scholarly journals The Impact Population Growth on Disaggregate Energy Generation Source from (Hydro Power, Natural Gas, Oil and Coal Source) in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Umar Bala ◽  
Ayatu Yusuf ◽  
Rabiu Maijama'a
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
The Impact

Ethanol Logistics for Fuel Cells Applications in Brazil

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Egberto Gomes Franco ◽  
Paulo Lucas Dantas Filho ◽  
Flavio Taioli ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Rollo Ribeiro ◽  
Geraldo Francisco Burani
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Global Player ◽  
The Impact

One important element to reduce the impact of the present economic development model in nature is the energy generation. The need for more efficient sources of energy is evident, as the world relies on fossil fuel sources that become scarcer and expensive. Furthermore, imposes the use of clean fuels, like hydrogen and renewable primary fuels in large scale. The fuel cells technology have shown to be an interesting and very promising alternative, among others, to solve the problem of generating clean energy with high efficiency, using hydrogen, natural gas and ethanol. Hydrogen production from ethanol is an attractive technique, due to it renewable source, allowing clean energy generation. To permit that, the logistics of ethanol plays an essential role, allowing easy and full access to this fuel also in remote areas. In this article, we identify the necessary infra-structure to lead Brazil as a global player in the Hydrogen Economy. The costs of natural gas and ethanol as “carriers” were identified, pointing out weaknesses and strongest points of these primary fuels. The combination of these two technologies could drive Brazil to a clean and renewable energy source, mainly in remote areas.

Overcoming stereotypes of renewable energy

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Victor D. Gazman
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Financial Instrument ◽  
Promising Direction ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

The article considers prerequisites for the formation of a new paradigm in the energy sector. The factors that may affect the imminent change of leadership among the energy generation are analyzed. The variability of the projects of creation and functioning of power stations is examined. The focus is made on problematic aspects of the new generation, especially, storage and supply of energy, achieving a system of parity that ensures balance in pricing generations. The author substantiates the principles of forming system of parities arising when comparing traditional and new generations. The article presents the results of an empirical analysis of the 215 projects for the construction of facilities for renewable energy. The significance and direction of the impact of these factors on the growth in investment volumes of transactions are determined. The author considers leasing as an effective financial instrument for overcoming stereotypes of renewable energy and as a promising direction for accelerated implementation of investment projects.

The Economic Price of Natural Gas in Pakistan (Notes & Comments)

1974 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-484
Author(s):  
J. Faaland ◽  
J. R. Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Irrigate Land ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Economic Price ◽  
Tarbela Dam

The World Bank Study," Water and Power Resources of West Pakistan" [1], is one of the most thorough-going and sophisticated of its type. In re¬reading it we have been struck by a curious argument related to the real benefits to be expected from the construction of the Tarbela dam. It was designed to produce electricity as well as to irrigate land and it was necessary to estimate the benefits that the electricity would confer. One way of doing this was to estimate the saving that would be made by using hydro-power instead of natural gas or imported fuel, for electricity generation. This meant that an appropriate set of prices had to be estimated for Pakistan's supply of natural gas. The way in which this was done was, to say the least, unusual. The relevant passage justi¬fying the approach adopted is as follows:

scholarly journals Changes in ecosystem service values strongly influenced by human activities in contrasting agro-ecological environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulatu Liyew Berihun ◽  
Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽  
Nigussie Haregeweyn ◽  
Mitsuru Tsubo ◽  
Ayele Almaw Fenta
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Nile Basin ◽  
Grazing Land ◽  
Blue Nile ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
Blue Nile Basin ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Upper Blue Nile Basin

Abstract Background Evaluating the impacts of land-use/land-cover (LULC) changes on ecosystem service values (ESVs) is essential for sustainable use and management of ecosystems. In this study, we evaluated the impact of human activity driven LULC changes on ESVs over the period 1982–2016/17 in contrasting agro-ecological environments: Guder (highland), Aba Gerima (midland), and Debatie (lowland) watersheds of the Upper Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia. Results During the study period, the continuous expansion of cultivated land at the expense of natural vegetation (bushland, forest, and grazing land) severely reduced the total ESV by about US$ 58 thousand (35%) in Aba Gerima and US$ 31 thousand (29%) in Debatie watersheds. In contrast, the unprecedented expansion of plantations, mainly through the planting of Acacia decurrens, led, from 2006, to a ESV rebound by about US$ 71 thousand (54%) in Guder watershed, after it had decreased by about US$ 61 thousand (32%) between 1982 and 2006. The reduction in natural forest area was the major contributor to the loss of total ESV in the study watersheds, ranging from US$ 31 thousand (63%) in Debatie to US$ 96.9 thousand (70%) in Guder between 1982 and 2016/17. On an area-specific basis, LULC changes reduced the average ESV from US$ 560 ha−1 year−1 (1982) in Guder to US$ 306 ha−1 year−1 (2017) in Debatie watersheds. Specific ESVs such as provisioning (mainly as food production) and regulating services (mainly as erosion control and climate regulation) accounted for most of the total ESVs estimated for the study watersheds. Conclusions In most cases, the total and specific ESVs of the watersheds were negatively associated with the population growth, which in turn was positively associated with the expansion of cultivated land over the study period. In Guder, however, ESVs were positively associated with population growth, especially after 2012. This is mainly due to the expansion of Acacia decurrens plantations. Our results suggest, therefore, that future policy measures and directions should focus on improving vegetation cover through planting multipurpose trees such as Acacia decurrens to prevent future loss of ESV in the midland and lowland regions of the Upper Blue Nile basin and beyond. However, caution must be taken during plantation of invasive species as they may have undesirable consequences.

scholarly journals Indicators of Land, Water, Energy and Food (LWEF) Nexus Resource Drivers: A Perspective on Environmental Degradation in the Gidabo Watershed, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5181
Author(s):  
Zinabu Wolde ◽  
Wu Wei ◽  
Haile Ketema ◽  
Eshetu Yirsaw ◽  
Habtamu Temesegn
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Driving Factor ◽  
Path Coefficients ◽  
Resource Degradation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Land Water

In Ethiopia, land, water, energy and food (LWEF) nexus resources are under pressure due to population growth, urbanization and unplanned consumption. The effect of this pressure has been a widely discussed topic in nexus resource literature. The evidence shows the predominantly negative impact of this; however, the impact of these factors is less explored from a local scale. As a result, securing nexus resources is becoming a serious challenge for the country. This necessitates the identification of the driving factors for the sustainable utilization of scarce LWEF nexus resources. Our study provides a systemic look at the driving factor indicators that induce nexus resource degradation. We use the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) to develop the indicators’ weights, and use a Path Analysis Model (PAM) to quantitatively estimate the effect of the driving factor indicators on the LWEF nexus resources. The results indicate that social (48%), economic (19%), and policy and institutional changes (14%) are the major nexus resource driving factor indicators. The path analysis results indicate that among the social driving factor indicators, population growth and consumption patterns have a significant direct effect on the LWEF nexus, with path coefficients of 0.15 and 0.089, respectively. Similarly, the potential of LWEF nexus resources is also influenced by the institutional and policy change drivers, such as outdated legislation and poor institutional structure, with path coefficients of 0.46 and 0.39, respectively. This implies that population growth and consumption patterns are the leading social drivers, while outdated legislation and poor institutional structures are the institutional and policies change drivers which have a potential impact on LWEF nexus resource degradation. Similarly, other driving factors such as environmental, economic and technological factors also affect nexus resources to varying degrees. The findings of our study show the benefits of managing the identified driving factors for the protection of LWEF nexus resources, which have close links with human health and the environment. In order to alleviate the adverse effects of driving factors, all stakeholders need to show permanent individual and collective commitment. Furthermore, we underline the necessity of applying LWEF nexus approaches to the management of these drivers, and to optimize the environmental and social outcomes.

scholarly journals Dominance of Fossil Fuels in Japan’s National Energy Mix and Implications for Environmental Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7347
Author(s):  
Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo ◽  
Abraham Ayobamiji Awosusi ◽  
Seun Damola Oladipupo ◽  
Ephraim Bonah Agyekum ◽  
Arunkumar Jayakumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Energy Mix ◽  
Ordinary Least Square

Despite the drive for increased environmental protection and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), coal, oil, and natural gas use continues to dominate Japan’s energy mix. In light of this issue, this research assessed the position of natural gas, oil, and coal energy use in Japan’s environmental mitigation efforts from the perspective of sustainable development with respect to economic growth between 1965 and 2019. In this regard, the study employs Bayer and Hanck cointegration, fully modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS), and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) to investigate these interconnections. The empirical findings from this study revealed that the utilization of natural gas, oil, and coal energy reduces the sustainability of the environment with oil consumption having the most significant impact. Furthermore, the study validates the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Japan. The outcomes of the Gradual shift causality showed that CO2 emissions can predict economic growth, while oil, coal, and energy consumption can predict CO2 emissions in Japan. Given Japan’s ongoing energy crisis, this innovative analysis provides valuable policy insights to stakeholders and authorities in the nation’s energy sector.

Comparison Between Two-Shaft Simple and Single-Shaft Recuperated Brayton Cycles Using Different Types of Gaseous Fuels

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Malkogianni ◽  
A. Tourlidakis ◽  
A. L. Polyzakis
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
Parametric Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Heating

Geopolitical issues give rise to problems in the smooth and continuous flow of oil and natural gas from the production countries to the consumers’ development countries. In addition, severe environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions, eventually guide the consumers to fuels more suitable to the present situation. Alternative fuels such as biogas and coal gas have recently become more attractive because of their benefits, especially for electricity generation. On the other hand, the use of relatively low heating value fuels has a significant effect to the performance parameters of gas turbines. In this paper, the impact of using four fuels with different heating value in the gas turbine performance is simulated. Based on the high efficiency and commercialization criteria, two types of engines are chosen to be simulated: two-shaft simple and single-shaft recuperated cycle gas turbines. The heating values of the four gases investigated, correspond to natural gas and to a series of three gases with gradually lower heating values than that of natural gas. The main conclusions drawn from this design point (DP) and off-design (OD) analysis is that, for a given TET, efficiency increases for both engines when gases with low heating value are used. On the contrary, when power output is kept constant, the use of gases with low heating value will result in a decrease of thermal efficiency. A number of parametric studies are carried out and the effect of operating parameters on performance is assessed. The analysis is performed with customized software, which has been developed for this purpose.

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