scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked dry fermented sausages with protected designation of origin Petrovská klobása from Serbia

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Škrbić ◽  
Nataša Đurišić-Mladenović ◽  
Nada Mačvanin ◽  
Ana Tjapkin ◽  
Snežana Škaljac
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Fermented Sausage ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Dry Fermented Sausage ◽  
Fermented Sausages ◽  
The Us ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Us Epa

The occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in smoked dry fermented sausage with protected designation of origin <em>Petrovská klobása</em> from Serbia was determined by analysing PAHs from the US EPA and the EU priority lists. The peeled natural cased sausages smoked in industrial and traditional smokehouses were studied in order to assess the influence of smoking conditions on the PAH contents. The highest total concentration of EPA PAHs was found in the samples smoked in traditional smokehouse, being almost 15 times higher than the total EPA PAHs content in sausages smoked in industrial smokehouse; the content of EU PAHs in both types of the smoked products were similar, being close to 1.5 µg/kg. The most abundant compound was phenanthrene with the average content of about 31 µg/kg in traditionally smoked samples and about 3 µg/kg in industrially smoked samples. The concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene as well as the total concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluranthene and chrysene (consisting the so-called “PAH4” group) were rather low in both types of smoked sausages, being well below the corresponding maximum allowed levels set by the latest European Regulation 835/2011, not representing any risk to consumers’ health when PAHs presence is concerned.

Pressurized liquid extraction as an alternative to the Soxhlet extraction procedure stated in the US EPA method TO-13A for the recovery of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed on polyurethane foam plugs

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. 8420-8425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Masala ◽  
Ulf Rannug ◽  
Roger Westerholm
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
The Us ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Us Epa

PLE quicker and more convenient alternative than EPA Soxhlet method TO-13A for extraction of PAHs from atmospheric PUF samples.

A Correlation Study between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urumqi Snow and the Surrounding Environment

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1364-1368
Author(s):  
Yakup Parida ◽  
Eslamjan Diwani
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Purification Method ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Based on the principle of solid phase extraction and the purification method using Florida silica, sixteen various kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene, acenaphthene and fluorene were measured in Urumqi snow by means of HPLC. The results showed that the concentration of PAHs was different in different sampling sites in Urumqi. The total concentration of PAHs was in the range of 0.2883 ~ 8.814 µg/mL and the content of PAHs snow was higher than that in water, which indicated that the snow was polluted by organic matters to a certain degree and the pollution was not so serious compared with the groundwater. So the snow has a certain application value for life.

scholarly journals Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Produced Water by Ferrate (VI) Oxidation

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3132
Author(s):  
Tahir Haneef ◽  
Muhammad Raza Ul Mustafa ◽  
Khamaruzaman Wan Yusof ◽  
Mohamed Hasnain Isa ◽  
Mohammed J.K. Bashir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are mutagenic and carcinogenic contaminants made up of fused benzene rings. Their presence has been reported in several wastewater streams, including produced water (PW), which is the wastewater obtained during oil and gas extraction from onshore or offshore installations. In this study, ferrate (VI) oxidation was used for the first time for the treatment of 15 PAHs, with the total concentration of 1249.11 μg/L in the produced water sample. The operating parameters viz., ferrate (VI) dosage, pH, and contact time were optimized for maximum removal of PAHs and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Central composite design (CCD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimization and modeling to evaluate the optimal values of operating parameters. PAH and COD removal percentages were selected as the dependent variables. The study showed that 89.73% of PAHs and 73.41% of COD were removed from PW at the optimal conditions of independent variables, i.e., ferrate (VI) concentration (19.35 mg/L), pH (7.1), and contact time (68.34 min). The high values of the coefficient of determination (R2) for PAH (96.50%) and COD (98.05%) removals show the accuracy and the suitability of the models. The results showed that ferrate (VI) oxidation was an efficient treatment method for the successful removal of PAHs and COD from PW. The study also revealed that RSM is an effective tool for the optimization of operating variables, which could significantly help to reduce the time and cost of experimentation.

scholarly journals Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 8741-8758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atallah Elzein ◽  
Rachel E. Dunmore ◽  
Martyn W. Ward ◽  
Jacqueline F. Hamilton ◽  
Alastair C. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Naphthalic Anhydride ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract. Ambient particulate matter (PM) can contain a mix of different toxic species derived from a wide variety of sources. This study quantifies the diurnal variation and nocturnal abundance of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 10 oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) and 9 nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) in ambient PM in central Beijing during winter. Target compounds were identified and quantified using gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-Q-ToF-MS). The total concentration of PAHs varied between 18 and 297 ng m−3 over 3 h daytime filter samples and from 23 to 165 ng m−3 in 15 h night-time samples. The total concentrations of PAHs over 24 h varied between 37 and 180 ng m−3 (mean: 97±43 ng m−3). The total daytime concentrations during high particulate loading conditions for PAHs, OPAHs and NPAHs were 224, 54 and 2.3 ng m−3, respectively. The most abundant PAHs were fluoranthene (33 ng m−3), chrysene (27 ng m−3), pyrene (27 ng m−3), benzo[a]pyrene (27 ng m−3), benzo[b]fluoranthene (25 ng m−3), benzo[a]anthracene (20 ng m−3) and phenanthrene (18 ng m−3). The most abundant OPAHs were 9,10-anthraquinone (18 ng m−3), 1,8-naphthalic anhydride (14 ng m−3) and 9-fluorenone (12 ng m−3), and the three most abundant NPAHs were 9-nitroanthracene (0.84 ng m−3), 3-nitrofluoranthene (0.78 ng m−3) and 3-nitrodibenzofuran (0.45 ng m−3). ∑PAHs and ∑OPAHs showed a strong positive correlation with the gas-phase abundance of NO, CO, SO2 and HONO, indicating that PAHs and OPAHs can be associated with both local and regional emissions. Diagnostic ratios suggested emissions from traffic road and coal combustion were the predominant sources of PAHs in Beijing and also revealed the main source of NPAHs to be secondary photochemical formation rather than primary emissions. PM2.5 and NPAHs showed a strong correlation with gas-phase HONO. 9-Nitroanthracene appeared to undergo a photodegradation during the daytime and showed a strong positive correlation with ambient HONO (R=0.90, P < 0.001). The lifetime excess lung cancer risk for those species that have available toxicological data (16 PAHs, 1 OPAH and 6 NPAHs) was calculated to be in the range 10−5 to 10−3 (risk per million people ranges from 26 to 2053 cases per year).

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