Light-induced cytotoxicity of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on the US EPA priority pollutant list in human skin HaCaT keratinocytes: Relationship between phototoxicity and excited state properties

The occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in smoked dry fermented sausage with protected designation of origin <em>Petrovská klobása</em> from Serbia was determined by analysing PAHs from the US EPA and the EU priority lists. The peeled natural cased sausages smoked in industrial and traditional smokehouses were studied in order to assess the influence of smoking conditions on the PAH contents. The highest total concentration of EPA PAHs was found in the samples smoked in traditional smokehouse, being almost 15 times higher than the total EPA PAHs content in sausages smoked in industrial smokehouse; the content of EU PAHs in both types of the smoked products were similar, being close to 1.5 µg/kg. The most abundant compound was phenanthrene with the average content of about 31 µg/kg in traditionally smoked samples and about 3 µg/kg in industrially smoked samples. The concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene as well as the total concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluranthene and chrysene (consisting the so-called “PAH4” group) were rather low in both types of smoked sausages, being well below the corresponding maximum allowed levels set by the latest European Regulation 835/2011, not representing any risk to consumers’ health when PAHs presence is concerned.

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Metabolism and genotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human skin explants: mixture effects and modulation by sunlight

Archives of Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s00204-019-02650-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 495-507

Author(s):

Anne von Koschembahr ◽

Antonia Youssef ◽

David Béal ◽

Etienne Bourgart ◽

Alex Rivier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Human Skin ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Mixture Effects ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Skin Explants

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Characterization of EPA’s 16 priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in tank bottom solids and associated contaminated soils at oil exploration and production sites in Texas

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.yrtph.2006.11.007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 288-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 120

Author(s):

Heidi K. Bojes ◽

Peter G. Pope

Keyword(s):

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Oil Exploration ◽

Priority Pollutant ◽

Exploration And Production ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Tank Bottom

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The Interpretation of Absorption Spectra of Condensed Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Using a Simple Resonance Theory. I. The Resonance Structure of the Excited State in Correlation with Platt’s Theory

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan ◽

10.1246/bcsj.36.235 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 235-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Takashi Handa

Keyword(s):

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Excited State ◽

Absorption Spectra ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Resonance Structure ◽

Resonance Theory ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic

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Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from Shengli Oil Field, China

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/35/2017-swr ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 74-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Kuang ◽

Y. Su ◽

J. Zhang ◽

Z. Song ◽

H. Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

The United States ◽

Oil Field ◽

Total Pahs ◽

Fine Soil ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Pahs Concentration ◽

Us Epa

The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are on the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) priority pollutant list, were studied in ten different soil samples from Shengli Oil Field, China. The total PAHs concentrations in the sampled soils attained 1214.9–2965.1 ng/g (2159.6 ng/g on average). The highest total PAHs concentration was in the soil with a huge content of oil sludge, while the lowest was in fine soil environment areas. The soil contamination with PAHs in the study areas was classified as severe. The major pollutants were naphthalene, phenathrene, fluorine (Flu), pyrene (Pyr), while the detected concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), benzo(b)fluoranthene was relatively low. Among the 16 kinds of PAHs, the concentration increased in the order: 6 rings < 5 rings < 4 rings < 2 rings < 3 rings. The ratios of Flu/(Flu + Pyr) and indeno benzene(1,2,3-c,d)pyrene (IP)/(IP + BaP) were 0.46–0.48, and 0.36–0.64, respectively. Our results suggest that the main sources of PAHs were petroleum extraction and petroleum combustion. In addition, a small amount of PAHs originated from combustion of grass, woods, and coal.

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Bioengineered Approach for Ex situ Vermiextraction of Acenaphthylene, Benzo (E)Pyrene and Benzo (Ghi) Perylene Soil Contamination

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2021/v40i3231556 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-36

Author(s):

C. Fawole ◽

S. J. Salami ◽

D. A. Dashak ◽

H. A. Chimezie-Nwosu

Keyword(s):

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Organic Pollutants ◽

Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Analytical Procedure ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽

Us Epa

The ex situ study of vermiextraction of Acenaphthylene (AcPY), Benzo(e)pyrene (BeP) and Benzo(ghi)perylene (BP) form constructed vermiculture containing petroleum contaminated soil (8.00±0.01, 9.80±0.00 and 5.02±0.00 mg/kg respectively) and vermiaccumulation (AcPY, 1.05±0.00, BeP, 2.01±0.00 and BP, 1.73±0.00 mg/kg) by Esenia fetida squirms with mean vermiremoval efficiency of 100% while vermiconversions were AcPY, 86.88, BeP, 79.49 and BP, 65.54%. The identification and quantification of the 3 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (3PAHs) were performed by GS/MD in accordance with analytical procedure of US. EPA 8270; 625. The bioengineered approach by E. fetida squirms in the vermiculture proved effective to detoxify and remove the persistent organic pollutants of the 3PAHs. The ex situ study of vermiextraction of Acenaphthylene (AcPY), Benzo(e)pyrene (BeP) and Benzo(ghi)perylene (BP) form constructed vermiculture containing petroleum contaminated soil (8.00±0.01, 9.80±0.00 and 5.02±0.00 mg/kg respectively) and vermiaccumulation (AcPY, 1.05±0.00, BeP, 2.01±0.00 and BP, 1.73±0.00 mg/kg) by Esenia fetida squirms with mean vermiremoval efficiency of 100% while vermiconversions were AcPY, 86.88, BeP, 79.49 and BP, 65.54%. The identification and quantification of the 3 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (3PAHs) were performed by GS/MD in accordance with analytical procedure of US. EPA 8270; 625. The bioengineered approach by E. fetida squirms in the vermiculture proved effective to detoxify and remove the persistent organic pollutants of the 3PAHs.

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Fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at geochemical barriers

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University Earth Sciences ◽

10.21638/spbu07.2021.108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aleksandr P. Khaustov ◽

◽

Margarita M. Redina ◽

Keyword(s):

Mass Transfer ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Environmental Protection Agency ◽

Stable State ◽

Geochemical Barriers ◽

The Us ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Geochemical Markers ◽

Marker Compounds

The purpose of the study was to identify patterns of fractionation at geochemical barriers (GCB) of associations of marker compounds - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Based on thermodynamic parameters, the throughput of GCB in geochemical systems (GCS) in relation to organic substances at the molecular level is analyzed. PAHs are very informative indicators of the properties of GCB (up to singular surfaces). The processes of migration and selective penetration through GCB of 15 PAHs from the list of priority pollutants recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency (widely used in the world EPA list): Naphthalene (Naph), acenaphthene (Ace), Fluorene (Flourene), Phenanthrene (Phen), Anthracene (An), Fluoranthene (Flu), Pyrene (Py), Benzo(a)Anthracene (BaA), Chrysene (Chr), Benzo(b)Fluoranthene (BbFlu), Benzo(k)fluoranthhene (BkFlu), Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), benzo(ghi)perylene (Bghi), Dibenzo(a, h) anthracene (DbA), Indeno(1,2-cd)pyrene (Ip). Being geochemical markers, these compounds can accumulate on barriers and selectively penetrate through them, making them especially important objects of study. Despite numerous studies, these mechanisms of mass transfer have not been sufficiently studied. The types of GCB have been identified in terms of their permeability to PAHs. It is shown that the functions of GCB in systems are much more significant and consist not only in the separation of systems from the external environment and the regulation of mass transfer. The above models of migration and accumulation are based on quantitative estimates, which makes the results more reasonable in comparison with the “conceptual” representations of the behavior of substances on GCB in most studies. The most important point - the influence of the medium contact time for establishing a stable state (stability by the migration of compounds) on GCB has been demonstrated.

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