scholarly journals The Effect of Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor Milnacipran on Anxiety-like Behaviors in Diabetic Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Tuhfatul Ulya ◽  
Chrismawan Ardianto ◽  
Mahardian Rahmadi ◽  
Dewi Wara Shinta ◽  
Junaidi Khotib
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Inadequate Response ◽  
Antidepressant Agents ◽  
Footshock Stress ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor ◽  
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that causes neuronal plasticity and increased hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis of stress disorders. The change in metabolism is reportedly associated with inadequate response to antianxiety and antidepressant agents. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of milnacipran antidepressants on anxiety-like behavior in mice with diabetes mellitus. Methods: Male ICR mice were divided into naive, stress, diabetes mellitus (DM), DM + stress groups to measure anxiety-like behavior. Diabetes mellitus was induced using alloxan, and electric footshock stress was used as a stressor for 14 consecutive days. Anxiety-like behavior was measured using the light-dark box (LDB) and elevated plus maze (EPM) test at days 0, 7 and 14. The antidepressant milnacipran (MIL) was given for 7 days, on days 8 to 14. On day 14, evaluation of anxiety-like behavior after administration of MIL was carried out in all groups using LDB and EPM tests. Results: The results showed that administration of milnacipran effectively ameliorated anxiety-like behavior in the non-DM, but not in the DM group, using the LDB test. A similar result was demonstrated in the EPM test showing the non-DM group's attenuation after milnacipran administration. Conclusion: The present results indicate that there is an inadequate attenuation of the anxiety-like behavior after treatment with milnacipran in diabetes conditions.

scholarly journals Comparative studies on novel combinations of pregabalin plus venlafaxine with standard diazepam and marketed combination of alprazolam plus sertraline for anxiety disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul P. Pol ◽  
ATUL RAMCHANDRA CHOPADE1,2 ◽  
Nilofar S. Naikwade1 ◽  
R. J. Dias3
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Minimum Effective Dose ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor ◽  
Animal Models Of Anxiety ◽  
Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor ◽  
Norepinephrine Reuptake

Summary Objective- In present study, eleven novel dose combinations of Pregabalin & Venlafaxine from minimum effective dose to higher anxiolytic dose were taken for assessment of anxiolytic activity in Swiss mice.Method — Classical animal models of anxiety vise: Elevated plus-maze model and Light & Dark Exploration test Apparatus. Diazepam was used as a standard anxiolytic. In addition the combinations were also compared with a fixed dose marketed combination of Alprazolam & Sertraline (Anxit Plus).Result — The results of the study reveal that combinations of Pregabalin & Venlafaxine (serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor) have better anxiolytic efficacy, which is comparable to Diazepam and Alprazolam-Sertraline combination.Conclusion- Further clinical studies are required for getting better idea about efficacy and clinical utility of Pregabalin-Venlafaxine combination.

scholarly journals Bupropion effect depends on rats’ coping style

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Zhukov ◽  
Vsevolod V. Nemez ◽  
Ekaterina P. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Coping Style ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Active Coping ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Behavioral Deficits ◽  
Passive Coping ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Post Stress ◽  
Behavior Of Rats

Objective. The effect of antidepressant bupropion on the behavior of rats subjected to chronic mild unpredictable stress was investigated. Rats with opposite coping styles — active and passive — were subjected to stress. Materials and methods. In the population of outbred animals Wistar were isolated individuals with the opposite coping styles on the basis of the acquisition of active avoidance. The animals of these two groups were tested in the Porsolt’s test and in the elevated plus-maze, and then subjected to chronic stress. Results. Behavioral deficits were more pronounced in rats with initial active coping style. After administration of bupropion behavior in the Porsolt’s test was restored only in rats with initially active coping style. On the behavior of animals with an initially passive coping style, bupropion had no impact. Conclusion. Our findings suggest the different nature of post-stress disorders in animals with different active and passive coping styles.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antistress activity of Cassia auriculata seed extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
Shravan Kumar Nanumala ◽  
◽  
B Varsha Priyanka ◽  
N Divya ◽  
S Shalini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Tail Suspension Test ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Tail Suspension ◽  
Force Swimming Test ◽  
Cassia Auriculata ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
Suspension Test

Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the anti-stress activity of Cassia auriculata ethanolic seed extract in mice. Methodology: The anti-stress effect was evaluated by using Elevated plus maze (EPM), Force swimming test (FST) and Tail suspension test (TST). The ECS at a doses (250,500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) and standard (diazepam 2 mg/kg i.p and fluoxetine 20 mg/kg i.p) was administered. Results: The extract showed the increased in the number of entries and time spent in open arm in Elevated plus maze and decreased in the immobility time in both Force swimming test and Tail suspension test. Conclusion: The effect of ESC on animal behavior was concordant with a significant regulation of GABA and stress hormones. Therefore, this study was attempted to demonstrate the preventive potential of ECS against stress disorders at in vivo levels

scholarly journals A Model in Female Rats With Phenotypic Features Similar to Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Ness ◽  
Cary DeWitte ◽  
Jennifer J. DeBerry ◽  
Morgan P. Hart ◽  
Buffie Clodfelder-Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Model System ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Pelvic Floor Musculature ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Footshock Stress ◽  
Plus Maze

This report describes methodological and exploratory investigations of the zymosan-induced neonatal bladder inflammation (NBI) model of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) in female rats. These results validate and extend the currently employed model by evaluating critical timepoints for obtaining treatment effects and identified that a second insult as an adult including repeat intravesical zymosan, intravesical lipopolysaccharide, acute footshock stress, neuropathic nociception (facial) or somatic inflammation (hindpaw) all resulted in magnified visceromotor responses to urinary bladder distension (UBD) in rats which had experienced NBI when compared with their controls. NBI also resulted in increased tone and reactivity of pelvic floor musculature to UBD, as well as increased responsiveness to intravesical potassium chloride solutions, abnormal anxiety measures (elevated plus maze) and an increased number of submucosal petechial hemorrhages following 30 min of hydrodistension of the bladder. These phenotypic findings have correlates to the clinical features of IC/BPS in humans and so support use of this model system to examine mechanisms of and treatments for IC/BPS.

scholarly journals Behavioral effects of new compounds based on coumarin in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Anton O. Kashirin ◽  
Valery A. Polukeev ◽  
Anna G. Pshenichnaya ◽  
Olga M. Rodionova ◽  
Albina F. Safonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Coumarin Derivatives ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
New Compounds

Introduction. A study of the effects of coumarins has not received widespread use in medicine, largely due to the lack of optimal dosage forms, the creation of which is complicated by their poor solubility in water. Currently, studies are underway on the synthesis of macromolecules, combining various structural fragments, which will lead to increased biological activity of the synthesized coumarin derivatives compared to natural coumarins. The aim of this work was to study the central effect of new coumarin-based compounds: IEM-2262, IEM-2263, IEM-2266, IEM-2267 on emotional and research behavior in rats. Methods. Studies have been carried out using battery of tests that are commonly used to study emotional and exploratory behavior: an open field test and an elevated plus maze in rats. The neuroprotector mexidol (200 mg/kg i.p., Farmasoft, Russia) was used as a reference substance. Results. Coumarins (1050 mg/kg ip) have been shown to have a mild psychotropic, predominantly anti-anxiety and sedative effect. 7-Alkoxycoumarins (IEM-2262 and IEM-2266) and 4-aminocoumarins (IEM-2263 and IEM-2267) have different sensitivity in the open field compared with the effects in the elevated plus maze. Anxiolytic properties appeared in the elevated plus maze after the administration of 4-aminocoumarins (IEM-2263 and IEM-2267). The number of defecation boluses in the open field decreased as a result of the administration of 7-alkoxycoumarins (IEM-2262), which was associated not only with fear of novelty, but to a greater extent with anti-stress action. Thus, the new coumarin derivatives have mild tranquilizing and anti-stress effects and can be used in the future for post-traumatic stress disorders with panic attacks.

scholarly journals Fear-Potentiated Behaviour Is Modulated by Central Amygdala Angiotensin IIAT1Receptors Stimulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de los Angeles Marinzalda ◽  
Pablo A. Pérez ◽  
Pascual A. Gargiulo ◽  
Brenda S. Casarsa ◽  
Claudia Bregonzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Central Nucleus ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Emotional Processes ◽  
Footshock Stress ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Grooming Behaviour

Central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is one of the most important regulatory centres for the emotional processes. Among the different neurotransmitter systems present in this nucleus, AT1receptors have been also found, but their role in the generation and modulation of emotions is not fully understood. The present work evaluated the effect of intra-amygdalar injection of losartan (AT1receptor antagonist) and angiotensin II (Ang II) in the anxiety state induced by fear-potentiated plus maze in male Wistar rats. Fear in the elevated plus maze can be potentiated by prior inescapable footshock stress. The decrease in the time spent in the open arms induced by the inescapable footshock was totally prevented by losartan (4 pmol) administration in CeA. It was also found that Ang II (48 fmol) administration decreased the time spent in the open arms in animals with or without previous footshock exposure. The locomotor activity and grooming behaviour were also evaluated. The results obtained from the different parameters analyzed allowed us to conclude that the Ang II AT1receptors in CeA are involved in the anxiety state induced by stress in the fear-potentiated plus-maze behaviour.

scholarly journals Complex Interactions Between Sex and Stress on Heroin Seeking

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan S. Carter ◽  
Angela M. Kearns ◽  
Carmela M. Reichel
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Object Recognition Memory ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
History Of

Rationale: Stress plays a dual role in substance use disorders as a precursor to drug intake and a relapse precipitant. With heroin use at epidemic proportions in the United States, understanding interactions between stress disorders and opioid use disorder is vital and will aid in treatment of these frequently comorbid conditions.Objectives: Here, we combine assays of stress and contingent heroin self-administration (SA) to study behavioral adaptations in response to stress and heroin associated cues in male and female rats.Methods: Rats underwent acute restraint stress paired with an odor stimulus and heroin SA for subsequent analysis of stress and heroin cue reactivity. Lofexidine was administered during heroin SA and reinstatement testing to evaluate its therapeutic potential. Rats also underwent tests on the elevated plus maze, locomotor activity in a novel environment, and object recognition memory following stress and/or heroin.Results: A history of stress and heroin resulted in disrupted behavior on multiple levels. Stress rats avoided the stress conditioned stimulus and reinstated heroin seeking in response to it, with males reinstating to a greater extent than females. Lofexidine decreased heroin intake, reinstatement, and motor activity. Previous heroin exposure increased time spent in the closed arms of an elevated plus maze, activity in a round novel field, and resulted in object recognition memory deficits.Discussion: These studies report that a history of stress and heroin results in maladaptive coping strategies and suggests a need for future studies seeking to understand circuits recruited in this pathology and eventually help develop therapeutic approaches.

Anxiolytic effects of fractions obtained from Passiflora incarnata L. in the elevated plus maze in mice

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Sampath ◽  
M Holbik ◽  
L Krenn ◽  
V Butterweck
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Passiflora Incarnata

Neuropharmacological Characterization of Dioclea altissima Seed Lectin (DAL) in Mice: Evidence of Anxiolytic-like Effect Mediated by Serotonergic, GABAergic Receptors and NO Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (31) ◽  
pp. 3895-3904
Author(s):  
João R.C. Araújo ◽  
Adriana R. Campos ◽  
Marina de Barros M.V. Damasceno ◽  
Sacha A.A.R. Santos ◽  
Maria K.A. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plant Lectins ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Marble Burying ◽  
Gabaergic Receptors ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hole Board

Background: Plant lectins have shown promising biological activities in the central nervous system (CNS). Objective: This study evaluated the effect of DAL, a lectin isolated from the seeds of the Dioclea altissima species, having binding affinity to D-glucose or D-mannose residues, on mice behavior. Methods: Mice (n=6/group) were treated (i.p.) with DAL (0.25, 0.5 or 1 mg/kg) or vehicle and subjected to several tests (open field/OFT, marble-burying/MBT, hole-board/HBT, elevated plus maze/PMT, tail suspension/ TST, forced swimming/FST or rotarod/RRT). Pizotifen, cyproheptadine, flumazenil, L-NAME, 7-NI, Larginine or yohimbine were administered 15 min before DAL (0.5 mg/kg) and the animals were evaluated on PMT. It was also verified whether the DAL effect depended on its structural integrity and ability to interact with carbohydrates. Results: The results showed there were no neurobehavioral changes in the mice at the RRT, FST and locomotion in the OFT. DAL (0.25, 0.5 or 1 mg/kg) increased the behavior of grooming and rearing in the OFT, head dips in the HBT, pedalling in the TST and decreased the number of marbles hidden in the MBT. In the PMT, DAL (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) and Diazepam increased the frequency of entries in the open arms and the time of permanence in the open arms without affecting the locomotor activity. The effect of DAL was dependent on carbohydrate interaction and protein structure integrity and it prevented by pizotifen, cyproheptadine, flumazenil, L-NAME and 7-NI, but not by L-arginine or yohimbine. Conclusion: DAL was found to have an anxiolytic-like effect mediated by the 5-HT and GABAergic receptors and NO pathway.

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