scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IMAGE RESULTS OF PANCREAS IN PORTAL VEIN PHASE ON CT SCAN ABDOMEN CONTRAST WITHOUT AND WITH MINIMUM INTENSITY PROJECTION IN CT SCAN 64 SLICE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Maria Ramandita ◽  
Lailatul Muqmiroh ◽  
Pramono Pramono
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
Portal Venous Phase ◽  
Minimum Intensity Projection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Venous Phase ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Minimum Intensity

Background: Minimum Intensity Projection is a post-proccesing technique on CT Scan that useful for showing structures with low Hounsfiled Unit (HU) values such as pancreas. To demonstrate the anatomy and pathology of the pancreatic organs, a contrast CT scan was performed on pancreatic phase but pancreatic phase was rarely used, so it was replaced by the portal venous phase, but this technique is still rarely used among the radiographers. Objective: This study aimed to prove the image of the portal venous pancreatic vein on contrast contrast CT scan by using minimum intensity projection (MinIP) on CT scan 64 slices will produce a more optimal image than without the minimum intensity projection (MinIP). Methods: This study is a retrospective study with an observational analytic method to assess differences of pancreatic image in contrasting contrast CT scans with and with MinIP reforms on CT 64 slice modalities Philips Briliance. 30 images as samples, with the criteria set by the researchers. The image will be post proccesing without and by using MinIP reformat. Image results will be evaluated by two radiologist, then the data obtained will be tabulated and processed using SPSS software version 17. Result: From this research obtained the result that MinIP reformat able to produce pancreas image more optimal than image without MinIP reformat on CT scan 64 slice and shows a significant difference. Overall assessment of the image has an improvement with the MinIP but for the homogeneity of pancreatic images decreased. Conclusions: There was a significant difference between pancreatic venous porta port results in contrasting CT scans of the abdomen without and with MinIP reformat.

scholarly journals Chest CT Imaging Characteristics of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Surviving and Non-Surviving Hospitalized Patients: A Retrospective Study in a Referral Center in Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Besharat ◽  
Fatemehsadat Rahimi ◽  
Siamak Afaghi ◽  
Farzad Esmaeili Tarki ◽  
Fatemeh Pourmotahari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chest Ct Scan ◽  
Lung Lobes

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has several chest computed tomography (CT) characteristics, which are important for the early management of this disease, because viral detection via RT-PCR can be time-consuming, resulting in a delayed pneumonia diagnosis. The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) proposed a reporting language for CT findings related to COVID-19 and defined four CT categories: typical, indeterminate, atypical, and negative. Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate the chest CT characteristics of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients and Methods: A total of 115 hospitalized laboratory-verified COVID-19 cases, underdoing chest CT scan, were included in this study from April 30 to May 15, 2020. Of 115 cases, 53 were discharged from the hospital, and 62 expired. The initial clinical features and chest CT scans were assessed for the type, pattern, distribution, and frequency of lesions. Moreover, the findings were compared between ward-hospitalized, ICU-admitted, and non-surviving (expired) patients. Results: Of four CT categories, typical CT findings for COVID-19 were more frequent in the expired group (77.4%), compared to the ward-admitted (44.8%) and ICU-admitted (70.8%) groups (P = 0.017). However, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of intermediate or atypical CT findings between the groups. Negative CT scans for the diagnosis of COVID-19 were significantly fewer in the expired group (0%) as compared to the ward-admitted (10.3%) and ICU-admitted (8.3%) groups (P = 0.0180). Also, the mean number of involved lung lobes and segments was significantly higher in the expired group compared to the other two groups (P = 0.032 and 0.010, respectively). The right upper lobe involvement, right middle lobe involvement, bilateral involvement, central lesion, air bronchogram, and pleural effusion were among CT scan findings with a significantly higher prevalence in non-surviving cases (P < 0.0001, 0.047, 0.01, 0.036, 0.038, and 0.047, respectively). Conclusion: The increased number of involved lung lobes and segments, bilateral and central distribution patterns, air bronchogram, and severe pleural effusion in the initial chest CT scan can be related to the increased severity and poor prognosis of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Contrast versus non-contrast CT in urinary tract calculi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Sofyan Faidah ◽  
Alyaa Banjar ◽  
Jaber Zarbah ◽  
Sarah Alfaer ◽  
Mohammed Alshulayyil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Flank Pain ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Urinary Tract Calculi ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Contrast Ct

The incidence and prevalence of urinary tract calculi has increased significantly during the past decade. Accurate fast diagnostic modalities were developed to cope with such an increased trend. To date, non-contrast CT scan remains the diagnostic modality of choice for evaluation of patients with urinary tract calculi. However, contrast CT scans are gaining more interest. In this review, both diagnostic modalities were reviewed with the advantages and disadvantages of each. Non-contrast CT scan is a rapid, accurate, less hazardous, less expensive imaging modality that has a high sensitivity in detection of urinary calculi as small as 3 mm. However, it cannot evaluate other probable causes of flank pain. Thus, contrast CT scans can be used in situations where clinical presentation is suspicious and the possibility of other differential diagnoses is considered. Contrast CT scans do not decrease the sensitivity of detecting urinary calculi, and they do have a higher sensitivity in detecting small grades of obstruction as well as evaluating other possible causes of flank pain such as neoplasms, infectious, or inflammatory aetiologies. 

scholarly journals Comparison of Dorsal-to-Ventral Ratios of the Cervical Paraspinal Musculature in French Bulldogs With and Without Cervical Intervertebral Disk Disease and Two Other Breeds Based on CT Scan Measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Hart ◽  
Stefan Rupp ◽  
Katinka Hartmann ◽  
Carolin Fischer ◽  
Pia Düver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Intervertebral Disk ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Major Factors

Objective: To objectively assess the cervical paraspinal musculature of French bulldogs (FBs) using computed tomography (CT) scan-based measurements, outline differences in other breeds published in the literature, and investigate the potential influence of its cervical paraspinal musculature on predisposed sites for intervertebral disk disease.Animals: Thirty FBs that underwent CT scans of the cervical spine from the skull to C7/T1 were enrolled. Fifteen dogs were patients suffering from intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH group), and 15 dogs underwent CT scans due to brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS group).Methods: At the level of each cervical intervertebral disk from C2/C3 to C7/T1, measurements were performed and statistically analyzed. On the sagittal CT scan reconstruction, the height ratio of the dorsal to ventral paraspinal musculature and the angle of the disk axis to vertebral body length were assessed. On the transverse plane, the area ratio of the dorsal and ventral paraspinal musculature and the ratio of force moments were determined at each intervertebral disk level. Finally, ratios were compared to the values of Labrador retrievers and dachshunds published by Hartmann et al. (1).Results: Comparing the two FB groups, one significant difference was detected in the mean height ratio of the dorsal to ventral paraspinal musculature at the level of C5/C6 (P = 0.0092) and C6/C7 (P = 0.0076), with IVDH FBs having the more prominent dorsal paraspinal musculature. At the level of C3/C4, a significantly less prominent dorsal paraspinal musculature in FBs than in dachshunds (P = 0.0058) and a significantly steeper disk to vertebral body angulation were observed (P = 0.0005).Conclusion: Although some incidental differences were found, most parameters did not significantly differ between the BOAS and IVDH FBs. Significant conformational differences in the cervical paraspinal musculature and disk to vertebral body length angulation were found between FBs and two other breeds (chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic). This study's findings suggest that the paraspinal musculature is an additional biomechanical influencing factor on the preferential sites of IVDH in the cervical spine and that other major factors exist in IVDH development, especially in FBs.

scholarly journals Imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma with bile duct tumor thrombus：a multicenter study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ming Huang ◽  
Jun-Yi Wu ◽  
Yan-Nan Bai ◽  
Jia-Yi Wu ◽  
Yong-Gang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Bile Duct ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Portal Venous Phase ◽  
Bile Duct Tumor ◽  
Hepatic Arterial Phase ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Venous Phase

Abstract Background: There are still difficult and challenging problems in diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT) before operation. This study aimed to analyze the imaging features of HCC with B1-B3 BDTT. Methods: The clinicopathological data and imaging findings of 30 HCC patients with B1-B3 BDTT from three high-volume institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Eighteen patients underwent computed tomography (CT) scans and twelve patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans before operation, respectively. The diagnosis of HCC with BDTT was confirmed by postoperative pathologic examination.Results: According to Japanese classification, 5 patients were classified as B1 BDTT, 12 B2, 13 B3, and 82 B4, respectively. The HCC lesions were detected in all patients, and the localized bile duct dilation were detected in 28 (93.3%) patients. The BDTT was observed in all B3 patients and 3 B2 patients, but it was not observed in all B1 patients on CT or MRI. The BDTT showed relatively hypoattenuation on plain CT scans and T1W images, relatively hyperattenuation signals on T2W. The BDTT showed hyperattenuation at hepatic arterial phase with washout at portal venous phase. The localized biliary dilation showed no enhancement at hepatic arterial phase and no progressively delayed enhancement at portal venous phase, but it was more obvious at portal venous phase on CT.Conclusions: The HCC lesions and the localized bile duct dilatation on CT or MRI scans are imaging features of HCC with BDTT, which might facilitate the early diagnosis for B1-B3 BDTT.

scholarly journals Is This Contrast? Is This Blood? An Agreement Study on Post-thrombectomy Computed Tomography Scans

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronda Lun ◽  
Gregory B. Walker ◽  
Adrien Guenego ◽  
Mohammed Kassab ◽  
Eduardo Portela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Hemorrhagic Transformation ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Global Agreement ◽  
Contrast Ct ◽  
Agreement Study

Background: Hemorrhagic transformation after acute ischemic stroke is a dreaded and severe complication of thrombolysis and thrombectomy. However, its detection on post-thrombectomy conventional non-contrast computed tomography (CT) scan can be complicated by the frequent (and sometimes concomitant) presence of contrast, resulting in changes in management.Aims: Our objective was to assess the inter- and intra-rater reliability for the detection of blood and/or contrast on day-1 post-thrombectomy CT scans.Methods: A total of 18 raters across 3 different specialties independently examined 30 post-thrombectomy CT scans selected from the Aspiration vs. STEnt-Retriever (ASTER) trial. They were asked to judge the presence of blood and contrast. Thirty days later, the same 18 raters again independently judged the 30 scans, in randomized order. Agreement was measured with Fleiss' and Cohen's K statistics.Results: Overall agreement on blood and/ or contrast presence was only fair, k = 0.291 (95% CI = 0.273–0.309). There were 0 scans with consensus among the 18 readers on the presence of blood and/or contrast. However, intra-rater global agreement across all 18 physicians was relatively high, with a median kappa value of 0.675. This intra-rater consistency was seen across all specialties, regardless of level of training.Conclusion: Physician judgment for the presence of blood and/or contrast on day-1 post-thrombectomy non-contrast CT scan shows limited inter-observer reliability. Advanced imaging modalities may then be warranted for challenging clinical cases.

scholarly journals Anatomical and Radiological Study of Jugular Foramen

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Alok Tripathi ◽  
Shobhit Raizaday ◽  
Shilpi Jain ◽  
Satyam Khare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Jugular Foramen ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Radiological Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background and Aim The purpose of present study was to obtain comprehensive data of morphometric and anatomical details of jugular foramen. Materials and Methods The study was performed on 30 dry adult human skulls along with computed tomography (CT) scans from 30 adult patients. The parameters observed were dimensions, shape, margins, confluence, septations, and distance from jugular foramen to mastoid base. Result In the dry skull observations, only anteroposterior diameter (APD) was significantly different between the right and left side, while for the CT scan observations both transverse diameter and APD exhibit significant difference. Conclusion We believe that data from the present study will help radiologists and neurosurgeons for diagnosis and treatment of skull base pathology around jugular foramen.

Continuous and progressive ‘wash-in’ without ‘wash-out’ of contrast in adrenal mass: a useful feature of ganglioneuroma

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e241661
Author(s):  
Neeti Agrawal ◽  
Avivar Awasthi ◽  
Rahin Mahata ◽  
Partha Pratim Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Adrenal Mass ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Contrast Administration ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Adrenocortical Adenomas ◽  
Venous Phase ◽  
Adrenal Masses ◽  
Contrast Ct

Computed tomography (CT) scan is a useful and widely performed diagnostic modality to evaluate adrenal masses. Nature of the mass determines the degree of attenuation both in unenhanced and in different phases of contrast enhancement. Benign neurogenic tumours like ganglioneuroma mimicks pheochromocytoma and adrenocortical carcinoma in non-contrast CT scan. The ‘adrenal protocol’ routinely calculates the wash-out pattern at delayed venous phase (DVP) (15 min) following contrast administration to differentiate majority of benign masses from the malignant ones. Ganglioneuromas typically exhibit continuous wash-in of contrast where enhancement gradually increases to attain its peak in DVP. Such wash-in pattern is different from the wash-out pattern observed in pheochromocytomas or adrenocortical adenomas or carcinomas. Presence of this wash-in pattern provides a useful clue to the clinician for underlying ganglioneuroma in hormonally inactive adrenal masses with suspicious morphological appearances. This wash-in pattern also effectively rules out any malignant potential of ganglioneuroma, and thus helps in preoperative decision-making.

scholarly journals The Application of Dual-phase Enhanced CT Scan in Distinguishing Adrenal Ganglioneuromas From Adrenal Lipid-poor Adenomas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huajun Yu ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Zhongfeng Niu ◽  
Meihua Shao
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Portal Venous Phase ◽  
Ct Value ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Venous Phase

Abstract Background:The utility of dual-phase enhanced CT scan in distinguishing ganglioneuromas from lipid-poor adenomas has not been reported. We aimed to prospectively compare CT findings helpful in distinguishing adrenal ganglioneuromas from adrenal lipid-poor adenomas. Methods: We estimated the CT findings of 258 adrenal masses (42 ganglioneuromas, 216 lipid-poor adenomas) in 258 patients from July 2008 to July 2020 with ganglioneuromas and July 2016 to July 2020 with lipid-poor adenomas. The CT features between ganglioneuromas and lipid-poor adenomas were compared. Results:Significant differences were detected in CT value of unenhanced (CTU), CT value of arterial phase (CTA), CT value of venous phase (CTV), degree of enhancement in arterial phase (DEAP), degree of enhancement in portal venous phase (DEPP), age, tumor size [long diameter (LD), short diameter (SD), mean diameter (MD)], shape, calcification between the ganglioneuroma and lipid-poor adenoma groups (P < 0.05).The results of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses showed that areas under ROC curves (AUC) of CTU, CTA and CTV were 0.713, 0.878, and 0.914, respectively. When the cut-off values were set at 22.5 HU, 51.5 HU, and 53.5 HU for CTU, CTA, and CTV, respectively the three parameters had a sensitivity of 46.8%, 67.6%, and 88.0% and a specificity of 100%, 100%, and 88.1% in distinguishing between ganglioneuromas and lipid-poor adenomas.Conclusion: Dual-phase enhanced abdominal CT can exhibit some of the primary imaging characteristics of ganglioneuromas and lipid-poor adenomas used to distinguish between these two entities.

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