scholarly journals Banks' Stability

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-80
Author(s):  
Wael Bakhit ◽  
Salma Bakhit
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Break ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This paper employs a quarterly time series to determine the timing of structural breaks for interest rates in USA over the last 60 years. The Chow test is used for investigating the non-stationary, where the date of the potential break is assumed to be known. Moreover, we empirically examined the deviation from an assumed interest rate as given in a standard Taylor rule and consequences on financial sectors. The empirical analysis is strengthened by analysing the rule from a historical perspective and look at the effect of setting the interest rate by the central bank on financial imbalances. The empirical evidence indicates that deviation in monetary policy has a potential causal factor in the build up of financial imbalances and the subsequent crisis where macro prudential intervention could have beneficial effect. Thus, our findings tend to support the view, which states that the probable existence of central banks has been one source of global financial crisis since the past decade.

scholarly journals Banks' Stability: The effect of Monetary Policies in the light of Global Financial Crisis

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Wael Bakhit ◽  
Salma Bakhit
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Break ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

<p><em>This paper employs a quarterly time series to determine the timing of structural breaks for interest rates in USA over the last 60 years. <strong>The Chow test</strong> is used for investigating the non-stationary, where the date of the potential break is assumed to be known. Moreover, we empirically examined the deviation from an assumed interest rate as given in a standard Taylor rule and consequences on financial sectors. The empirical analysis is strengthened by analysing the rule from a historical perspective and look at the effect of setting the interest rate by the central bank on financial imbalances. The empirical evidence indicates that deviation in monetary policy has a potential causal factor in the build up of financial imbalances and the subsequent crisis where macro prudential intervention could have beneficial effect. Thus, our findings tend to support the view, which states that the probable existence of central banks has been one source of global financial crisis since the past decade.</em></p>

scholarly journals Negative Interest Rate Risk. Atavism or Normalization of Central Banks’ Monetary Policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (342) ◽  
pp. 89-116
Author(s):  
Irena Pyka ◽  
Aleksandra Nocoń
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Interest Rate Policy ◽  
Rate Policy ◽  
Negative Interest Rate Policy

In the face of the global financial crisis, central banks have used unconventional monetary policy instruments. Firstly, they implemented the interest rate policy, lowering base interest rates to a very low (almost zero) level. However, in the following years they did not undertake normalizing activities. The macroeconomic environment required further initiatives. For the first time in history, central banks have adopted Negative Interest Rate Policy (NIRP). The main aim of the study is to explore the risk accompanying the negative interest rate policy, aiming at identifying channels and consequences of its impact on the economy. The study verifies the research hypothesis stating that the risk of negative interest rates, so far unrecognized in Theory of Interest Rate, is a consequence of low effectiveness of monetary policy normalization and may adopt systemic nature, by influencing – through different channels – the financial stability and growth dynamics of the modern world economy.

Does interest rate liberalisation affect the constancy of mean interest rates in China?

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-568
Author(s):  
Hui Hong ◽  
Zhicun Bian ◽  
Naiwei Chen ◽  
Chiwei Su
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Reforms ◽  
Inflationary Expectation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to examine the impact of interest rate liberalisation on the constancy of mean interest rates in China to test the effect of financial reforms and provide strategies for future practices. Design/methodology/approach Bai and Perron’s (1998, 2003) methodology is used to test for structural breaks in the mean of different interest rates using Chinese data, and break dates are measured against the exact dates of the interest rate liberalisation. The performance of mean interest rates across the regimes defined by liberalisation dates is also investigated. Findings The main results show that interest rates generally increase (decrease) after deregulations on lending (deposit) rates, but these changes are not significant to induce a negative impact on the domestic economy. Instead, the infrequent but important shifts (structural breaks) in mean interest rates are caused by factors other than liberalisation such as economic shocks, inflationary expectation and liquidity crunch in China. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper provides unprecedented evidence on significant changes in interest rates attributable to the liberalisation within the Chinese context.

scholarly journals 'Captivated by Liquidity' – Theoretical Traps and Practical Mazes

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Novák ◽  
Tibor Tatay
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Liquidity Trap ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Lower Interest Rate ◽  
The Usa

There is no uniform theoretical standpoint on the effects of changing interest rates and the role of money among economists. Though these disputes exercise a great influence on the economic policy measures adopted as well. For the management of the 2008 global financial crisis many central banks entered into forceful interest rate cuts to contribute to the revitalisation of the economy. The economic recession caused by the pandemic of 2020 again raises the issue how central banks can stimulate growth. In this study we deal with the liquidity trap issue attributed to Keynes. Keynes pointed out that there might exist a lower interest rate limit under which money demand becomes infinite. His conceptions put the foundations to the question, at what interest rate levels might the liquidity trap – a term coined later by Robertson – phenomenon become effective. He was followed by numerous renowned economists dealing with the conception. In this paper we are discussing the most important theoretical approaches – among others the views of Hansen, Hicks, Tobin, Patinkin, Krugman, Brunner and Meltzer and Eggertson. We provide an overview on the effects of low interest rate levels adopted by Japan, by the central banks of Japan, the USA and the ECB aimed at stimulating the economy. Based on the study it can be confirmed that central banks can contribute to economic growth keeping interest rates low and therewith fostering investment. Nevertheless, beyond keeping short-term interest rates low, it might be adequate to control interest rates of other maturities and, especially under deflationary expectations, central banks should express their prolonged commitment to low interest rates.

Interest Rates and Macroeconomic Investment under Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-345
Author(s):  
Ansgar Belke ◽  
Matthias Göcke
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Monetary Policy Transmission ◽  
Policy Transmission ◽  
Rate Effects ◽  
Exact Shape ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Interest Rate

The interest rate is generally considered as an important driver of macroeconomic investment characterised by a particular form of path dependency, “hysteresis”. At the same time, the interest rate channel is a central ingredient of monetary policy transmission. In this context, we shed light on the issue (which currently is a matter of concern for many central banks) whether uncertainty over future interest rates at the zero lower bound hampers monetary policy transmission. As an innovation we derive the exact shape of the “hysteretic” impact of rate changes on macroeconomic investment under different sorts of uncertainty. Starting with hysteresis effects on the micro level, we apply an adequate aggregation procedure to derive the interest rate effects on a macro level. Our results may serve as a guideline for future central banks’ policies on how to stimulate investment in times of low or even zero interest rates and uncertainty.

scholarly journals HOUSING MARKETS, EXPECTATION FORMATION AND INTEREST RATES

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Carolin Martin ◽  
Noemi Schmitt ◽  
Frank Westerhoff
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Housing Market ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Expectation Formation ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
Stock Flow

Based on a behavioral stock-flow housing market model in which the expectation formation behavior of boundedly rational and heterogeneous investors may generate endogenous boom-bust cycles, we explore whether central banks can stabilize housing markets via the interest rate. Using a mix of analytical and numerical tools, we find that the ability of central banks to tame housing markets by increasing the base (target) interest rate, thereby softening the demand pressure on house prices, is rather limited. However, central banks can greatly improve the stability of housing markets by dynamically adjusting the interest rate with respect to mispricing in the housing market.

scholarly journals Analysis of Interest Rate Impact on the Profitability Level of the Banking System in Albania during the Period 2005 -2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Sokol Ndoka ◽  
Anilda Bozdo
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Banking System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Impact

This study is an analysis of the movement and impact of interest rates on the profitability level of the banking system in Albania. This analysis covers a 10-year timeframe (is organized in three time segments - before, during and after the financial crisis), taking into consideration the critical point of the years 2008-2009 considered as the “peak” of the global financial crisis. Such separation is made in order to see the possible changes of each period of time and to identify the impact differences of this factor in each period of study. This study is based on the hypothesis that the decrease of the interest rate has positively affected the income increase from interest as a result of the impact of two factors, negative levels of Gaps and an increased level of spread toward the average assets. As a matter of fact, it has neutralized on a certain level the other risks such as that of the loan which has dominated over the other risks. This paper is based on an empirical study with secondary quantitative and qualitative data. This study provides a considerable contribution in the framework of identification of factors affecting the profitability of the banking system in Albania, namely in the context of interest rate; In addition, this study aims at highlighting the importance of open Gaps minimization for the efficient profitability increase of the financial system.

Consequences of interest rates benchmarks reform

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-110
Author(s):  
S. R. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Money Markets ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Interest Rate

The reform of benchmarks is carried out in developed economies from 2014 to 2021. The starting point of a large-scale reform was the scandal with the interest rate LIBOR. Instead of it, national so-called “risk-free” interest rates will appear. Although a problem of manipulating LIBOR will be resolved, new benchmarks bring new problems. They have statistical biases and will not be comparable either to LIBOR or to each other due to methodological differences. The new benchmark rates are overnight rates, and their calculation does not imply the formation of term rates. Instead of the homogeneous LIBOR family, financial markets have received a heterogeneous group of new rates. In some developing economies money markets are absent, and their central banks are faced with a problem of how to calculate the local benchmark rate under the new rules. As an alternative they are searching to use interest rates in neighboring markets.

scholarly journals INTEREST RATE PASS-THROUGH IN LITHUANIA

Ekonomika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vytenis Lapinskas
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Rate Transmission ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Interest Rate ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

The paper considers the pass-through of the interbank and retail interest rates for the case of Lithuania. The need for the interest rate transmission analysis has grown during the volatile market period caused by the global financial crisis. The objective of the article is to check theoretical and statistical aspects of domestic currency (litas) interest rate pass-through from interbank to retail interest rates and, specifically, to determine whether the recent global financial crisis has affected this process. Methods used in the article include a systemic analysis of related studies, historical data analysis and statistical testing. The analysis is expanded to cover the alternative interest rate-related variables in order to check the consistency of the pass-through of the litas interest rate over the period from October 2004 to December 2010. Results of the research show that though the lending interest rates have increased and the interest rate relationship has transformed over this period, there is no proof that changes in the bank interest rate setting policy has led to abnormal profits for banks.

scholarly journals FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF REFINANCING OF COMMERCIAL BANKS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Yankovska ◽  
Olga Telepneva ◽  
Nadiia Spivakova
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Central Banks ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
National Bank ◽  
The Interest Rate

The article presents a morphological assessment of the concept of "refinancing of commercial banks" based on the legal framework and definitions of well-known world and Ukrainian scientists and economists. There given a definition of the concept of "refinancing" which means that refinancing is a comprehensive system of monetary policy implementation that is conducted in favor of commercial banks for the recovery of bank resources through such instruments as credit auction, bills of exchange, securities collateral. The refinancing policy of the central banks is different in each country but there are some exceptions to its management. The central bank with a change in the interest rate can influence the rates on commercial banks loans, the level of inflation in the country and the exchange rate of the national currency that is to implement monetary policy. Lowering of interest rates entails increased business activity and rising inflation while rising interest rates have seen a decline in business activity, falling inflation and strengthening the national currency. National banks regulate the domestic exchange rate at the interest rate and the economy as a whole. The formation of the refinancing rate by the National Bank of Ukraine requires constant monitoring that is given the economic situation of the state. Foreign experience in forming the refinancing rate and using a successful mechanism is an important element in building an effective banking system. The foreign experience of the refinancing rate formation by the central banks of the world was monitored. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the dynamics of the refinancing rate of countries such as Japan, the United States, Australia, Great Britain and China. The main priorities that the central bank should be guided by when setting the refinancing rate have been identified. Changes in the discount rate of the National Bank of Ukraine for the last seven years and the factors influencing the decision to change the interest rate are analyzed. The priority tasks to be set by the Government of Ukraine is to stabilize the financial condition of the country have been identified. Ways to improve the mechanism of refinancing of commercial banks in the economic conditions of Ukraine are outlined.

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