scholarly journals PENGARUH PAJANAN LOGAM KADMIUM (Cd) TERHADAP KADAR PEROKSIDA (H2O2), KADAR MALODIALDEHID (MDA) DAN KADAR METIL GLIOKSAL (MG) PADA HATI TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus novergicus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Juliati ◽  
Emmy Sri Mahreda ◽  
Triawanti Triawanti ◽  
Eko Suhartono
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
White Mouse ◽  
Cadmium Exposure ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Amadori Product ◽  
Cd Exposure

Cadmium and its compounds are used for various industrial interests. However, the accumulation of cadmium in liver will lead to liver damage. This research aims to analyze the effect of the long exposure of cadmium to wards the levels of H2O2, MDA and MG in white-mouse livers. The number of white-mouse livers used in this research were 24 male mouses which were divided into four treatments of cadmium exposure for zero, two, four and six weeks. After the surgeries, the levels of H2O2, MDA and MG of the white-mouse livers were measured using spectrophotometer UV – VIS. The results showed that there were significant differences in the levels of H2O2 between treatment without exposure to Cd and that exposure. The levels of H2O2 increased respectively 3.164 mmol, 11.076 mmol, 16.292 mmol and 31.588 mmol at the weeks of 0, 2, 4, and 6. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test (p = 0.000; p <0.05), stated that the long exposure of Cd increased significantly the level of H2O2 in the white-mouse livers. The level of MDA of the white-mouse livers also increased consecutively in the week of 0, 2, 4, and 6 as much as 211.5 μM, 230.6 μM, 269.2 μM and 533 μM. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test (p = 0.000; p <0.05) showed that the Cd exposure could significantly increase the MDA levels in white-mouse livers. This happened because the Cd exposure activated the phagocytic cells to perform respiratory burst resulting in the accumulation of peroxide compounds. The increased Peroxide with Fe metal that existed in the cytoplasm triggered the lipid peroxidation in the membrane producing the MDA compounds. In addition, the results also showed the increased levels of liver MG consecutively in week 0, 2, 4, and 6 as much as 20.039 %, 24.055 %, 27.985 % and 33.87 % . The results of the Kruskal - Wallis statistical test (p = 0.001 ; p < 0.05), showed that the Cd exposure increased significantly the level of MG which was caused by the metal Cd increased the glycation reaction, i.e., the reaction between glucose and proteins to form Amadori product. At the time of the Amadory formation, the formation of 2,3- enediol which was are easily oxidized by the presence of Cd and oxygen to produce MG occurred. It can be concluded that the exposure of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) for 6 weeks may increase the levels of H2O2, MDA and MG

scholarly journals Effect of Lead and Copper on Photosynthetic Apparatus in Citrus (Citrus aurantium L.) Plants. The Role of Antioxidants in Oxidative Damage as a Response to Heavy Metal Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Anastasia Giannakoula ◽  
Ioannis Therios ◽  
Christos Chatzissavvidis
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Citrus Aurantium

Photosynthetic changes and antioxidant activity to oxidative stress were evaluated in sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) leaves subjected to lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and also Pb + Cu toxicity treatments, in order to elucidate the mechanisms involved in heavy metal tolerance. The simultaneous effect of Pb− and Cu on growth, concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), chlorophylls, flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolics, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic parameters were examined in leaves of Citrus aurantium L. plants. Exogenous application of Pb and Cu resulted in an increase in leaf H2O2 and lipid peroxidation (MDA). Toxicity symptoms of both Pb and Cu treated plants were stunted growth and decreased pigments concentration. Furthermore, photosynthetic activity of treated plants exhibited a significant decline. The inhibition of growth in Pb and Cu-treated plants was accompanied by oxidative stress, as indicated by the enhanced lipid peroxidation and the high H2O2 concentration. Furthermore, antioxidants in citrus plants after exposure to high Pb and Cu concentrations were significantly increased compared to control and low Pb and Cu treatments. In conclusion, this study indicates that Pb and Cu promote lipid peroxidation, disrupt membrane integrity, reduces growth and photosynthesis and inhibit mineral nutrition. Considering the potential for adverse human health effects associated with high concentrations of Pb and Cu contained in edible parts of citrus plants the study signals that it is important to conduct further research into the accessibility and uptake of the tested heavy metals in the soil and whether they pose risks to humans.

The Respiratory Burst of Phagocytic Cells: Facts and Problems

1982 ◽  
pp. 283-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Rossi ◽  
Paolo Bellavite ◽  
Giorgio Berton ◽  
Pietro Dri ◽  
Giuliano Zabucchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Phagocytic Cells

scholarly journals Subchronic Exposure to Cadmium Causes Persistent Changes in the Reproductive System in Female Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzenna Nasiadek ◽  
Marian Danilewicz ◽  
Michał Klimczak ◽  
Joanna Stragierowicz ◽  
Anna Kilanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Epithelium Thickness ◽  
Endometrial Epithelium ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Cd Exposure

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant and endocrine disruptor in humans and animals, and recent studies have illustrated that the uterus is exceedingly sensitive to Cd toxicity. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of subchronic (90 days) oral Cd exposure in daily doses of 0.09-4.5 mg/kg b.w. on the balance of sex hormones by estimating estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) concentrations in the uterus and plasma in comparison with the effects of 17β-E2. Additionally, the uterine weight, histopathological changes in the uterus and ovaries, the regularity of the estrous cycle, Cd bioaccumulation in uterine tissue, and selected biochemical parameters of oxidative stress were determined. A long period of observation (three and six months following the administration period) was used to assess whether the existing effects are reversible. The lowest dose of Cd caused effects similar to 17β-E2: an increase of E2 concentration in the uterus, endometrial epithelium thickness, and disturbed estrous cycle with estrus phase prolongation. The obtained results suggest that Cd causes nonlinear response. Higher doses of Cd caused a significant decrease in E2 concentration in the uterus and plasma, estrous cycle disturbances, endometrium atrophy, and structural damage in the ovaries. This dose additionally induces lipid peroxidation in the uterine tissues. It is noteworthy that a prolonged time of observation after terminating the exposure showed persistent changes in the concentration of E2 in uterine tissue, as well as alterations in estrous cycle phases, and an increase in lipid peroxidation in the uterus. Moreover, significant positive correlations between the plasma E2 concentration and endometrial epithelium thickness in all studied groups were found. In summary, subchronic oral Cd exposure of female rats may result in impaired fertility processes.

Lipid peroxidation induced by maternal cadmium exposure in mouse pups

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohui Xu ◽  
Yapin Jin ◽  
Zhaoliang Feng ◽  
Zhaofa Xu ◽  
Toshio Matsushita
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cadmium Exposure

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF POLYPHENOLIC FRACTION FROM RIVEA HYPOCRATERIFORMIS IN PARACETAMOL INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Shivakumar S. Godipurge ◽  
Naveen J. Biradar ◽  
Jaiprakash S. Biradar ◽  
Nitin Mahurkar
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was designed to chemical composition and hepatoprotective effects of a polyphenolic fraction of aerial parts of <em>R. hypocrateriformis </em>(PPFRH). It was shown to exhibit strong <em>in vitro</em> lipid peroxidation and scavenging activity against hydroxyl radical.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The chemical composition of a polyphenolic fraction of <em>R. hypocrateriformis</em> was analyzed by High-performance liquid chromatography method. Hepatocellular injuries induced by paracetamol were assessed by liver damage in Wistar albino rat; the hepatoprotective effect was evaluated by biochemical parameters in rat serum, antioxidant hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation in liver tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The polyphenolic fraction of aerial parts of <em>R. hypocrateriformis</em> for lipid peroxidation is significantly (p&lt;0.05). In the hepatoprotective activity of liver enzymes and hepatic necrosis were significantly (p&lt;0.001) closer to paracetamol. The correlation coefficient between the hydroxyl scavenging radical and total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be R² = 0.9045 and R² = 0.8876 suggesting the contribution of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of the polyphenolic fraction of aerial parts of <em>R. hypocrateriformis</em> by 90% and 88% to its radical scavenging activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The polyphenolic fraction of aerial parts of <em>R. hypocrateriformis</em> possesses a significant protective effect against acute hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol and which may be due to the phenolic and flavonoid components.</p>

Helium-neon laser-induced respiratory burst of phagocytic cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. I. Karu ◽  
T. P. Ryabykh ◽  
G. E. Fedoseyeva ◽  
N. I. Puchkova
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Neon Laser ◽  
Helium Neon Laser ◽  
Helium Neon
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