scholarly journals PENGARUH PRA-PERLAKUAN ADSORPSI KARBON AKTIF TERHADAP FOULING MEMBRAN ULTRAFILTRASI POLISULFON (UF-PSf) PADA PENYISIHAN BAHAN ORGANIK ALAMI (BOA) AIR GAMBUT

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Aulia Rahma ◽  
Mahmud Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Modified Fouling Index

Fouling merupakan salah satu kendala yang membatasi kinerja membran ultrafiltrasi (UF). Keberadaan Bahan Organik Alami (BOA) menjadi penyebab utama terjadinya fouling membran pada air gambut. Pra-perlakuan adsorpsi mampu menjadi solusi untuk mengurangi fouling dan meningkatkan performa membran UF polisulfon (UF-PSf). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki pengaruh pra-perlakuan adsoprsi terhadap perubahan nilai fluks pada membran UF- PSf, dan menganalisis model pembentukan fouling yang paling tepat untuk menggambarkan proses hibrid adsorpsi dan UF-PSf. Proses hibrid adsorpsi dan UF-PSf dilakukan pada kondisi optimum dengan pH 4 dan dosis optimum Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) 1040 mg/L pada tekanan 1-3 bar. Tekanan operasi terbaik terjadi pada tekanan 3 bar dengan nilai fluks permeat sebesar 85,064 L/m2.jam dan rejeksi BOA sebesar 85,24% (UV254) dan 85,07% (KMnO4). Modified Fouling Index (MFI) merupakan pemodelan yang tepat untuk menggambarkan pembentukan fouling pada proses hibrid adsorpsi dan UF-PSf pada penyisihan BOA air gambut. Tekanan 1 bar memiliki potensi fouling yang tinggi dengan nilai R2 sebesar 0,998.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN KINERJA MEMBRAN ULTRAFILTRASI ALIRAN DEAD-END PADA PENYISIHAN BAHAN ORGANIK DALAM EFLUEN IPAL DOMESTIK DENGAN PRA-PERLAKUAN ADSORPSI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Anisa Yuliani ◽  
Mahmud Mahmud ◽  
Chairul Abdi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Modified Fouling Index

Salah satu kendala yang membatasi kinerja membran ultrafiltrasi (UF) yaitu fouling membran.   Keberadaan Bahan Organik (BO) merupakan salah satu penyebab utama terjadinya fouling membran pada air efluen IPAL Domestik.  Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pra-perlakuan adsorpsi karbon aktif untuk mengurangii foulingi dani meningkatkani performai membrani UF. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengolahan air efluen dengan kondisi terbaik pada proses hibrid adsorpsi dan Ultrafiltrasi (UF) selulosa asetat (SA), serta menganalisis terbentuknya fouling membran pada proses hibrid adsorpsi dan UF-SA.  Karbon aktif yang digunakan pada rencana penelitian ini adalah Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC) dengan interval variasi dosis 25 mg/L pada rentang 25 mg/L-200mg/L serta pH 4.  Metode yang digunakan pada proses pra-perlakuan adsorpsi menggunakan sistem batch dengan pengadukan adsorpsi 180 rpm selama 240 menit.   Kemudian, dialirkan pada membran UF-SA menggunakan sistem aliran dead-end dengan variasi tekanan operasi 1-3 bar dengan interval 0,5 bar pada pH 4 selama 120 menit.   Selanjutnya dicari kondisi terbaik proses hibrid adsorpsi dan UF-SA dengan cara mengatur dosis optimum (dinaikkan maupun diturunkan), sehingga didapatkan tiga variasi dosis.   Analisis kandungan BO dilakukan melalui pengukuran parameter Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), UV254, E4/E6  , dan UV456 menggunakan TOC Analyzer dan Spektrofotometer UV serta karakterisasi membran dengan permeabilitas.   Hipotesis dari penelitian ini adalah pra-perlakuani adsorpsii karboni aktifi berpengaruh untuki mereduksii foulingi pada membrani UF-SA, dan model Modified Fouling Index (MFI) dapat menggambarkan pembentukan fouling pada proses hibrid adsorpsi dan UF-SA pada penyisihan air efluen.

Effect of operational modes on the removal of a synthetic organic chemical by powdered activated carbon during ultrafiltration

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Y. Matsui ◽  
A. Yuasa ◽  
F. Colas
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Chemical ◽  
Filtration Cycle ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemical ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Operational Modes

The effects of operational modes on the removal of a synthetic organic chemical (SOC) in natural water by powdered activated carbon (PAC) during ultrafiltration (UF) were studied, through model simulations and experiments. The removal percentage of the trace SOC was independent of its influent concentration for a given PAC dose. The minimum PAC dosage required to achieve a desired effluent concentration could quickly be optimized from the C/C0 plot as a function of the PAC dosage. The cross-flow operation was not advantageous over the dead-end regarding the SOC removal. Added PAC was re-circulated as a suspension in the UF loop for only a short time even under the cross-flow velocity of gt; 1.0 m/s. The cross-flow condition did not contribute much to the suspending of PAC. The pulse PAC addition at the beginning of a filtration cycle resulted in somewhat better SOC removal than the continuous PAC addition. The increased NOM loading on PAC which was dosed in a pulse and stayed longer in the UF loop could possibly further decrease the adsorption rate.

Fate of Toxic Organic Compounds in Activated Sludge and Integrated PAC Systems

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 471-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Weber ◽  
B. E. Jones ◽  
L. E. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Powdered Carbon ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Adsorptive Properties ◽  
Carbon Concentrations ◽  
Toxic Organic Compounds

The addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) to activated sludge treatment systems to enhance removal of specific toxic organic compounds from wastewater was evaluated. Nine organic compounds encompassing a range of solubility, volatility, biodegradability, and adsorptive properties were studied. Kate and equilibrium investigations were conducted to quantify the removal mechanisms of volatilization, biodegradation, biosorption, and carbon adsorption. Results from steady-state bioreactor studies showed that the addition of less than 100 mg/ℓ powdered activated carbon to the influent did not enhance the removal of the biodegradable target compounds investigated: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, chlorobenzene, and nitrobenzene. Significantly improved removals of the poorly degradable and non-biodegradable compounds 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, and lindane occurred at influent powdered carbon concentrations in the 12.5 to 25 mg/ℓ range. Influent powdered carbon concentrations of 100 mg/ℓ effected overall removals of greater than 90%. The addition of powdered activated carbon not only reduced effluent concentrations but also reduced the amounts of the volatile compounds stripped to the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Hazardous cyanobacteria integrity response to velocity gradient and powdered activated carbon in water treatment plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 145110
Author(s):  
Samylla Oliveira ◽  
Allan Clemente ◽  
Indira Menezes ◽  
Amanda Gois ◽  
Ismael Carloto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Velocity Gradient ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

scholarly journals Removal of organic pollutants from produced water by batch adsorption treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman Hashim Khader ◽  
Thamer Jassim Mohammed ◽  
Nourollah Mirghaffari ◽  
Ali Dawood Salman ◽  
Tatjána Juzsakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Powdered Activated Carbon ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Zeolite X

AbstractThis paper studied the adsorption of chemical oxygen demand (COD), oil and turbidity of the produced water (PW) which accompanies the production and reconnaissance of oil after treating utilizing powdered activated carbon (PAC), clinoptilolite natural zeolite (CNZ) and synthetic zeolite type X (XSZ). Moreover, the paper deals with the comparison of pollutant removal over different adsorbents. Adsorption was executed in a batch adsorption system. The effects of adsorbent dosage, time, pH, oil concentration and temperature were studied in order to find the best operating conditions. The adsorption isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin were investigated. Using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, the kinetics of oil sorption and the shift in COD content on PAC and CNZ were investigated. At a PAC adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/100 mL, maximum oil removal efficiencies (99.57, 95.87 and 99.84 percent), COD and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) were identified. Moreover, when zeolite X was used at a concentration of 0.25 g/100 mL, the highest turbidity removal efficiency (99.97%) was achieved. It is not dissimilar to what you would get with PAC (99.65 percent). In comparison with zeolites, the findings showed that adsorption over PAC is the most powerful method for removing organic contaminants from PW. In addition, recycling of the consumed adsorbents was carried out in this study to see whether the adsorbents could be reused. Chemical and thermal treatment will effectively regenerate and reuse powdered activated carbon and zeolites that have been eaten. Graphic abstract

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