scholarly journals Prevalence of Enteric Parasites among HIV Seropositive Patients and Co-Relation with CD4 T Cell Count

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 529-537
Author(s):  
Nagesh Vithalrao Abdagire ◽  
V.V. Chincholkar ◽  
S.L. Nilekar ◽  
S.R. More
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Enteric Parasites ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

scholarly journals Relationship between T Cell Activation and CD4+T Cell Count in HIV‐Seropositive Individuals with Undetectable Plasma HIV RNA Levels in the Absence of Therapy

2008 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Hunt ◽  
Jason Brenchley ◽  
Elizabeth Sinclair ◽  
Joseph M. McCune ◽  
Michelle Roland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Undetectable Plasma ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count ◽  
Rna Levels

scholarly journals Necrotizing Periodontal Diseases in a Semirural District of South Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Hamilton Wood ◽  
Elaine Blignaut ◽  
Johan Lemmer ◽  
Robin Meyerov ◽  
Liviu Feller
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hiv Serostatus ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Objectives. The aim of this study was to characterize the lesions of necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and necrotizing periodontitis (NP) with regard to extent and severity, and to correlate these parameters with the host HIV serostatus, CD4+ T-cell count, neutrophil count, age, and gender.Methods. Eighty-four consecutive patients, 39 black females and 45 black males aged 20–46 years, diagnosed with NG/NP were recruited to the study over a period of two years.Results. For both HIV-seropositive and -seronegative patients, the mandibular anterior gingiva was most frequently affected; 74% had NG/NP affecting ≥5 gingival tooth sites. Ninety percent of all patients had a mean severity of ≤4 mm. There was no statistically significant association between either extent or severity of NG/NP and HIV serostatus, CD4+ T-cell count, neutrophil count, age, or gender. The difference between the number of HIV-seropositive patients with NG/NP who had CD4+ T-cell counts ≤200 cells/mm3and those who had CD4+ T cell counts of 201–499 cells/mm3was not statistically significant.Conclusion. The clinical signs of NG/NP are similar in HIV-seropositive and -seronegative patients, and are not related to CD4+ T-cell count, to neutrophil count, to gender, or to age.

scholarly journals HIV-Associated Oral Mucosal Melanin Hyperpigmentation: A Clinical Study in a South African Population Sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chandran ◽  
L. Feller ◽  
J. Lemmer ◽  
R. A. G. Khammissa
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of HIV-associated oral mucosal melanin hyperpigmentation (HIV-OMH) in a specific population of HIV-seropositive South Africans and to analyse the associations between HIV-OMH clinical features and the demographic and immunological characteristics of the study cohort.Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study included 200 HIV-seropositive Black subjects. The collected data comprised age, gender, CD4+ T cell count, viral load, systemic disease, medications, oral site affected by HIV-OMH, extent (localized or generalized), intensity of the pigmentation (dark or light), and smoking and snuff use.Results. Overall, 18.5% of the study cohort had HIV-OMH. Twenty-two and a half percent had OMH that could not with confidence be attributed to HIV infection, and 59% did not have any OMH. There was a significant but weak association between smoking and the presence of HIV-OMH.Conclusions. The prevalence of HIV-OMH in the study population was 18.5%, the gingiva being the most commonly affected site. It appears that the CD4+ T cell count does not play any role in the biopathology of HIV-OMH.

scholarly journals Serological survey and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection among HIV-infected pregnant women attending Abuja Tertiary Hospital, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Maryam Zakari
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Hiv Seropositive ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Background Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy could induce miscarriage, congenital anomalies in foetuses and encephalitis in HIV-infected people. Hence, there is a need to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected pregnant women to inform clinicians about the significance of maternal toxoplasmosis in antenatal care.AimThis study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection, associated CD4+ T-cell profile and sociodemographic risk factors among pregnant women with or without HIV infection attending the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. MethodsThis hospital-based cross-sectional study involved blood samples collected from 160 HIV-infected and 160 HIV-seronegative pregnant women. These samples were analysed for anti-T. gondii (IgG and IgM) and CD4+ T-cell count using ELISA and flow cytometry, respectively. Sociodemographic variables of participants were collected using structured questionnaires. ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM was 28.8% and 3.8%, respectively. The seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM was 29.4% and 4.4%, respectively, among HIV-seropositive pregnant women and 28.1% and 3.1%, respectively, among HIV-seronegative women. There was no significant association between the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii-IgG and anti-T. gondii-IgM with age, gestational age, education level, parity or place of residence of HIV-infected pregnant women (P > 0.05). However, there was significant association between the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii-IgG (P = 0.03) and anti-T. gondii-IgM (P = 0.01) with education level. CD4+ T-cell count varied significantly between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected pregnant women (P = 0.035). Conclusion In this study, the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM did not differ in HIV-seropositive or HIV-seronegative pregnant women. However, women with primary T. gondii and HIV coinfection had lower CD4+ T-cell count than those with toxoplasmosis monoinfection.

The Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy on IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ Levels and their Relationship with HIV-RNA and CD4+ T Cells in HIV Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 354-361
Author(s):  
Gülay Okay ◽  
Meliha Meric Koc ◽  
Eray Metin Guler ◽  
Ayşegül Yabaci ◽  
Abdürrahim Kocyigit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Cd4 T Cell Count

Background: Serum cytokine levels over the course of HIV infection usually increase with immunosuppression and decrease after antiretroviral treatment (ART). Objectives: The aim of the study is to compare cytokine levels between HIV-infected patients (HIP) and controls and investigate the relationship between CD4+T cell count, HIV-RNA levels, and cytokine levels. Methods: The study subjects comprised ART-naive HIP (n=30) with no comorbidities and age-and sex-matched healthy controls. We measured levels of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in serum samples of HIP at the beginning and at month 6 of ART and in controls. Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 38.7 ±10.3 years, with men making up 86.7% of the study subjects (n=26). IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels were significantly higher in both ART-naive (p<0.001, p=0.002, p=0.001) and ART-experienced HIP (p<0.001) than controls. The IFN-γ level was lower in both ART-naive and ART-experienced HIP compared to controls (p=0.082 and p=0.002). There was a positive correlation between the CD4+T cell count and serum concentration of IFN- γ(r=0.320, p<0.05). While the serum IFN-γ concentration showed a negative correlation with the HIVRNA level(r=-0.412, p<0.001), the serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations showed a positive correlation with the HIV-RNA level (r=0.349, p<0.001; r:0.54, p<0.001; r:0.438, p<0.00). Conclusions: Although serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α showed a significant decrease after ART, they were still significantly higher than the controls. IFN-γ responded differently to ART compared to the other cytokines, indicating that it may play a distinct and important role in the pathogenesis of HIV infection.

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