scholarly journals Diversity of Insect Pests and Ecofriendly Fauna Inhabiting Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Agro-Ecosystem in Bundelkhand Region of Uttar Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 327-338
Author(s):  
Hari Prakash Namdev Ram Subhag Singh
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Beet Armyworm ◽  
Praying Mantis ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch

An experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Farm of Brahmanand Post Graduate College, Rath, Hamirpur (U.P.) during 2016-17 and 2019-20 cropping season. In the Bundelkhand agro climatic region seventeen species of insect belonging to seven orders and twelve families were recorded from chickpea agro ecosystem. Among which six species from Lepidoptera, four species from hymenoptera, two species from coleoptera and odonata and one species from hemiptera, isoptera, and dyctyoptera were identified. On the basis of economic importance nine species were insect pests, five species were predators, two species were insect parasitoids and one species was insect pollinator. Among the nine species of insect pests, chickpea pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera Hub. and gram cut worm, Agrotis ipsilon (Huf.) occurred regularly and chickpea pod borer was designated as a major pest while, gram cut worm infested with very low population density and considered as minor insect pest of chickpea. The five species of insect pest occurred occasionally i.e. armyworm, Mythmina separate (walker), tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fab), cow pea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch), termite, Odentotermes obesus (Rambur) and black flea beetle, Altica Species (unidentified species) were designated as minor pest of chickpea. While, two species namely, Bihar hairy caterpillar, Spilarctia obliqua (Walker) and beet armyworm, Spodoptera oxiqua (Hub) occurred intermittently in sporadic manner and designated as stray pest of chickpea. The eight species of insect’s ecofriendly fauna inhabiting chickpea agro ecosystem were observed, among which five species of predators, two species of parasitoids and one species of pollinators foraged on chickpea crop occasionally in very low population density. The maximum number of ecofriendly fauna was of the order hymenoptera, two species of parasitoids, one species of predators and pollinator i.e. Trichogrammatid wasp, Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii), ichneumonid wasp, Campoletis chloridae (Uchida), common yellow wasp, Vespa oreintalis (L.) and small honeybee, Apis floraea followed by odonata i.e. dragonfly, Croccothemis servielia (Drury) and damsel fly, Agriocnemis pygmiea (Rambur), coleoptera, rove beetle, Alleochara billienata and dyctyoptera, praying mantis, Mantis religiosa (L.).

scholarly journals Field assessment of blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) genotypes against major insect pests in subtropical region of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-255
Author(s):  
Saraswati Neupane ◽  
Subash Subedi ◽  
Rajendra Darai ◽  
Trista Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Subtropical Region ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
National Recommendation ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch

Direct damage due to insect pests is one of the major causes limiting the yield potential of blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) in Nepal. A total of 17 blackgram genotypes were screened for resistance to major insect pests, including aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch.), whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.), hairy caterpillar (Spilosoma obliqua Walker) and pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) in National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan during summer season of 2018 and 2019. The design of the experiment was randomized complete block having three replications. Genotypes were sown on first week of August in a unit plot size of 4 rows of 2 m long with 40 cm row to row spacing and continue plant to plant spacing was maintained and net harvested plot was 3.2 square meters. The recommended dose of fertilizer was 20:40:20 N:P2O5:K2O kg/ha and seed rate 25 kg/ha. The package of agronomic practices was followed as per national recommendation. Data on insects were collected by counting the number of insects per plant. The yield and yield components were recorded at harvest. All screened genotypes differed significantly (p<0.05) for insect population, yield and yield components. From two years field data, three genotypes BLG0069-1, BLG0036-1 and BLG0079-1 had lower number of above mentioned insect populations, exhibited more resistant in both years and produced higher grain yield (~1.5 t/ha) than other genotypes. These genotypes might be useful for the development of major insect pest tolerant high yielding blackgram variety in subtropical region of Nepal.

Infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes against the legume pod-borer, Maruca vitrata Fabricius, infesting pigeon pea

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pervez ◽  
U. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Maruca Vitrata ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Legume Pod Borer ◽  
Maximum Penetration

Abstract The legume pod-borer, Maruca vitrata Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (LPB), is an important insect pest of pigeon pea. Chemical pesticides are generally employed to manage this pest, but because of the soil residue issues and other environmental hazards associated with their use, biopesticides are also in demand. Another benign alternative is to use entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) to manage this vital pest. In the present study, the infectivity of ten native EPNs was evaluated against LPB by assessing their penetration and production in the LPB. The effectiveness of the promising EPNs against second-, third- and fourth-instar LPB larvae was also studied. Heterorhabditis sp. (Indian Agricultural Research Institute-Entomopathogenic Nematodes Rashid Pervez (IARI-EPN RP) 06) and Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08) were found to be most pathogenic to LPB, resulting in about 100% mortality within 72 h, followed by Steinernema sp. (IARI-EPN RP 03 and 09). Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 04) was found to be the least pathogenic to LPB larva with 67% mortality. Maximum penetration was exhibited by Heterorhabditis sp. (IARI-EPN RP 06) followed by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08), whereas the lowest rate of penetration was exhibited by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 01). The highest rate of production was observed with Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08), followed by Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 04 and 10). Among the tested instars of the LPB larvae, second-instar larvae were more susceptible to EPNs, followed by third- and fourth-instar larvae. The results indicate that Heterorhabditis sp. (IARI-EPN RP 06) and Oscheius sp. (IARI-EPN RP 08) have a good potential to the manage LPB.

scholarly journals Efficacy of some insecticides against insect pests of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Altaf Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Insect Infestations ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Thrips Population

Efficacy and profitability of insecticidal management practices using different insecticides were tested against insect pests of mungbean at Pulses Research Center, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh during two consecutive seasons of kharif-1 2013 and 2014. Insect infestations were reduced significantly by the application of synthetic insecticides. Spraying of Imidachloprid (Imitaf 20 SL) @ 0.5 ml/l of water showed the best efficacy in reducing flower infestation and thrips population followed by Fipronil (Regent 50 SC). Spraying of Thiamethoxam + Chlorantraneliprol (Voliam flexi 300 SC) @ 0.5 ml/l of water showed the best efficacy in reducing pod borer and flea beetle infestations. Spraying of Fipronil (Regent 50 SC) performed highest efficacy against stemfly infestation. The yield and the highest net return were obtained from Voliam flexi 300 SC, the highest benefit was obtained from Regent 50 SC treated plots. This might be due to the higher cost of Voliam flexi that reduced the profit margin and showed the lower marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) compared to Regent. Therefore, considering the efficacy and benefit, spraying of Fipronil (Regent 50 SC) @ 0.5 ml/l is the most profitable insecticidal management approach against insect pests of mungbean followed by Imidachloprid (Imitaf 20 SL) at the same dose.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 657-667, December 2015

Insect pest incidence in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp) in Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Sundar Pal ◽  
Prabhat Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Pest Incidence ◽  
Blister Beetle

season, 2019. A category of insect was recorded on four sucking and six solid feeder insect. The population of Jassid, cowbug and leaf webber were recorded from 32nd SW to 50th SW where population rang was 0.33±0.58-6.67±2.31, 0.67±0.19-3.00±0.33 and 1.33±0.58-9.33±0.58 insect/week, respectively. The maximum population of pod bug (10.67±1.53 bug/plant/week), green bug (5.00±1.0053 bug/plant/week), spotted pod borer (8.67±0.58 larvae/plant/week), blister beetle (2.67±1.15 adults/plant/week), pod fly (5.00±1.00 larvae/plant/week), pod borer (8.33±0.58 larvae/plant/week) and plum moth (4.33±0.58 larvae/plant/week) were recorded from 10th, 44th, 48th, 44th, 45th, 49th and 49th SW, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of Silicon fertilization on two major insect pests of tomato under greenhouse conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aqeel Alyousuf ◽  
Dawood Hamid ◽  
Mohsen A. Desher ◽  
Amin Nikpay ◽  
Henk-Marten Laane
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Leaf Miner ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Soil Drench ◽  
Tomato Leaf Miner ◽  
Acid Formulation

Abstract Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) is an important vegetable crop in Iraq. This horticultural crop is attacked by several insect pest species. Among them, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and the tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) are the major threat of greenhouse tomatoes in Basrah province in south Iraq. The management of these pests is heavily based on application of chemical pesticides. Vast application of pesticides caused harmful damage to the environment, human health and may increasing the risk of pest resistance on insect populations. One of the promising strategies which are compatible with organic farming is application of silicon for enhancing plant vigor and resistance to pest damage on various agricultural crops. Due to these facts, the experiments have been carried out at Basrah University to evaluate the effects of silicon (Si) fertilization on tomato plants for reducing damage of these two major pests. Treatments comprised two type of Si applications (Soil drench treatment and foliar spraying) with four Si concentrations (0, 0.5, 1 and 2%) of AB Yellow ® silicic acid formulation. The population density of B. tabaci and T. absoluta were studied weekly during the growth season. The results clearly demonstrated that Silicon applications significantly decreased the population of immature of both whiteflies and tomato leaf miner on tomato crop in the greenhouse; Si-Foliar spraying was more effective in reducing the population density of these key pests compared to Si- soil drench application.

scholarly journals Bean Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Abundance in Soybean Fields Protected and Unprotected by Shelterbelts

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Danielson ◽  
J. R. Brandle ◽  
L. Hodges ◽  
P. Srinivas
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Leaf Beetles ◽  
Bean Leaf Beetle ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
The University

The bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a major insect pest of soybean in Nebraska and throughout much of the Midwest. This insect overwinters in the adult stage in litter in wooded areas such as shelterbelts. Historically, crop producers have been unsure of the merits of shelterbelts, especially if nearby crops are more likely to be infested by insect pests as a result. In this study, bean leaf beetle adults were sampled during the season by visually counting the number of beetles found on soybean plants early in the season and by sweep net sampling once plants were at the V4 stage (approximately 0.33 m tall). Sampling was done in 1997 and 1998 at the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research and Development Center in Saunders Co. in east-central Nebraska. Beetle counts were compared between shelterbelt-protected and -unprotected fields. In general, bean leaf beetles were more numerous in 1997 than in 1998, with abundance peaks occurring in late-July and early-September in both years. There were significant differences in bean leaf beetle counts from protected and unprotected fields on only three of the 11 and four of the 13 sampling dates in 1997 and 1998, respectively. On the sampling dates when significant differences were found, two of three in 1997 and three of four in 1998 had higher bean leaf beetle abundance in the protected soybean fields. The results of this study indicate a tendency for more bean leaf beetles in shelterbelt-protected soybean fields when differences are found, but beetle numbers were not significantly different between protected and unprotected fields on the majority of sample dates in the two years of this study. This study also reconfirms the presence of two generations of the bean leaf beetle in Nebraska.

Evaluation of IPM module against major insect pests of green gram, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek in lower Gangetic plains of West Bengal

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Suprava Malik ◽  
Amitava Banerjee ◽  
A. Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of integrated management practices over farmers’ practices against insect pest complex of green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) during kharif season in the ‘A-B’ Block Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya in 2019. The results revealed that the incidence of all of the insect pests viz. whitefly, pulse aphid, jassid, flower thrips, gram pod borer, spotted pod borer, blue butterfly, plant bug and pod bug was recorded comparatively less in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) plot as compared to farmers’ practices. The seed yield of green gram was also recorded a higher (1382.22 kg ha-1) in plots treated with integrated approaches as compared to farmer’s practices (476.94 kg ha-1). IPM module recorded maximum cost benefit ratio along with higher gross return and net profit as against farmers’ practices.

scholarly journals The spatial genetic differentiation of the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata F. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) populations in West Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Agunbiade ◽  
B.S. Coates ◽  
K.S. Kim ◽  
D. Forgacs ◽  
V.M. Margam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Geographic Distance ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Maruca Vitrata ◽  
Global Estimate ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Legume Pod Borer

AbstractThe legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata, is an endemic insect pest that causes significant yield loss to the cowpea crop in West Africa. The application of population genetic tools is important in the management of insect pests but such data on M. vitrata is lacking. We applied a set of six microsatellite markers to assess the population structure of M. vitrata collected at five sites from Burkina Faso, Niger and Nigeria. Observed polymorphisms ranged from one (marker 3393) to eight (marker 32008) alleles per locus. Observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.0 to 0.8 and 0.0 to 0.6, respectively. Three of the loci in samples from Nigeria and Burkina Faso deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE), whereas no loci deviated significantly in samples from Niger. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 67.3% level of the genetic variation was within individuals compared to 17.3% among populations. A global estimate of FST=0.1 (ENA corrected FST=0.1) was significant (P⩽0.05) and corroborated by pairwise FST values that were significant among all possible comparisons. A significant correlation was predicted between genetic divergence and geographic distance between subpopulations (R2=0.6, P=0.04), and cluster analysis by the program STRUCTURE predicted that co-ancestry of genotypes were indicative of three distinct populations. The spatial genetic variance among M. vitrata in West Africa may be due to limited gene flow, south-north seasonal movement pattern or other reproductive barriers. This information is important for the cultural, chemical and biological control strategies for managing M. vitrata.

scholarly journals Influence of Intercropping on Larval Population of Chickpea Pod Borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 319-326
Author(s):  
Hari Prakash Namdev Ram Subhag Singh ◽  
Bharat Lal Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

A field experiment on influence of intercropping on the larval population of chickpea pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) in chickpea was conducted at Agricultural Research Farm of Brahmanand Post Graduate College, Rath, Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh during 2016-17 and 2019-20. In Bundelkhand agro-climatic region the activity of chickpea pod borer was observed from last week of December to last week of March while, its peak activity was noticed at 9th, 10th and 11th SMW in chickpea agro-ecosystem. The infestation of chickpea pod borer (H. armigera) larvae was started from last week of December when the crop was in vegetative growth stage. Thereafter, its population increase gradually to reach maximum (1.72 larvae/mrl) at 10th standard (first fortnight of March) after that its population declined gradually till the harvesting of the crop. The chickpea intercropped with safflower, mustard, linseed, barley and marigold had significant influence in reducing the larval population of chickpea pod borer (H. armigera). The chickpea intercropped with marigold (0.71larva/mrl) and mustard (0.75larva/mrl) was found the most effective in reducing the larval population of H. armigera. It was followed by chickpea + linseed, chickpea + barley and chickpea + safflower intercropping systems. The maximum population of chickpea pod borer was observed in chickpea sole crop (1.07larvae/mrl).

scholarly journals Mutants and weather parameters affecting the population dynamics of three major insect pests of Mungbean

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
MMH Khan ◽  
MM Islam ◽  
M Asaduzzaman ◽  
MN Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Farm ◽  
Aphid Abundance

The study was conducted to know the abundance of aphid, flea beetle and pod borer on the mutants viz., MBM-07-Y-1, MBM-07-Y-2, MBM- 656-51-2, MBM-527-114, MBM-07-(S)-2, MBM-347-13, MBM-390-94-Y, MBM-427-87-3, MBM-80 (Local) and a variety BARI moog-6 and the role of weather parameters on the population dynamics of insects at the Agricultural Farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University from April to June, 2015. Results revealed that the tested mutants did not show resistance against aphid, flea beetle and pod borer. Mutant MBM- 347-13 had the lowest number of flea beetle while mutant MBM-427-87- 3, MBM-80(LCAL) and MBM-527-114 had the highest number of flea beetle indicating higher susceptibility to flea beetle. Mutant MBM-390-94- Y had the lowest abundance of aphid while BARI moog-6 had highest aphid abundance. Mutant MBM-347-13 had lowest number of pod borer and MBM-427-87-3 had highest abundance of pod borer followed by MBM-07(S)-2 and BARI moog-6. Flea beetle abundance gradually increased with decreasing average temperature while aphid and pod borer abundance gradually increased with increasing average temperature. In case of humidity, flea beetle abundance increased very slightly with increasing average humidity but aphid abundance increased very slightly with increasing average humidity. Pod borer abundance was low with high average humidity and then increased slightly due to decrease of humidity and finally declined with increasing humidity. SAARC J. Agri., 16(2): 1-12 (2018)

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