Neonatal Septicemia and Drug Resistance; 2 Year Prospective Study

Neonatal sepsis is a worldwide problem with the prevalence at 1 to10 per 1000 live birth and one of the indicator for measuring the health status of a nation. According to WHO there are about 5 million neonatal death per year with 98% occurring in developing countries. Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat worldwide. Blood culture is considered as the gold standard technique for diagnosis of neonatal septicemia. The main objectives includes, to know the various bacteria causing neonatal septicemia and their antibiogram. To detect drug resistance among the isolated bacteria. A Prospective study was done over a period of 2 year. Blood samples for culture were collected aseptically before starting antibiotic therapy and subcultures were performed. The isolates were identified by standard biochemical tests and antibiogram of the isolates were studied. Out of 360 cases 160 were bacteriologically positive, Klebsiella was the most common organism isolated (21%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (20%) Acinetobacter (15%), Pseudomonas (13%). Maximum sensitivity was seen by Linezolid, Erythromycin for Gram positive organisms and Gram negative organisms were sensitive to Piperacillin/ Tazobactum, Imipenem, Levofloxacin, Meropenem. Knowledge of likely causative organism causing neonatal septicemia can help in instituting prompt and appropriate therapy which in turn reduce morbidity and mortality.

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Baseline and Kinetic Circulating Tumor Cell Counts Are Prognostic Factors in a Prospective Study of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11030502 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 502

Author(s):

Virgílio Souza e Silva ◽

Emne Ali Abdallah ◽

Angelo Borsarelli Carvalho de Brito ◽

Alexcia Camila Braun ◽

Milena Shizue Tariki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Predictive Biomarkers ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Potential Clinical Benefit ◽

A Prospective Study

The discovery of predictive biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is essential to improve clinical outcomes. Recent data suggest a potential role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as prognostic indicators. We conducted a follow-on analysis from a prospective study of consecutive patients with mCRC. CTC analysis was conducted at two timepoints: baseline (CTC1; before starting chemotherapy), and two months after starting treatment (CTC2). CTC isolation/quantification were completed by ISET® (Rarecells, France). CTC expressions of drug resistance-associated proteins were evaluated. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by the Kaplan–Meier method. Seventy-five patients were enrolled from May 2012 to May 2014. A CTC1 cut-off of >1.5 CTCs/mL was associated with an inferior median OS compared to lower values. A difference of CTC2−CTC1 > 5.5 CTCs/mL was associated with a reduced median PFS. By multivariate analysis, CTC1 > 1.5 CTCs/mL was an independent prognostic factor for worse OS. Multi-drug resistance protein-1 (MRP-1) expression was associated with poor median OS. CTC baseline counts, kinetics, and MRP-1 expression were predictive of clinical outcomes. Larger studies are warranted to explore the potential clinical benefit of treating mCRC patients with targeted therapeutic regimens guided by CTC findings.

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Investigations on the Aetiology and Antibiotic Management of Neonatal Septicemia

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi28.5-6.1988.105-15 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (5-6) ◽

pp. 105-15

Author(s):

Hans Eldih Monintja

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Neonatal Sepsis ◽

Standard Treatment ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Third Generation ◽

Neonatal Septicemia ◽

E Coli ◽

The Third ◽

Antibiotic Management ◽

A Prospective Study

This is a prospective study aimed in identifying the latest aetiological factors of neonatal sepsis in Dr. Cipto General Hospital, Jakarta, and investigating the efficacy of antibiotics treatment especially with ceftriaxone. This study revealed that the present main causative microorganisms are as follows: Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and E. coli. The case fatality rates being: (1) Standard treatment with ampicillin and gentamycin: 80.9%, (2) S(andard treatment with consomittant ceftriaxone: 20%, (3) Ceftriaxone: 9,52%. It seems that in facing neonatal septicemia, the initial antibiotic should be the third generation cephalosporine. The second choice is chloramphenicol. However, the causative agent and the sensitivity test should be monitored regularly.

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Exchange Transfusion for Severe Neonatal Septicemia

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.67.6.941a ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 67 (6) ◽

pp. 941-941

Author(s):

Emilio Bossi ◽

Beat Meister ◽

Juerg Pfenninger

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Exchange Transfusion ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Neonatal Septicemia ◽

A Prospective Study

Exchange transfusion (ET) for neonatal septicemia is commonly used in many centers. To our knowledge, however, no controlled study on its efficacy has yet been published. Authors usually report satisfying clinical impressions or compare the mortality of newborns with septicemia treated with ET to the results generally reported or experienced in their unit prior to the introduction of this form of treatment. During a four-year period, we have performed a prospective study on our patients.

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Prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in antiretroviral-naive patients: a prospective study

AIDS ◽

10.1097/00002030-200103300-00017 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 647-650 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Werner Verbiest ◽

Stephen Brown ◽

Calvin Cohen ◽

Marcus Conant ◽

Keith Henry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Prospective Study ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Hiv 1

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Re-evaluation of transvenous lead extraction with modified standard technique: A prospective study in 229 patients

Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Medical Sciences] ◽

10.1007/s11596-013-1175-y ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 650-655

Author(s):

Xian-ming Chu ◽

Xue-bin Li ◽

Ping Zhang ◽

Long Wang ◽

Ding Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Standard Technique ◽

Lead Extraction ◽

A Prospective Study

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A prospective study of critical methods of amniotic fluid volume assessment

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20172927 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 3021

Author(s):

Mayur Rajendra Gandhi

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Standard Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Fluid Volume ◽

Amniotic Fluid Index ◽

Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽

Abdominal Palpation ◽

Volume Assessment ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Adequate amniotic fluid volume (AFV) is required for fetal well-being and its assessment is taken as the single most important variable in fetal biophysical scoring system. I have critically evaluated various methods of amniotic fluid volume assessment keeping Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) as the standard technique of Amniotic Fluid Volume (AFV) assessment.Methods: This was a prospective study where all patients were assessed for amniotic fluid volume at one sitting first by abdominal palpation followed by ultrasonographic assessment by various methods. Critical analysis of each individual method of amniotic fluid volume assessment was carried out for its sensitivity and specificity with regard to oligohydramnios, polyhydramnios and euamnios keeping AFI as the standard technique of AFV assessment. Effort was made to find out the best possible method of AFV assessment.Results: Almost all methods are reasonably effective in assessment of normal AFV. For assessment of oligohydraamnios 2cm x 2cm pocket and Maximum Vertical Pocket (MVP) depth (of 2 cm rule) methods are most suitable whereas other methods were found to be inappropriate. For assessment of polyhydramnios with regard to specificity MVP depth (>8cm) is reliable but with regard to sensitivity, subjective assessment and abdominal palpation are more reliable.Conclusions: When we compare all methods of AFV assessment, AFI and MVP depth (of 2 cm rule) have better correlation. Hence these methods are suggested for AFV studies in current clinical settings.

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Chlamydial Urethritis in Heterosexual Men Attending a Genitourinary Medicine Clinic: Prevalence, Symptoms, Condom Usage and Partner Change

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/095646249500600106 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 27-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

J M Zelin ◽

A J Robinson ◽

G L Ridgway ◽

E Allason-Jones ◽

P Williams

Keyword(s):

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Heterosexual Men ◽

Causative Organism ◽

College Hospital ◽

Condom Usage ◽

Male Patients ◽

Genitourinary Medicine ◽

Partner Change ◽

A Prospective Study

A prospective study of 356 consecutive heterosexual male patients attending the Department of Genitourinary Medicine at University College Hospital was carried out to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis. Patients were asked about their symptoms, use of condoms and change of sexual partner. The prevalence of non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU—chlamydia positive and negative urethritis) was 37% (131 of 356). C. trachomatis was shown to be the causative organism in 24% (31 of 131) of patients with NGU. The prevalence of other STDs in men with C. trachomatis and with non-chlamydial urethritis was 15% and 10% respectively. Men with C. trachomatis were significantly more likely than men with non-chlamydial urethritis to be asymptomatic (56% vs 35%). The prevalence of C. trachomatis was highest in men who had changed partner in the previous 3 months (20 of 32 men). A third of men never used condoms in the first 3 months of a new relationship and over half failed to use them after 3 months. There was no evidence that the reported use of condoms reduced the rate of infection with C. trachomatis.

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Treatment adherence among sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Xinjiang, China: a prospective study

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c7ra11820a ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (16) ◽

pp. 8983-8989

Author(s):

Xinji Gong ◽

Yuehua Li ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Gang Wu ◽

Ayinuer Mohemaiti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Drug Therapy ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Treatment Adherence ◽

Sputum Smear ◽

Great Effort ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Despite great effort to control tuberculosis (TB), low treatment adherence threatens the success of drug therapy, increases the risk of TB transmission, and leads to the development of drug resistance.

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