scholarly journals Investigations on the Aetiology and Antibiotic Management of Neonatal Septicemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 105-15
Author(s):  
Hans Eldih Monintja
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Neonatal Septicemia ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Third ◽  
Antibiotic Management ◽  
A Prospective Study

This is a prospective study aimed in identifying the latest aetiological factors of neonatal sepsis in Dr. Cipto General Hospital, Jakarta, and investigating the efficacy of antibiotics treatment especially with ceftriaxone. This study revealed that the present main causative microorganisms are as follows: Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and E. coli. The case fatality rates being: (1) Standard treatment with ampicillin and gentamycin: 80.9%, (2) S(andard treatment with consomittant ceftriaxone: 20%, (3) Ceftriaxone: 9,52%. It seems that in facing neonatal septicemia, the initial antibiotic should be the third generation cephalosporine. The second choice is chloramphenicol. However, the causative agent and the sensitivity test should be monitored regularly.

High-Dose Cyclophosphamide and Dexamethasone in Paraquat Poisoning: A Prospective Study

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Perriëns ◽  
S. Benimadho ◽  
I. Lie Kiauw ◽  
J. Wisse ◽  
H. Chee
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Fluid Replacement ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Paraquat Poisoning ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Urine Testing

Between March 1986 and March 1988, 47 consecutive patients, whose paraquat intoxication was confirmed by urine testing, were enrolled in a prospective study on the treatment of paraquat poisoning. Fourteen received a standard treatment regimen consisting of fluid replacement and oral absorbents, and 33 received high-dose cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone, in addition to standard therapy. The case fatality rate in both treatment groups (63 and 61%) was similar. In addition, all 26 patients whose paraquat serum concentrations were measured and who had a probability of survival of less than 65% according the survival curve of Hart et al. died, regardless of therapy. These included four in the cyclophosphamide/dexamethasone group and two in the standard treatment group who had prior survival probabilities between 50 and 65%. This indicated that the cut-off curve relating mortality and paraquat serum concentrations was similar in both treatment groups. High-dose cyclophosphamide/dexamethasone treatment is unlikely to improve the prognosis of paraquat poisoning.

scholarly journals Does an Increase in the Sensitivity of Serum Thyrotropin Assays Reduce Diagnostic Costs for Thyroid Disease in the Community?

1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 547-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P J Vanderpump ◽  
R H Neary ◽  
K Manning ◽  
R N Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
First Line ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Thyroxine Therapy ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Serum Tsh

Many authorities now advocate that the first-line assessment of thyroid function should be measurement of thyrotropin (TSH). The latest serum TSH assays (third generation) are more sensitive than the second generation but the reagents are more costly. We have examined whether overall assay reagent costs would be higher or lower with a third-generation assay, in a laboratory that serves a population of almost 500 000. In a prospective study over six weeks, 505 samples with a second-generation serum TSH less than 0.5 mU/L (303 for screening and 202 for monitoring thyroxine therapy) had an additional third-generation TSH analysis. With a second-generation assay for screening, 11% more free thyroxine (FT4) measurements were required to exclude thyrotoxicosis but there was a 42% saving on the reagent budget compared with a third-generation assay. In patients taking thyroxine, 33% more FT4 measurements were required to exclude over-replacement but the calculated saving in reagent costs was 53%. The costs of all other aspects of the two methods were similar. In this community-based sample, the improvement in sensitivity yielded by the third-generation assay at the lower end of the normal range reduced the number of confirmatory FT4 levels required to exclude thyrotoxicosis or over-replacement with thyroxine, but reagent costs were nevertheless higher than for second-generation assays. In financial terms, there is little justification for use of assays with sensitivity greater than the second generation (0.1 mU/L).

The use of Sertraline in Psychiatric Practice

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
N. Zivlak - Radulovic ◽  
M. Miskovic ◽  
D. Zoric ◽  
T. Maglov ◽  
D. Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Serotonin Reuptake ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
First Time

Sertraline is an antidepressant of the third generation of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is simple to use and has a wide application in treating various psychiatric disorders, but with much less pronounced side effects.The aim of this study is to establish the frequency and adverse effects in users of sertraline during clinical treatment.The method of work was a prospective study which comprised 30 participants who came for a medical examination for the first time and who had a valid indication for drug suitability. The patients were observed during the following two control check-ups. The findings thus gathered were statistically analysed and shown on the graphs.Conclusion:The examination has shown that the possible side effects of sertraline are rare and mainly of temporary nature, and confirm the effectiveness and safety of sertraline in routine clinical practice.

Pulmonary hypertension in late onset neonatal sepsis using functional echocardiography: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujata Deshpande ◽  
Pradeep Suryawanshi ◽  
Shrikant Holkar ◽  
Yogen Singh ◽  
Rameshwor Yengkhom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals Serum Procalcitonin and C Reactive Protein in as early markers neonatal sepsis- A prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
One Year ◽  
A Prospective Study

Neonatal sepsis is one of the commonest causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates in India compared to the developed countries. Aim: To evaluate the Procalcitonin level this is an early marker in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis and to assess the suitability of this test in the diagnosis of early-onset sepsis. Method: The prospective study was conducted in the Neonatal Division of Department of Pediatrics, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences over a period of one year. The blood samples from 100 babies meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria constituted the material for study. Result: Among the n=100 cases n=39 were procalcitonin positive, compared with gestational age 10 (43.5%) cases were positive with a gestation of <37 weeks and 24 (31.2%) cases positive of cases >37 weeks and there was no statistical significance concerning gestational age the association of material characteristics with procalcitonin positive and CRP positive levels. Blood culture was positive in n=9 (9%) of babies with (90% CI, 5.3-14.9) and negative in n=91 (91%) of babies with (90% CI, 85.2-94.7). Conclusion: A positive blood culture is the only definitive and gold standard for confirming a case of sepsis. Since the culture and sensitivity test requires a minimum period of 48 hours which is a precious time in deciding on the treatment of sepsis in the newborn. Rapid diagnosis by using Procalcitonin and CRP gives a reasonable degree of accuracy in diagnosing neonatal sepsis and will also guide antibiotic therapy. Procalcitonin in comparison with CRP has better sensitivity and hence can detect most cases of neonatal sepsis and better negative predictive value.

Tobacco use in the third trimester of pregnancy and its relationship to birth weight. A prospective study in Spain

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. e134-e139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Vila Candel ◽  
Francisco J. Soriano-Vidal ◽  
Enrique Hevilla Cucarella ◽  
Enrique Castro-Sánchez ◽  
José M. Martin-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
A Prospective Study

A prospective study of neonatal sepsis and meningitis in Southern Israel

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 768-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID GREENBERG ◽  
ERIC S. SHINWELL ◽  
PABLO YAGUPSKY ◽  
SHRAGIT GREENBERG ◽  
EUGENE LEIBOVITZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals Stroke in Young Adults: A Prospective Study from Northwestern Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Owolabi ◽  
A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Cardiac Diseases ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
Medical Wards ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Stroke In Young

Background. Stroke is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in young adults especially in developing countries. This two-centre prospective study aimed at reviewing the pattern, types, and case fatality of stroke in the young adults in Northwestern part of Nigeria. Methods. Consecutive patients aged 18–40 years admitted to the medical wards of two tertiary hospitals from June 2008 to August 2010 were recruited. Relevant clinical data were obtained from the patients.The survivors were followed up in neurology clinics for 6 months. Results. A total of 71 patients aged 18–40 yrs, (mean age was ) comprising 52(73%) males and 19(23%) females were enrolled. Forty two (59.1%) patients had infarctive stroke. The risk factors included hypertension (74.7%) patients, smoking (50.7%), hypercholesterolemia (9.9%), non-hypertensive cardiac diseases (8.5%), HIV (8.5%), diabetes mellitus (4.2%) cocaine and amphetamine (2.8%), and sickle cell disease (2.8%). Only twelve (17%) patients presented within the first 6 hours of onset of stroke. Seventeen (23.9 %) patients died, case fatality in the first 24 and 72 hrs was 4.2% and 19.7%, respectively. Conclusion. Our data suggests that stroke in young adults is not as uncommon as previously suggested. Hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, cardiac diseases and HIV are the most common risk factors.

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