Measurement of total nitrogen and assimilable nitrogen in grape juice to assess vine nitrogen status

OENO One ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelis Van Leeuwen ◽  
Philippe Friant ◽  
Jean-Pierre Soyer ◽  
Ch. Molot ◽  
Xavier Choné ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Status ◽  
Assimilable Nitrogen

<p style="text-align: justify;">Five indicators of vine nitrogen status were compared for their accuracy to differentiate two levels of nitrogen fertilization (0 and 45 kg N / ha) : petiole total nitrogen content, leaf blade color intensity measured by a device called “N-tester”, grape juice total nitrogen content, grape juice assimilable nitrogen content and grape juice ammonium content. Differences in must total nitrogen content and must assimilable nitrogen content were highly significant between fertilization levels. They can be considered as two powerful tools to assess vine nitrogen status. Levels of must total nitrogen content and must assimilable nitrogen content were highly correlated.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mineralizing must in order to measure its total nitrogen content is difficult, mainly because of the presence of large amounts of sugar. This operation can take more than 12 hours and it can fail because of caramelization and the appearance of foam. We propose mineralizing must by means of microwave. Complete mineralization was obtained in only one hour. No foam or caramelization was observed on any of the samples mineralized.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Vine nitrogen uptake is likely to vary to a considerable extend with soil parameters, even if no nitrogen fertilization is applied. Figuring among those parameters are: soil organic matter content, organic matter C/N ratio and soil organic matter turnover. The latter depends mainly on soil temperature, soil aeration, soil pH and soil moisture content. Differences in vine nitrogen status depending on the soil type were clearly evidenced by measuring must total nitrogen and must assimilable nitrogen at ripeness. Limited nitrogen uptake, as a result of particular soil conditions, can limit vine vigor and be a quality enhancing factor in red grape production. This emphasizes the role of moderate environmental stress in the production of high quality potential grapes.</p>

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilization of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines: yield, total nitrogen content in the leaves and must composition

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Lorensini ◽  
Carlos Alberto Ceretta ◽  
Cledimar Rogério Lourenzi ◽  
Lessandro De Conti ◽  
Tadeu Luis Tiecher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon

scholarly journals Long-term effect of tillage, nitrogen fertilization and cover crops on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content

2011 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Mazzoncini ◽  
Tek Bahadur Sapkota ◽  
Paolo Bàrberi ◽  
Daniele Antichi ◽  
Rosalba Risaliti
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Long Term Effect

Soil Improvement of Pinus yunnanensis Forest at Different Age in Central Yunnan Plateau

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2565-2568
Author(s):  
Jin Xia Wu ◽  
Yan Xia Wang ◽  
Qi Bo Chen ◽  
Zhi Long Tong
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Planted Forest ◽  
Pinus Yunnanensis ◽  
Natural Water Content

Took the Pinus yunnanensis forest as the research object, and took planted forest for control, carried on a research in soil physicochemical properties of different forest ages of Pinus yunnanensis. The results show that: For secondary forests at different ages, (1) middle-aged forest has the smallest soil bulk density and largest soil natural water content. Compared with the same age planted forest, secondary forest has smaller soil bulk density and larger soil natural water content.(2) Middle-aged forest has the smallest soil pH value, and the tallest total nitrogen content and soil organic matter in the 0-20cm soil layer. Compared with the same age planted forest, secondary forest has smaller pH value. While its soil organic matter and total nitrogen content are more than planted forest significantly.(3)There is an extremely significant negative correlation among pH value, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content; while an extremely significant positive correlation between soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content.

The influence of soil nitrogen status and previous crop on nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) in Barrel Medic, Medicago truncatula Gaertn

Soil Research ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Alston ◽  
RD Graham
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Status ◽  
Barrel Medic

Barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.) was grown in a glasshouse in pots containing solonized brown soils with total nitrogen contents ranging from 1.2 to 2.7 g kg-1. The dry weight and nitrogen content of the plants were determined on three occasions, and the acetylene reduction technique was used to estimate the rate of nitrogen fixation. All soils had been subjected to rotations of cereal and annual pasture, but half were sampled following pasture, while the others were collected after cereal. Both groups of soils had similar ranges of total nitrogen content, but the pasture soils contained higher concentrations of mineral nitrogen at the time of sowing the experiment and produced more mineral nitrogen on incubation. Correlations among these three indices of nitrogen status were exceedingly low for such a collection of similar soils, and only mineral plus mineralizable nitrogen correlated reasonably well with nitrogen uptake by wheat plants grown on the soils for 9 weeks. Medic on the pasture soils generally had higher dry weights and contained more nitrogen than plants on soils which were cropped with cereal, but rates of acetylene reduction were lower. These differences, which diminished as the season progressed, were closely related to the mineral nitrogen but not the total nitrogen content of the soils. Thus, the rate of accretion of nitrogen in the soils from nitrogen fixation, as estimated in this study, was independent of the existing soil total nitrogen content but was decreased by soil mineral nitrogen when the latter was high. The results have implications for the maintenance of the nitrogen status of soils under cereal-pasture rotations.

Mats of unincorporated organic matter under irrigated pastures

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Kleinig
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Soil Types

A mat of partially decomposed organic matter which forms on the surface of solls carrying irrigated pastures is described. It was found under both annual and perennial irrigated pastures on soil types ranging from sandy loams and loams (red-brown earths) to heavy clays (grey and brown soils of heavy texture). Mat weights ranged from 8 000 to 92 000 lb/acre, and the amounts of nitrogen held in them from 85 to 1 240 lb/acre, for 8- to 15-year-old pastures. Age of pasture was not significantly correlated with either mat weight or mat nitrogen content, but it was significantly correlated with the total nitrogen content of the mat and surface soil. The distribution of accumulated nitrogen between the mat and surface soil varied considerably under annual pastures on heavy-textured soils. Carbon/nitrogen ratios indicate considerable decomposition of the organic matter In the mat, and up to 0.60 in, of water available to the pasture was retained in this layer after irrigation. The significance of the mat under irrigated pastures is discussed in terms of water and nitrogen relationships.

scholarly journals Azospirillum sp . inoculation in wheat, barley and oats seeds greenhouse experiments

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 843-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmar R. Dalla Santa ◽  
Ramona Fernández Hernández ◽  
Gergina L. Michelena Alvarez ◽  
Pedro Ronzelli Junior ◽  
Carlos Ricardo Soccol
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the inoculation effects of Azospirillum sp. RAM-7 strain, in seeds of wheat, barley and oats cultures on yield and total nitrogen content of the grains in greenhouse experiments. Seeds inoculation with Azospirillum sp. RAM-7 strain enhanced grain yields, even so, the responses vary among the evaluated cultures. For wheat, significant increases were obtained when the inoculation was associated to 100% of the recommended nitrogen, although the treatment that received only inoculation produced 7.4% above the control, however this difference wasn't significant. For barley, the presence of the inoculant substituted 20% the recommended nitrogen fertilization. For oats the inoculation with Azospirillum sp. RAM-7 didn't provide a significant increase in grain yields. In relation to the total nitrogen content of the grains, for all studied cultures, significant differences were not observed among the evaluated treatments (p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Nitrogen Status of Soil and Plants in Apple Orchards of Quetta Valley, Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
Zubair Rehman ◽  
Syed Ishtiaq Hyder ◽  
Muhammad Arshadullah ◽  
Shah Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Plant Analysis ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Nitrogen Status ◽  
Apple Plant ◽  
Quetta Valley

The study was planned to assess the nitrogen status of apple orchards around Quetta valley, Pakistan, through soil and plant analysis. Two hundred and forty soil samples were collected from 40 different locations of 05 orchards at 0-15, 15-30, 30-45, 45-60, 60- 75 and 75-90 cm depths. The soil samples were analysed for total nitrogen by Kjeldhal’s method. At the same time forty apple trees were selected for leaves samples and analysed for the total nitrogen content. Total nitrogen content in soil showed a sizeable variation ranging from 0.009 to 0.148%. Whereby, plant analysis registered minimum nitrogen content 1.06% and the maximum nitrogen content were 3.14% in apple plant leaves which confirms a great deficiency of nitrogen in apple orchards of Quetta valley. 

Operational Results of the Wolfsburg Wastewater Treatment Plant

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kayser ◽  
G. Stobbe ◽  
M. Werner
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Activated Sludge Process

At Wolfsburg for a load of 100,000 p.e., the step-feed activated sludge process for nitrogen removal is successfully in operation. Due to the high denitrification potential (BOD:TKN = 5:1) the effluent total nitrogen content can be kept below 10 mg l−1 N; furthermore by some enhanced biological phosphate removal about 80% phosphorus may be removed without any chemicals.

scholarly journals Exploring the role of macroalgal traits on the feeding behaviour of a generalist herbivore in Malaysian waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-417
Author(s):  
Lim Wai Yin ◽  
Lim Phaik Eem ◽  
Affendi Yang Amri ◽  
Song Sze Looi ◽  
Acga Cheng
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
South China ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Generalist Herbivore ◽  
Macroalgal Species ◽  
Straits Of Malacca

AbstractWith the potential adverse effects of climate change, it is essential to enhance the understanding of marine ecosystem dynamics, which can be driven by the co-evolutionary interaction between autotrophs and herbivores. This study looked into the autotroph-herbivore interactions in Malaysian waters, mainly to determine if autotroph nutritional quality significantly influences herbivore consumption rates. We documented the relative consumption rate of a generalist herbivore (Chanos chanos Forsskål) obtained from the Straits of Malacca through multiple feeding trials using 12 macroalgal species collected from different coastal areas of the Straits of Malacca, the Straits of Johor, and the South China Sea. The herbivore fed selectively on the tested macroalgal species, with the most and least consumed species having the lowest and highest total nitrogen content, respectively. Besides total nitrogen content, the least consumed species also had the highest total phenolic content. Interestingly, we observed that the herbivore generally preferred to consume filamentous macroalgae, especially those collected from the South China Sea. Overall, our findings demonstrated that the feeding behaviour of a generalist herbivore could be influenced by the nutritional quality of the autotrophs, which may depend directly or indirectly on other factors such as autotroph morphology and geography.

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