Characterization of the nearly extinct ‘Albilla’ cultivar from Galicia and its relationships with other Spanish ‘Albillos’

Aims: This work contributes to the knowledge of the genetic diversity of Vitis vinifera L. with the characterization of the non-referenced cultivar ‘Albilla’ by ampelographic description and molecular markers. This will be useful for the preservation, identification and propagation of this cultivar in the future.Methods and results: Six microsatellites (SSRs), 55 OIV (International Organisation of Vine and Wine) morphological descriptors and 45 phylometric traits were evaluated in two accessions of ‘Albilla’ preserved in the Germplasm Bank of EVEGA (Estación de Viticultura e Enoloxía de Galicia), Xunta de Galicia. Additionally, we set out to determine whether this cultivar was distinct from the yet uncharacterized ‘Albillo’ cultivars found in the Canary Islands. These methods allowed us to describe the cultivar known as ‘Albilla’ and to compare it with other homonym cultivars.Conclusions: The ‘Albilla’ cultivar is different from other genotypes denominated ‘Albillo’ and any other genotype described until now. This may indicate that it could be an autochthonous cultivar from Galicia.Significance and impact of the study: The characterization of cultivars is still necessary in order to identify any homonyms or synonyms, develop measures for their conservation (germplasm collection) and evaluate their potential for producing quality wines.

Download Full-text

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GRAPEVINE CULTIVAR 'MORAVIA' (VITIS VINIFERA, L.) BY MEANS OF MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTORS AND MOLECULAR MARKERS

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2009.827.20 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 143-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Mena ◽

J. Martínez ◽

M. Fernández-González

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Morphological Descriptors ◽

Grapevine Cultivar

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity of table grape based on morphoagronomic traits

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162011000100007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 42-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Patrícia Coelho de Souza Leão ◽

Cosme Damião Cruz ◽

Sérgio Yoshimitsu Motoike

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Clustering Analysis ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Table Grape ◽

Cluster Method ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Method Analysis ◽

Vitis Spp ◽

Grape Cultivars

The conservation and characterization of grape (Vitis spp) genetic resources in germplasm banks have been the basis of its use in breeding programs that result in development of new cultivars. There are at least 10,000 grape cultivars kept in germplasm collection. The genetic diversity in 136 table grape accessions from the state of Bahia, Brazil, was evaluated. Continuous and discrete morphoagronomic traits were assessed. The clustering analysis by the Tocher otimization method resulted in 30 clusters (considering continuous morphoagronomic traits), and 9 clusters (taking into consideration multicategorical traits). There was no agreement between clusters obtained by both, continuous or discrete phenotypic descriptors, independent of the cluster method analysis used. A satisfactory genetic variability among the table grape accessions was observed.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Rheum species (Endangered Medicinal Herb of Indian Himalayan Region) using Molecular Markers

Research Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.25303/1611rjbt147154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 147-154

Author(s):

Anjali Uniyal ◽

Akhilesh Kumar ◽

Sweta Upadhyay ◽

Vijay Kumar ◽

Sanjay Gupta

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽

Dna Polymorphisms ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽

Pharmaceutical Industries ◽

Endangered Medicinal Herb ◽

Identification And Characterization ◽

Simple Sequence

The Rheum species are important medicinal plants that are facing extinction due to their unplanned development and overexploitation by pharmaceutical industries. DNA polymorphisms are not prone to environmental modifications, thus they are widely used for the identification and characterization of plants. The use of different molecular markers has enabled the researchers for the valuation of genetic variability and diversity in its natural zone of distribution. The conventional approach may take several years to yield this information. For the estimation of molecular and genetic variations in geographical zone of distribution, various molecular markers technique are available like RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA), RFLP (Restriction fragment length polymorphism), ISSR (Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats), SSR and AFLP. The uses of different molecular markers for the study of genetic diversity have been discussed in the review.

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity in portuguese native Vitis vinifera L. ssp. vinifera and ssp. sylvestris

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/2447-cjgpb ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 46 (Special Issue) ◽

pp. S54-S56 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Cunha ◽

M. Teixeira Santos ◽

J. Brazăo ◽

L.C. Carneiro ◽

M. Veloso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Gene Pool ◽

Western Europe ◽

Eastern European ◽

Starting Point ◽

Probable Origin ◽

Different Origins

To assess the different origins of Portuguese grapevine varieties, we used six nuclear and four chloroplastidal microsatellites as molecular markers, in order to compare the genetic structure of native wild-vines with native grapevine varieties. Both native subspecies have a great diversity, and a high interrelationship across the six nuclear microsatellites. Although identical numbers of alleles were found in each population, their distribution was different in the vinifera and sylvestris subspecies. Portuguese wild-vines have only chlorotypes A and B; A being the most frequent. The fifty-seven analysed Portuguese varieties have chlorotypes A, B, C, and D. The most frequent was the chlorotype A (75%), followed by D (21%). The results obtained reinforced the idea of Western Europe as having been one of the domestication centres for the grapevine, with contributions from the Eastern European gene pool. The observed genetic structure is a starting point from which to clarify the high number of native cultivars found in Portugal, and reinforces their probable origin in the Iberian Peninsula.

Download Full-text

Schistosome genetic diversity: the implications of population structure as detected with microsatellite markers

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182002002020 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 125 (7) ◽

pp. S51-S59 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

J. CURTIS ◽

R. E. SORENSEN ◽

D. J. MINCHELLA

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

Microsatellite Markers ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Mitochondrial Marker ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Blood Flukes

Blood flukes in the genus Schistosoma are important human parasites in tropical regions. A substantial amount of genetic diversity has been described in populations of these parasites using molecular markers. We first consider the extent of genetic variation found in Schistosoma mansoni and some factors that may be contributing to this variation. Recently, though, attempts have been made to analyze not only the genetic diversity but how that diversity is partitioned within natural populations of schistosomes. Studies with non-allelic molecular markers (e.g. RAPDs and mtVNTRs) have indicated that schistosome populations exhibit varying levels of gene flow among component subpopulations. The recent characterization of microsatellite markers for S. mansoni provided an opportunity to study schistosome population structure within a population of schistosomes from a single Brazilian village using allelic markers. Whereas the detection of population structure depends strongly on the type of analysis with a mitochondrial marker, analyses with a set of seven microsatellite loci consistently revealed moderate genetic differentiation when village boroughs were used to define parasite subpopulations and greater subdivision when human hosts defined subpopulations. Finally, we discuss the implications that such strong population structure might have on schistosome epidemiology.

Download Full-text

Genotyping of Vitis vinifera L. within the Slovak national collection of genetic resources

Open Life Sciences ◽

10.2478/s11535-014-0314-1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 761-767

Author(s):

Ivana Dokupilová ◽

Daniele Migliaro ◽

Daniel Mihálik ◽

Manna Crespan ◽

Ján Kraic

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Genetic Resources ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Genetic Resource ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Total Genetic Diversity ◽

Unusual Phenomenon ◽

Resource Collection

AbstractMicrosatellites were used as a very effective tool for genetic diversity analysis and characterization of 51 grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) accessions from the national collection of genetic resources. Genetic diversity was relatively high, 8.91 alleles were detected per analysed microsatellite locus in average, and fifty-one accessions were distinguished into 45 groups. Distribution of recent Slovak cultivars across the dendrogram accented both their genetic diversity and the effectiveness of the national breeding program in maintaining genetic diversity and generating new genetic variants. Each cultivar was different from the others and twelve of them contained 77.6% of the total genetic diversity of the whole analysed set. Microsatellite patterns were also able to confirm parentage in selected Slovak cultivars. An unusual phenomenon of triallelism was also detected in one of the analysed accessions. The present study has initiated molecular characterization within the national grapevine genetic resource collection and their comparison with well-established international cultivars.

Download Full-text

Selection of ISSR Primers to Study the Genetic Diversity of Myrciaria floribunda O. Berg

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i1630730 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

Luiz Sergio Costa Duarte Filho ◽

Danielson Ramos Ribeiro ◽

Allison Vieira da Silva

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Markers ◽

South America ◽

Central America ◽

Dna Extraction ◽

Endemic Species ◽

Germplasm Bank ◽

Slow Growing ◽

Selection Of ◽

Issr Primers

The species Myrciaria floridunda O. Berg, popularly known as cambuí, belongs to the Myrtaceae family. Cambui is a native, non-endemic species that occur in diverse environments in Central America and South America. They are slow-growing plants with a shrub or sub-shrub habit. The fruits, the product of interest of the species, are small, spherical berries orange or red in colorturning to wine colorwhen they are ripe. The exploitation of the species is still mostly extractivist, carried out by traditional local families who, in times of fruiting of the species, leverage their income by selling fruits at fairs. The fruits can be eaten fresh, in the form of jellies, liquor or wine. To study the genetic diversity of the species using ISSR-type molecular markers, it is necessary to first isolate DNA in sufficient quality and quantity. Here, leaves for DNA extraction were collected from the active germplasm bank of the Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil. The DNA of the species was extracted using CTAB detergent methodology with modifications adapted to the species. Twelve ISSR primers were tested on DNA from two cambui genotypes. Of the twelve primers, eight were selected due to their polymorphism index above 50%, namely: UFAL-2, UFAL-3, UFAL-5, UFAL-6, UFAL-7, UFAL-8, UFAL-9 and UFAL-10.

Download Full-text

Genetic characterization of the endangered and endemic anchialine squat lobster Munidopsis polymorpha from Lanzarote (Canary Islands): management implications

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fss062 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 69 (6) ◽

pp. 1030-1037 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Patricia Cabezas ◽

Fernando Alda ◽

Enrique Macpherson ◽

Annie Machordom

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Population Size ◽

Effective Population Size ◽

Canary Islands ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Effective Population ◽

Management Implications ◽

Squat Lobster

Abstract Cabezas, P., Alda, F., Macpherson, E., and Machordom, A. 2012. Genetic characterization of the endangered and endemic anchialine squat lobster Munidopsis polymorpha from Lanzarote (Canary Islands): management implications. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1030–1037. Anchialine species show restricted geographic ranges, high habitat specificity, and small population sizes. These factors make them particularly vulnerable to human activities, yet little is known about their ecology and evolutionary history. Munidopsis polymorpha is a decapod endemic to an anchialine cave system of the Corona lava tube in Lanzarote (Canary Islands). The present study, the first genetic survey conducted on this largely unknown species, was designed to characterize its genetic diversity, population structure and recent demographic history, using sequence data for the cytochrome oxidase I gene and eight microsatellites. A single haplotype was identified in the mitochondrial dataset. Nuclear genetic diversity was also low (average = 4.375 ± 1.685). No significant genetic structure was detected between sampling sites and years, either by analysis of molecular variance (FST = 0.006, p = 0.110) or Bayesian clustering analysis (K = 1), indicating this species should be treated as a single management unit. Neither did we find evidence for a recent bottleneck event, and estimates of effective population size were extremely low (∼50). The lack of population structure, low genetic diversity and extremely low effective population size reinforce the high degree of isolation and endemicity of this species, and, consequently, the need to implement appropriate management actions.

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity of Cuban pineapple germplasm assessed by AFLP Markers

Cropp Breeding and Applied Biotechnology ◽

10.1590/s1984-70332012000200002 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 104-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ermis Yanes Paz ◽

Katia Gil ◽

Laureano Rebolledo ◽

Andrés Rebolledo ◽

Daniel Uriza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Germplasm Collection ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Aflp Markers ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Morphological Descriptors ◽

Low Level ◽

Germplasm Collections

The Cuban pineapple germplasm collection represents the genetic diversity of pineapple cultivated in that country and includes other important genotypes obtained from the germplasm collections in Brazil and Martinique. The collection has previously been characterized with morphological descriptors but a molecular characterization has been lacking. With this aim, 56 six genotypes of A. comosus and one of Bromelia pinguin were analyzed with a total of 191 AFLP markers. A dendrogram that represents the genetic relationships between these samples based on the AFLP results showed a low level of diversity in the Cuban pineapple collection. All Ananas comosus accessions, being the majority obtained from farmers in different regions in Cuba, are grouped at distances lower than 0.20. Molecular characterization was in line with morphological characterization. These results are useful for breeding and conservation purposes.

Download Full-text