scholarly journals Brassinosteroids and gibberellic acid: effects on in vitro pollen germination in grapevine

OENO One ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Zeliha Gokbayrak ◽  
Hakan Engin
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Grape Cultivars

<p style="text-align: justify;">Many physiological processes related to plant growth and development are under the influence of growth regulators, which also have an impact on pollen germination. In this study, the effects of two brassinosteroid compounds, epibrassinolide and 22S,23S-homobrassinolide, and gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) on <em>in vitro</em> pollen germination of two table grape cultivars, ‘Italia’ and ‘Cardinal’ (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.), were determined. A total of 28 treatments, alone and in combination, were applied to freshly collected pollens which were sown on a basic medium with 1% agar and 20% sucrose. Petri dishes were kept at 26±1°C for 24 hours. Counting of the germinated pollens revealed that the effects of these plant hormones were cultivar- and substance-specific. The cultivar ‘Italia’ was not influenced by the treatments (the highest germination ratio being 44.4% from 0.001 mg L<sup>-1</sup> epibrassinolide) as opposed to the cultivar ‘Cardinal’. The highest germination ratio in ‘Cardinal’ was about 50% in pollens treated with 25 mg L<sup>-1</sup> GA<sub>3</sub> + 0.01 mg L<sup>-1</sup> epibrassinolide. The control group resulted in 32.38% germination. Combining GA<sub>3</sub> with epibrassinolide provided slightly higher germination ratios compared to combining GA<sub>3</sub> with 22S,23S-homobrassinolide. </p>

scholarly journals Physiological Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Plants: Pleasant Exploration behind Its Unpleasant Odour

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuping Jin ◽  
Yanxi Pei
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence

Recently, overwhelming evidence has proven that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which was identified as a gasotransmitter in animals, plays important roles in diverse physiological processes in plants as well. With the discovery and systematic classification of the enzymes producing H2Sin vivo, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which H2S influences plant responses to various stimuli was reached. There are many functions of H2S, including the modulation of defense responses and plant growth and development, as well as the regulation of senescence and maturation. Additionally, mounting evidence indicates that H2S signaling interacts with plant hormones, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and other molecules in signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Micropropagation and callogenesis of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Inamine Miachir ◽  
Vera Lúcia Moretti Romani ◽  
Antônio Francisco de Campos Amaral ◽  
Marcia Ometto Mello ◽  
Otto Jesu Crocomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Curcuma Zedoaria ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Benzyl Amino Purine

Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe (zedoary) is a medicinal properties-bearing Zingiberaceae from which rhizomes are commercially exploited. The objective of this work was to establish an in vitro protocol for micropropagation and callogenesis of Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe as alternative to improve plant production, turning economically feasible the exploitation of its secondary metabolites which present medicinal properties. Micropropagation by using shoot apexes produced by rhizome and from in vitro plants were carried out on Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 benzyl amino purine and 30 g L-1 sucrose. Plantlets were satisfactorily acclimated to greenhouse conditions by using plastic cover for at least 10 days. Treatment with endomycorrhiza at the ex vitro transferring time was beneficial to acclimatization, improving plant growth and development. Callus induction and growth were obtained by inoculating root segments on Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 naphtalene acetic acid and incubation in the dark at 25 ± 2ºC. Cell suspension cultures were established on liquid medium of same chemical composition and same culture conditions and a growth curve was obtained.

Teratogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus L-forms using a mouse whole-embryo culture model

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-682
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Xiang Zhu ◽  
Feng-ling Yu ◽  
Xiao-ming Kong ◽  
Na Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Whole Embryo Culture ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Pass Through

Our previous studies have suggested that Staphylococcus aureus L-forms are able to pass through the placental barrier of mice from the maternal side to the fetal body and affect fetal growth and development, but little is known about the direct influence of S. aureus L-forms on embryos during the critical period of organogenesis. Mouse embryos at gestational day 8.5 were cultured in vitro for 48 h with 0, 50, 100, 200 or 400 c.f.u. S. aureus L-forms ml−1. At the end of the culture period, the mouse embryos were assessed morphologically for viability, growth and development. Bacteriological and immunohistochemical staining were used to determine the existence of S. aureus L-forms in embryonic tissues. We found that both crown–rump length and head length of mouse embryos exposed to S. aureus L-forms at a concentration of 50 c.f.u. ml−1 were reduced. When the mouse embryos were exposed to 100, 200 or 400 c.f.u. S. aureus L-forms ml−1, the total morphological score, number of somites, dry embryo weight, yolk sac diameter, crown–rump length and head length were significantly lower than those of the control group. With the increased concentration of S. aureus L-forms in the culture medium, there were fewer normally developed embryos and more embryos with abnormalities or retardation in growth. S. aureus L-forms detected by Gram-staining and immunohistochemical detection of antigen were found in the tissues of embryos infected by S. aureus L-forms. These data suggest that S. aureus L-forms exert a direct teratogenic effect on cultured mouse embryos in vitro.

Symbiotic in vitro seed propagation of Dendrobium: fungal and bacterial partners and their influence on plant growth and development

Planta ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 242 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Elena A. Tsavkelova ◽  
Songjun Zeng ◽  
Tzi Bun Ng ◽  
S. Parthibhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Seed Propagation

scholarly journals Effect of oocyte vitrification before and after in vitro maturation towards Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-2/Bax ratio expression

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Zakiyatul Faizah ◽  
Haryanto Aswin ◽  
Hamdani Lunardhi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
In Vitro Maturation ◽  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oocyte Vitrification ◽  
Expression Ratio ◽  
Before And After

Objectives: to compare the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in cumulus cell and oocyte between vitrified oocyte pre and post in vitro maturation.Materials and Methods: Maturation was operated in medium TC 100 µl for 24 hours. Vitrification begins with washing oocyte in PBS basic medium supplemented of 20% serum for 1-2 minutes, followed by equilibration medium PBS + 20% serum + 10% ethylene glycol for 10-14 minutes, then transferred to 20% serum + PBS + 0.5 M sucrose + 15% ethylene glycol + PROH 15% for 25-30 seconds. Thawing is processed by submerging the oocytes in the media: 1). PBS + 20% serum + 0.5 M sucrose, 2). PBS + 20% serum + 0.25 M sucrose, and 3). PBS + 20% serum + 0.1 M sucrose. Imunocytochemistry observed the expression of Bcl-2, bax and Bcl-2/bax ratio.Results: Bcl-2 expression on oocyte in control group differed significantly with treatment group, Bcl-2 expression on cumulus in control group differed significantly with treatment 1 group. Bax expression on oocyte in control group differed significantly with treatment group. Bax expression on cumulus in control group differed significantly with treatment group. Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio on oocyte and cumulus did not differ significantly in all groupConclusion: No difference Bcl-2/Bax expression ratio on oocyte and cumulus between vitrified oocyte pre and post in vitro maturation.

scholarly journals Gibberellic Acid Application Timing Influences the Bud Viability and Fruitfulness of Seedless Table Grape Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 598c-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. Dokoozlian
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Thompson Seedless ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
Berry Set

A study initiated in Spring 1995 examined the influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) application timing on the return fruitfulness of Thompson Seedless and Flame Seedless table grapes. Vines treated with GA3 at prebloom, bloom, or berry set were compared to vines treated at prebloom + bloom + berry set and nontreated vines. Application amounts for each cultivar and timing were based on commercial label recommendations. Nodes from each treatment were collected in mid-winter and dissected, and their viability and fruitfulness were recorded. Bud viability (shoots per bud) and fruitfulness (clusters per shoot) also were evaluated at budbreak in 1996. The results indicate that GA3 applications at prebloom and bloom are most detrimental to bud viability and cluster initiation in these cultivars.

Sugar Regulates Plant Growth and Development Under In Vitro Conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durdana Shah ◽  
Nasreena Sajjad ◽  
Rohaya Ali ◽  
Nazish Nazir ◽  
Sumaya Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Growth And Development

IN VITRO CULTURE OF OVULES AND EMBRYOS OF GRAPE FOR THE OBTENTION OF NEW SEEDLESS TABLE GRAPE CULTIVARS

2000 ◽  
pp. 663-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Garcia ◽  
A. Martinez ◽  
E. Garcia de la Calera ◽  
L.J. Perez ◽  
J.L. Cenis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Grape Cultivars

scholarly journals MSD2, an apoplastic Mn-SOD, contributes to root skotomorphogenic growth by modulating ROS distribution in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huize Chen ◽  
Jinsu Lee ◽  
Jung-Min Lee ◽  
Minsoo Han ◽  
Aurelia Emonet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Light Condition ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Ros Metabolism

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play essential roles as a second messenger in various physiological processes in plants. Due to their oxidative nature, ROS can also be harmful. Thus, the generation and homeostasis of ROS are tightly controlled by multiple enzymes. Membrane-localized NADPH oxidases are well known to generate ROS during developmental and stress responses, but the metabolic pathways of the superoxide (O2⋅−) generated by them in the apoplast are poorly understood, and the identity of the apoplastic superoxide dismutase (SOD) is unknown in Arabidopsis. Here, we show that a putative manganese SOD, MSD2 is secreted and possesses a SOD activity that can be inhibited by nitration at tyrosine 68. The expression of MSD2 in roots is light condition-dependent, suggesting that MSD2 may act on ROS metabolism in roots during the light-to-dark transition. Root architecture is governed by ROS distribution that exhibits opposite gradient of H2O2 and O2⋅−, which is indeed altered in etiolated msd2 mutants and accompanied by changes in the onset of differentiation. These results provide a missing link in our understanding of ROS metabolism and suggest that MSD2 plays a role in root skotomorphogenesis by regulating ROS distribution, thereby playing a pivotal role in plant growth and development.

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