scholarly journals 2x2 Achievement Goals in Physical Education and Leisure-Time Sports and Physical Activity. Comparative Study of Students in Spain, Costa Rica and Mexico

Author(s):  
Raúl Baños ◽  
Francisco Ruiz-Juan ◽  
Antonio Baena-Extremera ◽  
María Elena García-Montes ◽  
María del Mar Ortiz-Camacho

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between levels of leisure-time sports and physical activity and the stages of change in high school students with goal orientations. Methods: The sample consisted of 2168 students randomly selected to participate in a longitudinal study in Costa Rica (423), Mexico (408) and Spain (1337), with 1052 being boys, 1037 girls and 79 who did not specify sex, aged between 11 and 16 years old (M = 12.49, SD = .81). We used a questionnaire to ask students about their leisure-time sports and physical activity, about stages of change and to measure achievement goals. Results: The results show that students are more active in Costa Rica, most of them being in the stage of active change. Conclusions: We found significant differences in achievement goals in all three countries, which shows that students in active stages have higher values than those in the inactive stage.

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Baños ◽  
Francisco Ruiz-Juan ◽  
Antonio Baena-Extremera ◽  
María García-Montes ◽  
María Ortiz-Camacho

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between levels of leisure-time sports and physical activity and the stages of change in high school students with goal orientations. Methods: The sample was conformed of 2168 students randomly selected to participate in a longitudinal study in Costa Rica (423), Mexico (408), and Spain (1337), with 1052 being boys, 1037 girls, and 79 who did not specify sex, aged between 11 and 16 years old (M = 12.49, SD = 0.81). We used a questionnaire to ask students about their leisure-time sports and physical activity, about stages of change and to measure achievement goals. Results: The results show that students are more active in Costa Rica, most of them being in a stage of active change. Conclusions: We found significant differences in achievement goals in all three countries, which shows that students in active stages have higher values than those in the inactive stage.


Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Francisco Ruiz-Juan ◽  
Ernesto De la Cruz Sánchez ◽  
Jorge Ruiz-Risueño Abad ◽  
María Elena García Montes

El presente estudio aborda la relación entre dos factores del estilo de vida que tienen una especial incidencia en la salud de los jóvenes, como son la práctica habitual de ejercicio físico y el consumo de tabaco. Para ello, se evaluaron en 6362 estudiantes de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) y Post-obligatoria (ESPO) de ambos sexos (3129 varones y 3233 mujeres) el consumo de tabaco y la cantidad habitual de actividad física. Los resultados muestran que los adolescentes estudiados tienen patrones de comportamiento similares al resto de la población española en lo que se refiere al consumo habitual de tabaco y práctica de actividad física cotidiana. En lo que se refiere a la relación entre ambos hábitos, existen diferencias en el consumo habitual de tabaco en función de la cantidad e intensidad de actividad físico-deportiva realizada durante el tiempo libre.Abstrac: This study addresses the relationship between two lifestyle factors that have a particular impact on the health of young people, as are the usual practice of leisure-time physical activity and smoking. Smoking habits and leisure-time physical activity was assessed in a sample of 6362 high school students (3129 men and 3233 women) from Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) and Post-compulsory Secondary Education (ESPO). The results show that patterns of smoking and leisure-time physical activity of our sample are similar to the rest of the Spanish adolescents. Regarding to the relationship between the two factors studied, differences in smoking habits depending on the quantity and intensity of leisure-time physical activity.


Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
Pilar Vílchez Conesa ◽  
Francisco Ruiz-Juan

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue conocer la relación que existe entre los comportamientos de práctica, el nivel de actividad físico-deportiva de tiempo libre y las etapas de cambio con el clima motivacional de los estudiantes en Educación Física (EF). La muestra fue de 2168 estudiantes, seleccionados aleatoriamente para participar en un estudio longitudinal de Costa Rica (423), México (408) y España (1337), siendo 1052 chicos, 1037 chicas y 79 no reflejaron el sexo, con edades de entre 11 y 16 años (M=12.49; DT=.81). Se utilizó un cuestionario para preguntar al alumnado sobre su actividad físico-deportiva en el tiempo libre, etapas de cambio y para medir el clima motivacional. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos, inferenciales y factoriales confirmatorios con SPSS 17.0. Los resultados muestran que los alumnos más activos son los de Costa Rica, situándose la mayoría de ellos en la etapa de cambio activa pero con un índice de práctica bajo, seguida de los españoles, que abandonan más la práctica. México es el país más inactivo con mayor tasa de abandono, y los escolares que practican, lo hacen con índice de práctica bajo y se encuentran en etapas inactivas. Se concluyó que en los tres países las diferencias significativas encontradas en la percepción del clima motivacional de los estudiantes indican que el alumnado, en su mayoría, necesita cambiar las características de su actividad físico-deportiva de tiempo libre, tanto en comportamiento como índice de práctica (aconsejando índices de actividad moderada y vigorosa) y etapas de cambio. La EF sería un escenario óptimo para empezar a cambiar estos patrones.Abstrac. The objective of present study was to determinate relationship between behavior of practice, level of physical activity on leisure and stages of change according to motivational climate of students on Secondary. Sample consisted of 2168 students randomly selected to participate in a longitudinal study of Costa Rica (423), Mexico (408) and Spain (1337), with 1052 boys, 1037 girls and 79 did not reflect sex, aged between 11 and 16 years (M = 12.49, SD = .81). We used a questionnaire to ask students about their sport and physical activity in leisure on stages of change and to measure achievement goals. Descriptive analyzes were conducted, inferential and confirmatory factor SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results showed that students are more active in Costa Rica, most of them standing in active stages of change but with a low level of practice. They were followed by Spaniards who dropped out more participation in leisure. Mexico was the country most inactive with the highest dropout index, and those who practice does with a low level of intensity and they are in inactive stages. It was concluded that in three countries the differences found on the motivational climate perception of students indicate that, in general, students need to change their physical activity characteristics of leisure time, their behavior, index of practice (it is advised moderate and vigorous activity) and stages of change. PE would be a optimal place to start changing these patterns.


2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
G. Erturan ◽  
R. McBride ◽  
B. Agbuga

Background and Study Aim : The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy and self-regulation between achievement goals and leisure time physical activity among Turkish high school students. Material and Methods : Four hundred and sixty-four high school students (216 male; 248 female) enrolled in physical education classes voluntarily participated in the study. To assess whether the data fit the proposed model structural equation modelling was used. Results: Results revealed that self-efficacy mediated the effects of mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, and performance-approach goals on leisure time physical activity. Self-regulation was not a mediator of achievement goals and did not predict leisure time physical activity. Conclusions: This study revealed the importance of self-efficacy in physical education to promote students’ leisure time physical activity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
G. Erturan ◽  
R. McBride ◽  
B. Agbuga

Background and Study Aim : The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of self-efficacy and self-regulation between achievement goals and leisure time physical activity among Turkish high school students. Material and Methods : Four hundred and sixty-four high school students (216 male; 248 female) enrolled in physical education classes voluntarily participated in the study. To assess whether the data fit the proposed model structural equation modelling was used. Results: Results revealed that self-efficacy mediated the effects of mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, and performance-approach goals on leisure time physical activity. Self-regulation was not a mediator of achievement goals and did not predict leisure time physical activity. Conclusions: This study revealed the importance of self-efficacy in physical education to promote students’ leisure time physical activity.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burçak KESKİN ◽  
Burcu GÜVENDİ23 ◽  
Bilal KARAKOÇ ◽  
Selman KAYA ◽  
Onat ÇETİN2

This study aims to determine the relationship between the digital game addiction levels of secondary and high school students and their motivation for participation in physical activity during the pandemic process. the study participants include a total of 322 students, 227 males, and 95 females, aged between 11 and 18. the game addiction scale for adolescents and the motivation scale for participation in physical activity were used as data collection tools in the study. in the statistical method of the study, descriptive statistics (frequency, arithmetic mean, standard deviation), t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey multiple comparisons, and Pearson correlation tests were used. In the research findings, it has been determined that there is a negative and low-level significant relationship between the individual reasons and causelessness sub-dimensions of the motivation scale for participation in physical activity and digital game addiction. there was a significant difference in the game addiction scale and sub-dimensions of the motivation for participation in physical activity according to the duration of digital gaming of the students and their education levels. A significant difference was determined in the motivation scale for participation in physical activity according to the branch variable, and in the scale of game addiction according to the situation of the parents’ setting limits on the duration of digital gaming. A significant difference was not found in either scale according to gender. As a result, it was observed that the more the motivation for participation in physical activity, the lower the digital game addiction.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
H. Fatih KUCUKIBIS ◽  
Mehmet GUL

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between attitudes towards physical activity and self-esteem of high school students. Three different scales were used on 626 adolescents in total who lived in Sivas, found by random sampling method. The first scale is “the Personal Information Scale” consisting of 6 items to determine the demographical characteristics of the participants; the second scale is “the Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Questionnaire (CBPA)”, which was developed by Schembre et al. (2015) and was adapted to Turkish by Eskiler et al. (2016) to determine the participants’ attitudes towards physical activity; and the last scale is “the Self-Esteem Scale” by Rosenberg (1965) and adapted to Turkish by Çuhadaroğlu (1985) to determine the levels of self-esteem of the participants. The study data was analyzed by SPSS 25 package software. The obtained data were represented as values of frequency (f), percentage (%), average (x-), and standard deviation (±). Pearson Correlation analysis was applied in order to determine the effect of physical activity attitudes on self-esteem. The age average of the participants was determined to be 16,28 (±0,97). The gender distribution was 312 females and 314 males, and the number of those who were participating in licensed sports was 336, and that of those who were not was 290. It was determined that there was a positive correlation between the participants’ attitude towards physical activity and their self-esteem. In conclusion, a positive correlation was found between the attitude towards physical activity and self-esteem. In the study, it was suggested that the tendencies towards physical activity should be protected.


2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Marie Weemer ◽  
Olabode Ayodele

The health benefits of physical activity are empirically supported and well accepted. However, the relationship between physical activity, physical fitness, and academic performance remains to be clearly established. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between physical fitness and academic achievement among a sample of Illinois high school students. Analyses were based on the 2016–2017 school year Archival Fitnessgram physical fitness test scores and cumulative GPAs of ninth- through twelfth-grade students (N = 371). Pearson correlation assessed the relationship between physical fitness and academic performance. Multiple linear regression predicted students’ academic achievement. There was a positive association between total fitness and academic achievement, although not statistically significant, r (369) = .002, p = .49. The regression prediction model was statistically significant (p < .001) and accounted for approximately 25% of the variance in academic achievement (R2 = .256, adjusted R2 = .246). Academic achievement was predicted by total number of absences and gender, and to a lesser extent by socio­economic status, the curl-up, and ethnicity. The findings of this study suggest a positive association between physical fitness and academic achievement. These results are potentially relevant to the development of future education policies. Thus, policy makers, school administrators, and educators must use the knowledge gained in this study, along with existing research, as evidence to emphasize the importance of the fitness–academic link, to further support the need for quality physical education curriculum and mandated physical fitness testing.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6005
Author(s):  
Liang Shen ◽  
Joonyoung Lee ◽  
Changzhou Chen ◽  
Tao Zhang

Previous research evidence showed deficient physical activity (PA) and physical fitness (PF) performance levels among high school students. Personal goal orientations motivate their behavior; therefore, it is essential to discover high school students’ goal orientations in PA and PF. Guided by the latest 3 × 2 achievement goal model, we examined the influence of six goal orientations on PA and PF in high school students. A total of 792 high school students in China (54.5% girls; Mage = 16.93 ± 0.82) completed validated measurements assessing 3 × 2 goal orientations for PA and PF. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were used to analyze whether 3 × 2 achievement goal orientations significantly influenced the study variables. Other-approach, self-approach, and task-avoidance goals significantly predicted PA, and the 50-meter dash was predicted by other-approach and self-avoidance goals. The self-approach goal was the only significant predictor of the standing long jump. In conclusion, fostering self- and other-approach-oriented environments with developmentally appropriate content in physical education may have implications for enhancing high school students’ PA and PF.


2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Trout ◽  
Kim C. Graber

The purpose of this investigation was to examine overweight students’ perceptions of and experiences in physical education. Specifically, the applicability of learned helplessness as a framework to understand their experiences was explored. Participants were seven female and five male high school students whose body mass index was at or higher than the gender- and age-specific 85th percentile based on Centers for Disease Control growth charts. Data collection included formal interviews with students and their parents. The primary findings indicate that students have mixed opinions concerning the benefits to be derived from physical education. Despite recognizing the relationship between lack of physical activity and obesity, many participants avoided participation because they had been traumatized to the extent of exhibiting symptoms consistent with learned helplessness. Participants demonstrated greater concern about visibility than they did about their performance, which suggests they might engage in physical activity if shielded from the view of peers.


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