NOS-2 Participates in the Behavioral Effects of Ethanol Withdrawal in Zebrafish

Nitric oxide has been implicated in symptoms of ethanol withdrawal in animal models. Zebrafish have been used as models to study neurobehavioral effects of ethanol (EtOH) withdrawal, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not yet clear. Adult zebrafish were treated with 1% EtOH for 20 min per day for 8 days, injected with the nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) inhibitor aminoguanidine (50 mg/kg), and allowed to experience withdrawal (WD) in their hometanks for 7 days. EtOH WD increased anxiety-like behavior in the novel tank test, an effect that was blocked by aminoguanidine. EtOH WD also increased brain levels of nitrite, an effect that was partially blocked by aminoguanidine. These results underline a novel mechanism by which NOS-2 controls anxiety-like responses to ethanol withdrawal, with implications for the mechanistic study of symptoms associated with chronic ethanol abuse.

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NOS-2 Participates in the Behavioral Effects of Ethanol Withdrawal in Zebrafish

10.20944/preprints201912.0219.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Suianny Nayara da Silva Chaves ◽

Bruna Patrícia Dutra Costa ◽

Gabriela Cristini Vidal Gomes ◽

Monica Lima-Maximino ◽

Eduardo Pacheco Rico ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Ethanol Withdrawal ◽

Mechanistic Study ◽

The Novel ◽

Adult Zebrafish ◽

Ethanol Abuse ◽

Tank Test ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽

Oxide Synthase ◽

Neurobehavioral Effects

Nitric oxide has been implicated in symptoms of ethanol withdrawal in animal models. Zebrafish have been used as models to study neurobehavioral effects of ethanol (EtOH) withdrawal, but the mechanisms associated with these effects are not yet clear. Adult zebrafish were treated with 1% EtOH for 20 min per day for 8 days, injected with the nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) inhibitor aminoguanidine (50 mg/kg), and allowed to experience withdrawal (WD) in their hometanks for 7 days. EtOH WD increased anxiety-like behavior in the novel tank test, an effect that was blocked by aminoguanidine. EtOH WD also increased brain levels of nitrite, an effect that was partially blocked by aminoguanidine. These results underline a novel mechanism by which NOS-2 controls anxiety-like responses to ethanol withdrawal, with implications for the mechanistic study of symptoms associated with chronic ethanol abuse.

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Retinoic Acid Inhibits Nitric Oxide Synthase-2 Expression through the Retinoic Acid Receptor-α

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications ◽

10.1006/bbrc.2000.2535 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 270 (3) ◽

pp. 846-851 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Allan Sirsjö ◽

Andreas C Gidlöf ◽

Anneli Olsson ◽

Hans Törmä ◽

Mikko Ares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Retinoic Acid ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Retinoic Acid Receptor ◽

Acid Receptor ◽

Retinoic Acid Receptor Α ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽

Oxide Synthase

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Deficiency of Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 Results in Increased Neointima Formation in a Mouse Model of Vascular Injury

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology ◽

10.1097/00005344-200306000-00010 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 897-902 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Allan Sirsjö ◽

Anders Löfving ◽

Göran K. Hansson ◽

Dick Wågsäter ◽

Shinichi Tokuno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Vascular Injury ◽

Neointima Formation ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽

Oxide Synthase

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Nitric-oxide Synthase-2 Linkage to Focal Adhesion Kinase in Neutrophils Influences Enzyme Activity and β2Integrin Function

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.m112.426353 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 288 (7) ◽

pp. 4810-4818 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Stephen R. Thom ◽

Veena M. Bhopale ◽

Tatyana N. Milovanova ◽

Ming Yang ◽

Marina Bogush ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Focal Adhesion Kinase ◽

Focal Adhesion ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽

Oxide Synthase

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The nitric oxide synthase 2 pathway is targeted by both pro- and anti-inflammatory treatments in the immature human intestine

Nitric Oxide ◽

10.1016/j.niox.2017.03.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 66 ◽

pp. 53-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Emanuela Ferretti ◽

Eric Tremblay ◽

Marie-Pier Thibault ◽

David Grynspan ◽

Karolina M. Burghardt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Human Intestine ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽

Oxide Synthase

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Expression of the Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 Gene Is Not Essential for Early Control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Murine Lung

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.68.12.6879-6882.2000 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 68 (12) ◽

pp. 6879-6882 ◽

Cited By ~ 105

Author(s):

Andrea M. Cooper ◽

John E. Pearl ◽

Jason V. Brooks ◽

Stefan Ehlers ◽

Ian M. Orme

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Low Dose ◽

Interleukin 12 ◽

Infection Model ◽

Rapid Progression ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽

Oxide Synthase

ABSTRACT The interleukin-12 and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) pathway of macrophage activation plays a pivotal role in controlling tuberculosis. In the murine model, the generation of supplementary nitric oxide by the induction of the nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) gene product is considered the principal antimicrobial mechanism of IFN-γ-activated macrophages. Using a low-dose aerosol-mediated infection model in the mouse, we have investigated the role of nitric oxide in controllingMycobacterium tuberculosis in the lung. In contrast to the consequences of a systemic infection, a low dose of bacteria introduced directly into the lungs of mice lacking the NOS2 gene is controlled almost as well as in intact animals. This is in contrast to the rapid progression of disease in mice lacking IFN-γ or a key member of the IFN signaling pathway, interferon regulatory factor 1. Thus while IFN-γ is pivotal in early control of bacterial growth in the lung, this control does not completely depend upon the expression of the NOS2 gene. The absence of inducible nitric oxide in the lung does, however, result in increased polymorphonuclear cell involvement and eventual necrosis in the pulmonary granulomas of the infected mice lacking the NOS2 gene.

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Chapter 18 Expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 in glia associated with CNS pathology

Progress in Brain Research - Nitric Oxide in Brain Development, Plasticity, and Disease ◽

10.1016/s0079-6123(08)63213-6 ◽

1998 ◽

pp. 253-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Angela K. Loihl ◽

Sean Murphy

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Cns Pathology ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽

Oxide Synthase

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Requirement of nuclear factor kappaB for the constitutive expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 in rat trophoblasts

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.112.18.3147 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 112 (18) ◽

pp. 3147-3155

Author(s):

N.A. Callejas ◽

M. Casado ◽

L. Bosca ◽

P. Martin-Sanz

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽

Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽

Nuclear Factor Kappab ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Cox 2 ◽

Nf Kappab ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽

Oxide Synthase

Recently isolated trophoblasts express nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), decreasing the levels of the corresponding mRNAs when the cells were maintained in culture. The sustained expression of COX-2 and NOS-2 in trophoblasts was dependent on the activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) since proteasome inhibitors and antioxidants that abrogated NF-kappaB activity suppressed the induction of both genes. The time-dependent fall of the mRNA levels of NOS-2 and COX-2 paralleled the inhibition of NF-kappaB, determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and the increase of the IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta inhibitory proteins. Isolated trophoblasts synthesized reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), a process impaired after culturing the cells, and that might be involved in the NF-kappaB activation process. Moreover, treatment of recently isolated cells with ROI scavengers suppressed the expression of COX-2 and NOS-2. Challenge of trophoblasts with interleukin-1beta up-regulated the expression of both proteins, an effect that was potentiated by lipopolysaccharide. These results indicate that the physiological expression of NOS-2 and COX-2 in trophoblasts involves a sustained activation of NF-kappaB which inhibition abrogates the inducibility of both genes.

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Calocybe indicia extract modifies GABA and Serotonin levels to Alleviate anxiety in experimental adult Zebrafish models

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology ◽

10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00833 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4789-4794

Author(s):

Sarah Andrea Wilson ◽

Anushree Nagaraj ◽

Lalitha Vaidyanathan

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Anxiolytic Effect ◽

The Novel ◽

Adult Zebrafish ◽

Tissue Weight ◽

Mao A ◽

Before And After ◽

Tank Test ◽

Gaba Content ◽

Calocybe Indica

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as a model to study anxiety due to its physiological homology to humans. The pathophysiology of anxiety, even though still unclear, has been extensively studied in Zebrafish. Anxiety was induced by withdrawal after exposure to 0.5% ethanol, which proved to be anxiogenic, validated through the novel tank test. The light/dark test revealed that exposure to 0.5% ethanol had anxiolytic effects. The milky mushroom, Calocybe indica was used to treat anxiety since its anti-hypertensive effects have already been reported. Biochemical parameters such as GABA and MAO (A&B) were measured before and after treatment with different concentrations of C. indica and standard anxiolytic drug, Fluoxetine to compare and confirm the anxiolytic effect. The GABA content was found to be 119.9±1.99 mmoles/g tissue weight after treatment with 50 µg C. indica which was comparable to the normal group values (100±4.12). MAO (A&B) activity decreased which in turn increased serotonin levels with 25µg of C. indica. 25µg and 100µg concentration of the extract of C. indica was found to be optimum in reducing the level of anxiety.

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