scholarly journals Relationship between Measured Aerobic Capacity and Total Energy Expenditure Obtained by Doubly Labeled Water in Community-Dwelling Healthy Adults Aged 81-94y: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yasukata ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Hiroyuki Sagayama ◽  
Yasuki Higaki ◽  
Hiroaki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water

Adequate energy intake is critical for the healthy longevity of older adults, and the estimated energy requirement is determined by total energy expenditure (TEE). We aimed to identify the relationship between measured aerobic capacity and TEE, activity energy expenditure (AEE) or physical activity level (PAL) with the doubly labeled water (DLW) methods in the advanced older adults. A total of 12 physically independent older adults (10 males and 2 females) aged between 81 to 94 years participated in this study. Aerobic capacity was evaluated according to the lactate threshold (LT). TEE under free-living conditions was assessed using the DLW method, and self-reported physical activity was obtained through the Japanese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). LT was significantly positively correlated with TEE, AEE, and PAL after adjustment for age and sex (ρ= 0.77 (P<0.01), 0.86 (p<0.01), and 0.86 (p<0.01), respectively). We found the LT as an aerobic capacity is positively and independently correlated with TEE, AEE or PAL. The present results suggest that maintaining aerobic capacity is an important factor for preventing frailty, although further research is needed to multisite studies and many samples.

scholarly journals Total energy expenditure measured using doubly labeled water compared with estimated energy requirements in older adults (≥65 y): analysis of primary data

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1353-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judi Porter ◽  
Kay Nguo ◽  
Jorja Collins ◽  
Nicole Kellow ◽  
Catherine E Huggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Predictive Equations

ABSTRACT Background Contemporary energy expenditure data are crucial to inform and guide nutrition policy in older adults to optimize nutrition and health. Objective The aim was to determine the optimal method of estimating total energy expenditure (TEE) in adults (aged ≥65 y) through 1) establishing which published predictive equations have the closest agreement between measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) and predicted RMR and 2) utilizing the RMR equations with the best agreement to predict TEE against the reference method of doubly labeled water (DLW). Methods A database consisting of international participant-level TEE data from DLW studies was developed to enable comparison with energy requirements estimated by 17 commonly used predictive equations. This database included 31 studies comprising 988 participant-level RMR data and 1488 participant-level TEE data. Mean physical activity level (PAL) was determined for men (PAL = 1.69, n = 320) and women (PAL = 1.66, n = 668). Bland–Altman plots assessed agreement of measured RMR and TEE with predicted RMR and TEE in adults aged ≥65 y, and subgroups of 65–79 y and ≥80 y. Linear regression assessed proportional bias. Results The Ikeda, Livingston, and Mifflin equations most closely agreed with measured RMR and TEE in all adults aged ≥65 y and in the 65–79 y and ≥80 y subgroups. In adults aged ≥65 y, the Ikeda and Livingston equations overestimated TEE by a mean ± SD of 175 ± 1362 kJ/d and 86 ± 1344 kJ/d, respectively. The Mifflin equation underestimated TEE by a mean ± SD of 24 ± 1401 kJ/d. Proportional bias was present as energy expenditure increased. Conclusions The Ikeda, Livingston, or Mifflin equations are recommended for estimating energy requirements of older adults. Future research should focus on developing predictive equations to meet the requirements of the older population with consideration given to body composition and functional measures.

Total energy expenditure in elite open-water swimmers

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-227
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Sagayama ◽  
Kosuke Mimura ◽  
Makiko Toguchi ◽  
Jun Yasukata ◽  
Hiroaki Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
World Class ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method

This study aimed to examine the total energy expenditure (TEE) and physical activity level (PAL) of elite open-water swimmers. Our study group included 5 world-class competitive open-water swimmers. TEE was measured using the doubly labeled water method for 1 week. The TEE was 4549 ± 1185 kcal/day. The PAL was 3.22 ± 0.46. Our results may provide a reference to optimize energy requirement support.

Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Measured with the Bicarbonate-Urea Method in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. J. Paton ◽  
M. Elia ◽  
S. A. Jebb ◽  
G. Jennings ◽  
D. C. MacAllan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Urea Method ◽  
Resting Energy

1. Our objectives were to measure total energy expenditure, the daily variation in total energy expenditure and the physical activity level in a group of HIV-positive subjects using the bicarbonate-urea method. The study also aimed to assess the practicalities of using the bicarbonate-urea technique in free-living conditions. 2. Total energy expenditure was measured with the bicarbonate-urea method over 2 consecutive days (1 day in one subject) in 10 male patients with HIV infection (median CD4 count = 30). Resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. Physical activity level (total energy expenditure/resting energy expenditure) was calculated from these measurements and from activity diaries. 3. Resting energy expenditure was found to be 7.46 ± 0.87 MJ/day, 5% higher than predicted values. Total energy expenditure was 10.69 ± 1.95 MJ/day with an intra-individual day-to-day variation of 6 ± 6%. The measured physical activity level was 1.42 ± 0.14, higher than the diary estimate of 1.34 ± 0.16 (P = 0.029), and there were large inter-method differences in individual values. The subcutaneous infusion of bicarbonate was well tolerated and did not seem to restrict normal activities. 4. Total energy expenditure was not elevated in the group of HIV-positive subjects when compared with reference values for normal subjects. The physical activity level of the patients in this study was lower than that measured using other techniques in healthy young men, but was compatible with that expected for people leading a sedentary lifestyle. Reductions in physical activity in patients with HIV are likely to contribute to the wasting process and physical activity level may thus be a clinically useful measure. This study has also provided the first tracer estimate of the day-to-day variation in total energy expenditure. The bicarbonate-urea method represents an important new investigative tool for measuring total energy expenditure which has previously only been possible within the confines of a whole-body calorimeter or using the expensive doubly labelled water method.

scholarly journals Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Level of Lactating Mesoamerindians

1997 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy F. Butte ◽  
Lourdes Barbosa ◽  
Salvador Villalpando ◽  
William W. Wong ◽  
E. O. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level

scholarly journals Physical activity and energy balance

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (3a) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen A. Van Baak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Resting Energy

AbstractEnergy expenditure rises above resting energy expenditure when physical activity is performed. The activity-induced energy expenditure varies with the muscle mass involved and the intensity at which the activity is performed: it ranges between 2 and 18 METs approximately. Differences in duration, frequency and intensity of physical activities may create considerable variations in total energy expenditure. The Physical Activity Level (= total energy expenditure divided by resting energy expenditure) varies between 1.2 and 2.2–2.5 in healthy adults. Increases in activity-induced energy expenditure have been shown to result in increases in total energy expenditure, which are usually greater than the increase in activity-induced energy expenditure itself. No evidence for increased spontaneous physical activity, measured by diary, interview or accelerometer, was found. However, this does not exclude increased physical activity that can not be measured by these methods. Part of the difference may also be explained by the post-exercise elevation of metabolic rate.If changes in the level of physical activity affect energy balance, this should result in changes in body mass or body composition. Modest decreases of body mass and fat mass are found in response to increases in physical activity, induced by exercise training, which are usually smaller than predicted from the increase in energy expenditure. This indicates that the training-induced increase in total energy expenditure is at least partly compensated for by an increase in energy intake. There is some evidence that the coupling between energy expenditure and energy intake is less at low levels of physical activity. Increasing the level of physical activity for weight loss may therefore be most effective in the most sedentary individuals.

scholarly journals The Association Between Self-Reported and Objectively Measured Energy Level in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 179-179
Author(s):  
Qu Tian ◽  
Nancy Glynn ◽  
Rebecca Ehrenkranz ◽  
Briana Sprague ◽  
Andrea Rosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Measured Energy ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Energy is an important concept in human health and diseases. Self-reported energy has been described as “the individual’s potential to perform physical and mental activity” and “the individual’s energy availability”. However, little empirical data exists on whether self-reported energy level is related to objectively measured energy level. Prior research suggests that more energy availability is associated with higher physical activity level. It remains unclear whether self-reported energy availability would be associated with objectively measured energy level, such as active energy expenditure and total energy expenditure. Using data from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, we identified 94 participants (mean age=86.2±2.4 y/o, 46%blacks, 52%women) with concurrent data on self-reported energy (scale 0-10) and objective energy level by the SenseWear Armband. We examined cross-sectional associations of self-reported energy with objectively measured energy and physical activity levels using Spearman correlation. Greater self-reported energy level was associated with higher daily active energy expenditure in kcal (r=0.30,p=0.004), higher METs (r=0.33,p<0.001), more minutes of physical activity (r=0.35,p<0.001), and more step counts (r=0.36,p<0.001). Self-reported energy was not associated with total energy expenditure (p=0.87) or estimated resting metabolic rate (p=0.53). Self-reported energy may reflect an individual’s activity energy expenditure but not total energy expenditure. It further supports the hypothesis that energy availability even by self-report connects to physical activity behavior. Whether self-reported energy correlates with other health outcomes warrants further investigation.

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