scholarly journals Total energy expenditure and physical activity level in healthy young Swedish children 9 or 14 months of age

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 647-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Tennefors ◽  
W A Coward ◽  
O Hernell ◽  
A Wright ◽  
E Forsum
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level

Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Measured with the Bicarbonate-Urea Method in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. J. Paton ◽  
M. Elia ◽  
S. A. Jebb ◽  
G. Jennings ◽  
D. C. MacAllan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Urea Method ◽  
Resting Energy

1. Our objectives were to measure total energy expenditure, the daily variation in total energy expenditure and the physical activity level in a group of HIV-positive subjects using the bicarbonate-urea method. The study also aimed to assess the practicalities of using the bicarbonate-urea technique in free-living conditions. 2. Total energy expenditure was measured with the bicarbonate-urea method over 2 consecutive days (1 day in one subject) in 10 male patients with HIV infection (median CD4 count = 30). Resting energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry. Physical activity level (total energy expenditure/resting energy expenditure) was calculated from these measurements and from activity diaries. 3. Resting energy expenditure was found to be 7.46 ± 0.87 MJ/day, 5% higher than predicted values. Total energy expenditure was 10.69 ± 1.95 MJ/day with an intra-individual day-to-day variation of 6 ± 6%. The measured physical activity level was 1.42 ± 0.14, higher than the diary estimate of 1.34 ± 0.16 (P = 0.029), and there were large inter-method differences in individual values. The subcutaneous infusion of bicarbonate was well tolerated and did not seem to restrict normal activities. 4. Total energy expenditure was not elevated in the group of HIV-positive subjects when compared with reference values for normal subjects. The physical activity level of the patients in this study was lower than that measured using other techniques in healthy young men, but was compatible with that expected for people leading a sedentary lifestyle. Reductions in physical activity in patients with HIV are likely to contribute to the wasting process and physical activity level may thus be a clinically useful measure. This study has also provided the first tracer estimate of the day-to-day variation in total energy expenditure. The bicarbonate-urea method represents an important new investigative tool for measuring total energy expenditure which has previously only been possible within the confines of a whole-body calorimeter or using the expensive doubly labelled water method.

scholarly journals Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity Level of Lactating Mesoamerindians

1997 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy F. Butte ◽  
Lourdes Barbosa ◽  
Salvador Villalpando ◽  
William W. Wong ◽  
E. O. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Nutritional Status, Basal Metabolic Rate, and Total Energy Expenditure of Indonesia Migrant Workers during Covid-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Putu Agus Dharma Hita ◽  
B. M. Wara Kushartanti ◽  
Fitri Agung Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level

Physical activity, nutritional status, and total energy expenditure are important components of a human. The purpose of this study was to find out the depiction of physical activity, nutritional status, basal metabolic rate, and total energy expenditure of Indonesia migrant workers during Covid-19 pandemic. The study was a survey study with a descriptive design. The samples were 86 Indonesia migrant workers. The instrument used was the 24 hour recall physical activity sheet for 14 days. The result of the study showed that: 88% of male samples and 95% of female samples gained physical activity level score in low category. The PAL score of the male samples was 1.56, while the PAL score of female samples was 1.52. Related to body mass index, 51% of Indonesia migrant workers were in the normal category; 27% were in the overweight category; 17% were in the Obese I Category, and 5% were in the Obese II category. 22 Indonesia migrant workers in overweight category had low physical activity category, 15 persons in Obesity I category had low physical activity category, and 4 persons in Obese II category. The average of the BMR of the samples during the quarantine, due to Covid-19 pandemic, was 1669 kkal/day for male and 1335 kkal/day for female. The average of total energy expenditure of the samples during Covid-19 quarantine was 2595 kkal/day for male and 2031 kkal/day for female. The physical activity level was low, the nutrition status was normal, total energy expenditure was low, the BMR of the sample was dominated by age factor, sex, and weight of the sample. The result of the study was expected to be a reference of regional and other quarantine systems to improve the immunity system during the 14 days of quarantine.

scholarly journals Physical activity and energy balance

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (3a) ◽  
pp. 335-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen A. Van Baak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Resting Energy

AbstractEnergy expenditure rises above resting energy expenditure when physical activity is performed. The activity-induced energy expenditure varies with the muscle mass involved and the intensity at which the activity is performed: it ranges between 2 and 18 METs approximately. Differences in duration, frequency and intensity of physical activities may create considerable variations in total energy expenditure. The Physical Activity Level (= total energy expenditure divided by resting energy expenditure) varies between 1.2 and 2.2–2.5 in healthy adults. Increases in activity-induced energy expenditure have been shown to result in increases in total energy expenditure, which are usually greater than the increase in activity-induced energy expenditure itself. No evidence for increased spontaneous physical activity, measured by diary, interview or accelerometer, was found. However, this does not exclude increased physical activity that can not be measured by these methods. Part of the difference may also be explained by the post-exercise elevation of metabolic rate.If changes in the level of physical activity affect energy balance, this should result in changes in body mass or body composition. Modest decreases of body mass and fat mass are found in response to increases in physical activity, induced by exercise training, which are usually smaller than predicted from the increase in energy expenditure. This indicates that the training-induced increase in total energy expenditure is at least partly compensated for by an increase in energy intake. There is some evidence that the coupling between energy expenditure and energy intake is less at low levels of physical activity. Increasing the level of physical activity for weight loss may therefore be most effective in the most sedentary individuals.

scholarly journals The Association Between Self-Reported and Objectively Measured Energy Level in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 179-179
Author(s):  
Qu Tian ◽  
Nancy Glynn ◽  
Rebecca Ehrenkranz ◽  
Briana Sprague ◽  
Andrea Rosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Measured Energy ◽  
Objectively Measured

Abstract Energy is an important concept in human health and diseases. Self-reported energy has been described as “the individual’s potential to perform physical and mental activity” and “the individual’s energy availability”. However, little empirical data exists on whether self-reported energy level is related to objectively measured energy level. Prior research suggests that more energy availability is associated with higher physical activity level. It remains unclear whether self-reported energy availability would be associated with objectively measured energy level, such as active energy expenditure and total energy expenditure. Using data from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study, we identified 94 participants (mean age=86.2±2.4 y/o, 46%blacks, 52%women) with concurrent data on self-reported energy (scale 0-10) and objective energy level by the SenseWear Armband. We examined cross-sectional associations of self-reported energy with objectively measured energy and physical activity levels using Spearman correlation. Greater self-reported energy level was associated with higher daily active energy expenditure in kcal (r=0.30,p=0.004), higher METs (r=0.33,p<0.001), more minutes of physical activity (r=0.35,p<0.001), and more step counts (r=0.36,p<0.001). Self-reported energy was not associated with total energy expenditure (p=0.87) or estimated resting metabolic rate (p=0.53). Self-reported energy may reflect an individual’s activity energy expenditure but not total energy expenditure. It further supports the hypothesis that energy availability even by self-report connects to physical activity behavior. Whether self-reported energy correlates with other health outcomes warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Relationship between Measured Aerobic Capacity and Total Energy Expenditure Obtained by Doubly Labeled Water in Community-Dwelling Healthy Adults Aged 81-94y: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yasukata ◽  
Yosuke Yamada ◽  
Hiroyuki Sagayama ◽  
Yasuki Higaki ◽  
Hiroaki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water

Adequate energy intake is critical for the healthy longevity of older adults, and the estimated energy requirement is determined by total energy expenditure (TEE). We aimed to identify the relationship between measured aerobic capacity and TEE, activity energy expenditure (AEE) or physical activity level (PAL) with the doubly labeled water (DLW) methods in the advanced older adults. A total of 12 physically independent older adults (10 males and 2 females) aged between 81 to 94 years participated in this study. Aerobic capacity was evaluated according to the lactate threshold (LT). TEE under free-living conditions was assessed using the DLW method, and self-reported physical activity was obtained through the Japanese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). LT was significantly positively correlated with TEE, AEE, and PAL after adjustment for age and sex (ρ= 0.77 (P<0.01), 0.86 (p<0.01), and 0.86 (p<0.01), respectively). We found the LT as an aerobic capacity is positively and independently correlated with TEE, AEE or PAL. The present results suggest that maintaining aerobic capacity is an important factor for preventing frailty, although further research is needed to multisite studies and many samples.

scholarly journals A quantitative analysis of the relationship between habitual energy expenditure, fitness and the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Wareham ◽  
Susie J. Hennings ◽  
Christopher D. Byrne ◽  
C. Nicholas Hales ◽  
Andrew M. Prentice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Metabolic Cardiovascular Syndrome

Previous epidemiological studies have suggested an association between low levels of physical activity, fitness and the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome. However, many studies have used subjective non-quantitative questionnaire-based methods for assessing physical activity which do not distinguish between the different dimensions of this complex exposure, and in which measurement error in the exposure has not been estimated. These deficiencies in the measurement of this exposure complicate the interpretation of the results of epidemiological studies, and consequently make it difficult to design appropriate interventions and to estimate the expected benefit which would result from intervention. In particular, it is unclear whether public health advice should be to increase total energy expenditure, or to attempt to raise fitness by recommending periods of vigorous activity. To separate the effects of fitness and total energy expenditure in the aetiology of the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome, we measured the physical activity level (PAL), defined as total energy expenditure: BMR, and fitness (maximum O2consumption (Vo2maxper kg), measured in a sub-maximal test) in a cross-sectional population-based study of 162 adults aged 30–40 years. Heart-rate monitoring with individual calibration was used to measure total energy expenditure using the HRFlex method (Ceesayet al.1989) which has been validated previously against doubly-labelled water and whole-body calorimetry. The relationship between a single measure of PAL,Vo2maxper kg and the usual or habitual level for each exposure was measured in a sub-study of twenty-two subjects who undertook four repeated measures over the course of 1 year. This study design allows the reliability coefficient to be computed, which is used to adjust the observed associations for measurement error in the exposure. Twelve men (16.4%) and sixteen women (18.0%) were defined as having one or more features of the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome. The univariate odds ratio for each increasing quartile for PAL was 0.64 (95 % CI 0.43–0.94) and was 0.49 (95 % CI 0.32–0.74) forVo2maxper kg, suggesting that the association with the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome was stronger for fitness than for PAL. However, after adjustment for obesity and sex, and correction for exposure measurement error, the odds ratio per quartile for PAL was 0.32 (95 % CI 0.13–0.83) and 0.44 (95 % CI 0.24–0.78) forVo2maxper kg. Thus, although univariate analysis would suggest that fitness has a stronger association with the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome than PAL, this conclusion is reversed once confounding and the differences in measurement error are considered. We conclude from the present study that the metabolic cardiovascular syndrome is strongly associated with reduced habitual energy expenditure. The method employed to assess the exposure in the present study demonstrates the utility of assessing a known dimension of physical activity using a physiologically-based and objective measure with repeated estimation to adjust for measurement error. Such quantitative epidemiological data provide the basis for planning and evaluating the expected benefit of population-level interventions.

Total Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in Young Chinese Gymnasts

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S.W. Davies ◽  
Jian-Ying Feng ◽  
J. Anthony Crisp ◽  
Janice M.E. Day ◽  
Ann Laidlaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Total Energy Expenditure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Specialized School ◽  
First Time

The energy expenditure and hence energy requirements of 12 young Chinese gymnasts attending a specialized school in Beijing were assessed. Total energy expenditure was measured using the doubly labeled water technique and this, in conjunction with measures of basal metabolic rate (BMR), allows the calculation of a physical activity level (PAL). Mean PAL value for the gymnasts was 1.98, which is significantly different from published mean values found in nongymnast children of a similar age. This mean value is equivalent to very heavy levels of physical activity during the periods of training being undertaken. This is the first time that energy expenditure has been noninvasively measured in free-living young gymnasts. The data will be of use to sports scientists and nutritionists alike.

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