Phylogenetic Analyses of New Aquatic Hyphomycetes Provide Molecular Evidence for Microthyriaceae (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) Anamorph

The fungal family Microthyriaceae is represented by relatively few mycelial cultures and DNA sequences. As a result, the taxonomy and classification of this group of organisms remain poorly understood. Here, based on DNA sequences at four gene fragments (nuLSU rDNA, nuSSU rDNA, TEF1 and RPB2) in our analyses of aquatic hyphomycetes from southern China, we identify and report four new genera (Antidactylaria, Isthmomyces, Keqinzhangia, Pseudocoronospora) and thirteen new species (Antidactylaria minifimbriata, Pseudocoronospora hainanensis, Isthmomyces oxysporus, I. dissimilis, I. macrosporus, I. relanceatus, Keqinzhangia aquatica, Triscelophorus anakonajensis, T. anisopterioides, T. guizhouensis, T. mugecuoensis, T. multibrachiatus, T. neoseptatus; new combinations Isthmomyces asymmetrica, I. basitruncata, I. geniculata, I. lanceata, I. minima, I. rotundata) belonging to Microthyriaceae. Our results provided the first molecular evidence of asexual morph of this family and strengthened the phylogenetic placement of the family in class Dothideomycetes. The addition of these new taxa made Microthyriaceae the largest family comprising freshwater asexual genera in Pleosporomycetidae. In addition, we confirmed the monophyly of the genus Triscelophorus, the paraphyly of the genus Isthmolongispora, and revised 6 new combinations in Isthmolongispora. ITS barcoding of 13 species were also provided to help identify aquatic hyphomycetes in the future. Our results suggest that the asexual genera and sexual genera identified so far within this family have completely different ecological niches.

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Two new asexual genera and six new asexual species in the family Microthyriaceae (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) from China

MycoKeys ◽

10.3897/mycokeys.85.70829 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 85 ◽

pp. 1-30

Author(s):

Min Qiao ◽

Hua Zheng ◽

Ji-Shu Guo ◽

Rafael F. Castañeda-Ruiz ◽

Jian-Ping Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Taxa ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Southern China ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Large Subunit ◽

Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽

The Family

The family Microthyriaceae is represented by relatively few mycelial cultures and DNA sequences; as a result, the taxonomy and classification of this group of organisms remain poorly understood. During the investigation of the diversity of aquatic hyphomycetes from southern China, several isolates were collected. These isolates were cultured and sequenced and a BLAST search of its LSU sequences against data in GenBank revealed that the closest related taxa are in the genus Microthyrium. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the combined sequence data from the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and the large subunit (LSU), revealed that these isolates represent eight new taxa in Microthyriaceae, including two new genera, Antidactylariagen. nov. and Isthmomycesgen. nov. and six new species, Antidactylaria minifimbriatasp. nov., Isthmomyces oxysporussp. nov., I. dissimilissp. nov., I. macrosporussp. nov., Triscelophorus anisopterioideussp. nov. and T. sinensissp. nov. These new taxa are described, illustrated for their morphologies and compared with similar taxa. In addition, two new combinations are proposed in this family.

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A Phylogenetic and Taxonomic Study on Xylodon (Hymenochaetales): Focusing on Three New Xylodon Species from Southern China

Journal of Fungi ◽

10.3390/jof8010035 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

Meng-Han Qu ◽

Dong-Qiong Wang ◽

Chang-Lin Zhao

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Southern China ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Taxonomic Study ◽

The Family ◽

Three New Species ◽

Inference Methods ◽

High Support

Three wood-inhabiting fungal species, Xylodon laceratus, X. montanus, and X. tropicus spp. nov., were collected from southern China, here proposed as new taxa based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Xylodon laceratus is characterized by the resupinate basidiomata with grandinioid hymenophore having cracked hymenial surface, and ellipsoid basidiospores; X. montanus is characterized by the annual basidiomata having the hard, brittle hymenophore with cream hymenial surface, and ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (3.9–5.3 × 3.2–4.3 µm); and X. tropicus is characterized by its grandinioid hymenophore with buff to a pale brown hymenial surface and subglobose basidiospores measuring 2–4.8 × 1.6–4 µm. Sequences of ITS and nLSU rRNA markers of the studied samples were generated, and phylogenetic analyses were performed with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The ITS+nLSU analysis of the order Hymenochaetales indicated that the three new species clustered into the family Schizoporaceae, located in genus Xylodon; based on further analysis of ITS dataset, X. laceratus was a sister to X. heterocystidiatus; X. montanus closely grouped with X. subclavatus and X. xinpingensis with high support; while X. tropicus was retrieved as a sister to X. hastifer.

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Identification and Characterization of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Anthracnose Disease of Camellia oleifera in China

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-11-18-1955-re ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 474-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yixun Wang ◽

Jing-Yuan Chen ◽

Xiaowen Xu ◽

Junyong Cheng ◽

Lu Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Southern China ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Camellia Oleifera ◽

Colletotrichum Species ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Serious Disease

Tea-oil tree (Camellia oleifera Abel) is an important edible oil woody plant with a planting area over 3,800,000 hectares in southern China. Anthracnose is a serious disease of tea-oil tree in southern China, causing severe economic losses and posing a huge threat to the Ca. oleifera industry. Based on recent developments in the classification of Colletotrichum species, the objective of this study was to identify Colletotrichum species associated with tea-oil tree and examine their pathogenicity on leaves and fruits of Ca. oleifera. In total, 232 isolates were obtained from Ca. oleifera leaves and fruits with anthracnose symptoms. These isolates were further characterized based on morphology and multilocus phylogenetic analyses using partial DNA sequences at the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions and β-tubulin, actin, calmodulin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and chitin synthase-encoding genes. The fungal isolates belong to five species: C. camelliae, C. fructicola, C. siamense, C. aenigma, and C. gloeosporioides. C. camelliae was the most predominant and widely distributed species on fruits of Ca. oleifera (91.4%), followed by C. fructicola (6.3%). However, C. fructicola was common and widely distributed species on leaves (75.9%), followed by C. camelliae (17.2%). There was no evidence of geographical specialization of the different species. Pathogenicity assays showed that all tested isolates, including 20 of C. camelliae, 11 of C. fructicola, four of C. siamense, two of C. aenigma, and one of C. gloeosporioides, were pathogenic to leaves and fruits of Ca. oleifera. Among the five species, C. camelliae species showed strong pathogenicity on both leaves and fruits of Ca. oleifera, and C. fructicola, C. siamense, C. aenigma, and C. gloeosporioides all showed weak pathogenicity on both leaves and fruits. No relationship was found between origin of isolates and their virulence. This is the first description of C. camelliae, C. fructicola, C. siamense, and C. gloeosporioides from the fruits of Ca. oleifera in China.

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Pogostemon jaitapurensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from India based on morphological and molecular evidence

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.502.1.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 502 (1) ◽

pp. 28-50

Author(s):

ARUN NIVRUTTI CHANDORE ◽

ASIF SHABODIN TAMBOLI ◽

DEVIDAS BHAUSAHEB BORUDE ◽

AVINASH RAMCHANDRA GHOLAVE ◽

SANJAY PRABHU GOVINDWAR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Phylogenetic Placement ◽

Clade B ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Sectional Classification ◽

A New Species

Based on morphological and molecular analyses, Pogostemon jaitapurensis is described and illustrated as a new species from Konkan region of Maharashtra, India. Present study added the molecular data of Indian endemic Pogostemon species of sect. Verticillatus and provide their phylogenetic placement. The bayesian and parsimony phylogenetic analyses conducted resolve Pogostemon into two clades, from them the new species belongs to Clade B and shows close relationship with species of sect. Verticillatus. A possible relationship between the new species and P. deccanensis and P. erectus, endemic to India, is also revealed by the phylogenetic analyses. Phylogenetically, the new species has been also placed in genus Pogostemon subg. Dysophyllus sect. Verticillatus. Sectional classification of these species is congruent with their phylogenetic positions.

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Transfer of the New Caledonian genus Boronella to Boronia (Rutaceae) based on analyses of cpDNA and nrDNA

Australian Systematic Botany ◽

10.1071/sb15008 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 111 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Michael J. Bayly ◽

Marco F. Duretto ◽

Gareth D. Holmes ◽

Paul I. Forster ◽

David J. Cantrill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

New Caledonia ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Taxon Sampling ◽

New Combinations ◽

New Classification ◽

Infrageneric Classification ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Nuclear Its

As currently circumscribed, Boronia (Rutaceae) is a large Australian genus of 148 species distributed in all states and mainland territories, and Boronella is confined to New Caledonia and contains ~four species. We present molecular phylogenetic analyses of these genera, based on chloroplast (trnL–trnF) and nuclear (ITS, ETS) DNA sequences, to assess their relationships and infrageneric classification. Analyses strongly support the monophyly of a Boronia+Boronella clade and that Boronella is nested within Boronia. They also support the monophyly of Boronella and Boronia sections Algidae, Valvatae and Cyanothamnus, and ser. Pedunculatae (sect. Boronia), but resolve sect. Boronia and ser. Boronia as polyphyletic. On the basis of these results, we propose a new classification wherein Boronella is transferred to Boronia and recognised at the rank of section, and a new name and two new combinations in Boronia are provided for the following three species: Boronia hartleyi Duretto & Bayly, Boronia pancheri (Baill.) Duretto & Bayly and Boronia parvifolia (Baker f.) Duretto & Bayly. A revised circumscription is presented for Boronia sect. Boronia, and Pedunculatae is elevated from a series to a section. The relationships and classification of some taxa require further clarification, either because of limited taxon sampling, or because some nodes in phylogenetic analyses are poorly resolved or supported.

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Phylogenetic Relationship Within Genus Araucaria (Araucariaceae) Assessed by Means of AFLP Fingerprints

Silvae Genetica ◽

10.1515/sg-2006-0007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 55 (1-6) ◽

pp. 45-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

V. M. Stefenon ◽

O. Gailing ◽

R. Finkeldey

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Aflp Markers ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

The Family ◽

Chloroplast Dna Sequences

Abstract Highly polymorphic AFLP markers were applied to analyse the phylogenetic relationships of seven species from three sections within genus Araucaria (Araucariaceae) with cladistic and phenetic approaches. The objectives of the study were to compare the intrageneric relationships within Araucaria assessed by AFLP markers with the classification according to chloroplast DNA sequences and morphological characters. The AMOVA revealed 48% of the variation among species. The results of the principal coordinate analysis revealed three distinct groups: (1) A. angustifolia and A. araucana (= section Araucaria), (2) A. bidwillii (= section Bunya) and (3) A. cunninghamii, A. heterophylla, A. rulei and A. scopulorum (= section Eutacta). In the cladistic and phenetic analyses, phylogenetic trees were subdivided into two sister clades, one comprising the samples from section Eutacta, the other one was divided again into two sister clades corresponding to sections Araucaria and Bunya. These results are congruent with a previous phylogenetic study of the family Araucariaceae based on rbcL sequences and with the classification of genus Araucaria based on morphological characters. Both rbcL sequence data and AFLP analyses do not support section Bunya as one of the oldest sections within genus Araucaria, as suggested by the fossil record. The utility of AFLP markers for phylogenetic analyses is discussed.

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Discovery of New Genera Challenges the Subtribal Classification of Tok-Tok Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Sepidiini)

Insect Systematics and Diversity ◽

10.1093/isd/ixab006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Olivia M Gearner ◽

Marcin J Kamiński ◽

Kojun Kanda ◽

Kali Swichtenberg ◽

Aaron D Smith

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Species Group ◽

Phylogenetic Placement ◽

Darkling Beetles ◽

Species Groups ◽

Taxonomic Groups ◽

Inference Methods ◽

A New Species ◽

Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Abstract Sepidiini is a speciose tribe of desert-inhabiting darkling beetles, which contains a number of poorly defined taxonomic groups and is in need of revision at all taxonomic levels. In this study, two previously unrecognized lineages were discovered, based on morphological traits, among the extremely speciose genera Psammodes Kirby, 1819 (164 species and subspecies) and Ocnodes Fåhraeus, 1870 (144 species and subspecies), namely the Psammodes spinosus species-group and Ocnodes humeralis species-group. In order to test their phylogenetic placement, a phylogeny of the tribe was reconstructed based on analyses of DNA sequences from six nonoverlapping genetic loci (CAD, wg, COI JP, COI BC, COII, and 28S) using Bayesian and maximum likelihood inference methods. The aforementioned, morphologically defined, species-groups were recovered as distinct and well-supported lineages within Molurina + Phanerotomeina and are interpreted as independent genera, respectively, Tibiocnodes Gearner & Kamiński gen. nov. and Tuberocnodes Gearner & Kamiński gen. nov. A new species, Tuberocnodes synhimboides Gearner & Kamiński sp. nov., is also described. Furthermore, as the recovered phylogenetic placement of Tibiocnodes and Tuberocnodes undermines the monophyly of Molurina and Phanerotomeina, an analysis of the available diagnostic characters for those subtribes is also performed. As a consequence, Phanerotomeina is considered as a synonym of the newly redefined Molurina sens. nov. Finally, spectrograms of vibrations produced by substrate tapping of two Molurina species, Toktokkus vialis (Burchell, 1822) and T. synhimboides, are presented.

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A REVISED GENERIC SYNOPSIS OF HYACINTHACEAE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, BASED ON MOLECULAR EVIDENCE, INCLUDING NEW COMBINATIONS AND THE NEW TRIBE PSEUDOPROSPEREAE

Edinburgh Journal of Botany ◽

10.1017/s0960428603000404 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 533-568 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

J. C. MANNING ◽

P. GOLDBLATT ◽

M. F. FAY

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

New Combinations ◽

Generic Level ◽

The Family ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Single Genus ◽

New Tribe ◽

Sub Saharan

A revised generic synopsis of sub-Saharan Hyacinthaceae is presented, based on a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family. Generic rank is accorded only to reciprocally monophyletic clades that can be distinguished by recognizable morphological discontinuities, thereby permitting an appropriate generic assignment of species not included in the analysis. Three subfamilies are recognized within the region. Subfamily Ornithogaloideae, characterized by flattened or angular seeds with tightly adhering testa, is considered to include the single genus Ornithogalum, which is expanded to include the genera Albuca, Dipcadi, Galtonia, Neopatersonia and Pseudogaltonia. Recognizing any of these segregates at generic level renders the genus Ornithogalum polyphyletic, while subdivision of Ornithogalum into smaller, morphologically distinguishable segregates in order to preserve the monophyly of each is not possible. Subfamily Urgineoideae, characterized by flattened or winged seeds with brittle, loosely adhering testa, comprises the two mainland African genera Bowiea and Drimia. The latter is well circumscribed by its deciduous, short-lived perianth and includes the previously recognized genera Litanthus, Rhadamanthus, Schizobasis and Tenicroa. The monotypic Madagascan Igidia is provisionally included in the subfamily as a third genus on the basis of its seeds, pending molecular confirmation of its relationships. Subfamily Hyacinthoideae resolves into three clades, distinguished as tribes Hyacintheae (strictly northern hemisphere and not treated further), Massonieae and Pseudoprospereae tribus nov. Full descriptions and a key to their identification are provided for all genera. New combinations reflecting the generic circumscriptions adopted here are made for most African and all Indian and Madagascan species.

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Morphological and molecular evidence places Maronina into synonymy with Protoparmelia (Ascomycota: Lecanorales)

The Lichenologist ◽

10.1017/s0024282911000284 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 561-567 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

K. PAPONG ◽

G. KANTVILAS ◽

H. T. LUMBSCH

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequence ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

New Combinations ◽

Secondary Chemistry ◽

Phenotypic Characters ◽

Dna Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Placement

AbstractThe phylogenetic placement of the genus Maronina was studied, based chiefly on phenotypic characters such as thallus colour and anatomy, secondary chemistry, the anatomy of the excipulum and the ascus-type. DNA sequence data of mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal loci from some of the species support the hypothesis that Maronina is nested within Protoparmelia. Hence, Maronina is reduced to synonymy with Protoparmelia. Comparison of genetic distances suggests that the two varieties within M. orientalis should be regarded as distinct species. Consequently, the new combinations Protoparmelia australiensis (Hafellner & R. W. Rogers) Kantvilas et al., P. corallifera (Kantvilas & Papong) Kantvilas et al., P. hesperia (Kantvilas & Elix) Kantvilas et al., P. multifera (Nyl.) Kantvilas et al., and P. orientalis (Kantvilas & Papong) Kantvilas et al. are proposed.

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Sinalliaria, a new genus of Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.186.4.2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 186 (4) ◽

pp. 188 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ying-Ying Zhou ◽

HONG-WEI ZHANG ◽

JIANG-QIN HU ◽

Xiao-Feng Jin

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

New Genus ◽

Eastern China ◽

Distinct Group ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

New Combinations ◽

The Family ◽

Morphological And Molecular Data ◽

Seed Testa

Sinalliaria is described here as a new genus of the family Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on the morphological characters and molecular sequences. Sinalliaria differs from the related genus Orychophragmus in having basal leaves petiolate, simple or rarely with 1‒3 lateral lobes (not pinnatisect); cauline leaves petiolate, cordate at base (not sessile, auriculate or amplexicaul at base); petals obovate to narrowly obovate, claw inconspicuous (not broadly obovate, with a claw as along as sepal); siliques truncate (not long-beaked) at apex. The microscopic characters of seed testa also show significant differences between Sinalliaria and Orychophragmus. Phylogenetic evidence from DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid region trnL-trnF indicates that Sinalliaria is a distinct group related to Orychophragmus and Raphanus, but these three genera do not form a clade. The new genus Sinalliaria is endemic to eastern China and has only one species and one variety. The new combinations, S. limprichtiana (Pax) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang and S. limprichtiana var. grandifolia (Z. X. An) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang are proposed here.

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