Moving Toward Environmental Sustainability: ICTs, Freight Transport, and CO2 Emissions

Environmental Quality ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Freight Transportation ◽

Freight Transport ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Transport Activity ◽

Efficient Technology ◽

Internet Telephone

The link between ICTs, freight transport, and CO2 emissions has not received much explicit examination by researchers, despite freight transportation being an egregious contributor to environmental degradation. This paper investigates how ICTs can affect environmental quality when interacting with freight transport activities in 43 countries over the period 2002-2014, using carbon emissions as a proxy for environmental damages. ICTs are measured in terms of internet, telephone, and mobile phone technologies. Using GMM methodology, the results show that ICTs contribute to dampening environmental degradation when interacting with freight transport activities. Specifically, a 10% increase in the interaction between ICTs and freight transportation will decrease carbon emissions by between 1.27% and 3.02%. The results further suggest that fixed and smartphone technologies are the main contributors to reducing emissions when adopted in some specific transport sectors (i.e. road, rail, and inland), while the internet is the most efficient technology when interacting with air transport activity. In addition, the interaction between ICTs and multimodality accelerates environmental quality. The policy implications of these findings are discussed.

Green Complexity, Economic Fitness, and Environmental Degradation: Evidence from U.S. State-Level Data

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1035080/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

İbrahim Tuğrul Çınar ◽

İlhan Korkmaz ◽

Muhammet Yunus Şişman

Keyword(s):

Environmental Quality ◽

Negative Impact ◽

National Level ◽

State Level ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Green Economy ◽

The Us ◽

Green Production ◽

Significant Negative Impact

Abstract Green production is one of the major debates as environmental degradation poses threats globally. The paper attempts to explore the relationship between green economy and environmental quality by using Economic Fitness approach. We develop a Green Complexity Index (GCI) dataset consists of 290 traded green-labeled products for the US States between 2002 and 2018. We analyze the environmental performance of green production using the GCI data at the sub-national level. Findings indicate that exporting more complex green products has insignificant effects on local (i.e., Sulfur dioxide, Particulate Matter 10) and global polluters such as Carbon dioxide (CO2), even accounting for per capita income. Yet, overall economic complexity has a significant negative impact on the emission levels implying that sophisticated production significantly improves environmental quality in the US. The insignificant impact of GCI on environmental degradation suggests that green product classifications should incorporate the production and end-use stages of goods to limit the adverse environmental effects of green-labeled products. The study, therefore, provides policy implications for green industrial policies.JEL codes: O18, Q56, R11

Symmetric and Asymmetric Impact of Poverty, Income Inequality, and Population on Carbon Emission in Pakistan: New Evidence From ARDL and NARDL Co-Integration

Frontiers in Environmental Science ◽

10.3389/fenvs.2021.666362 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Salim Khan ◽

Wang Yahong

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Income Inequality ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Carbon Emission ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Gdp Per Capita ◽

Long Run ◽

Asymmetric Impact ◽

Per Capita

Several researchers have studied the relationship between poverty and environmental degradation, as these concerns are remained at top priority in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the symmetric and asymmetric impact of poverty and income inequality along with population and economic growth on carbon emissions (CO2e) has not been studied in the case of Pakistan. For this purpose, the short and long-run impact of poverty, income inequality, population, and GDP per capita on CO2e investigated by applying the Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) along with Non-linear Autoregressive Distributive Lag (NARDL) co-integration approach in the context of Pakistan for period 1971–2015. The symmetric results of the current study show poverty and population density along with GDP per capita increase carbon emissions in both the short and long-run, while income inequality has no impact on carbon emissions in the short-run. While in the long-run the symmetric results show that income inequality weakens environmental degradation in terms of carbon emissions. The analysis of NARDL also supports the results obtained from ARDL and suggests a positive effect of poverty, population, and economic growth on carbon emission in Pakistan. The empirical findings of the current study provide policy implications in light of the United Nation's SDGs for the development of Pakistan.

Economic Development and Environmental Degradation in Indonesia: Panel Data Analysis

Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan ◽

10.18196/jesp.v22i2.7629 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. Layouting

Author(s):

M Irsyad Ilham

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Panel Data ◽

Population Density ◽

Cross Section ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Panel Data Analysis ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Environmental Damage

This study analyzed the relationship of economic development, population density, and the number of vehicles on environmental degradation from 31 provinces in Indonesia for the period 2011-2019. Panel data analysis, which is widely used to examine issues that could not be studied in either cross-section or time-series alone, is used herein. The empirical results support the hypothesis on the direction of causality from those three factors of environmental damage in the country. The results concluded that economic development, population density, and the number of vehicles impacted on environmental degradation in Indonesia. The smallest cross-section random effect indicates the lowest environmental quality when all factors are fixed. The empirical findings provide important policy implications for Indonesia and it will direct its economic development model towards a green economic one. On the other hand, the growth of the population should be equalized with growth in human development. The distribution of population should be equalized among provinces by opening a new economic cluster to supply new work-fields. In addition, it should be for the country to create a more-educated population in order to protect environmental quality. Despite the unstoppable growth of vehicles, the government should implement the development of eco-friendly combustion technology besides reducing fuel consumption. Moreover, the road-making by plastic-based material can be considered to prevent land damage from plastic waste and might also recycle plastics which has caused pollution in Indonesia.

Financial Markets, Climate Change, and Paradoxes of Coordination and Intervention

Perspectives on Global Development and Technology ◽

10.1163/15691497-12341402 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 455-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Georgina Murray ◽

David Peetz

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Financial Markets ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Insurance Companies ◽

Internal Logic ◽

Finance Capital ◽

Different Parts

While capitalism as a system follows a logic that drives it toward environmental degradation, not every corporation blindly follows. Not all capital is opposed to action on climate change as corporations have their own internal logic and agency. This divides different parts of capital. For some corporations their logic promotes long-termism and environmental sustainability as this maximizes their profit (e.g. insurance companies). So ownership and the old divisions between industrial and finance capital are less relevant as corporations become increasingly financialized. The principal cleavage on climate issues is between companies whose profits are enhanced or threatened by carbon emissions.

Assessment of Financial Development on Environmental Degradation in KSA: How Technology Effect?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-439839/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abdussalam Aljadani

Keyword(s):

Financial Development ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Renewable Energy Consumption ◽

Causality Test ◽

Composite Effect ◽

Cointegration Tests ◽

Environmental Mitigation

Abstract The main purpose of this research is to test the effect of financial development, real GDP, population, technology on dioxide carbon emissions as well the technology effect of financial development and environmental degradation in the Saudi Arabia (KSA) over the period 1970–2016 and the STIRPAT (Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology) with an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model is used for the empirical inquest. These empirical findings by the Bounds cointegration tests show that the financial development and technology have a negative and significant impact on environmental degradation, firstly. Secondly, the technology effect of financial development (composite effect of technology and financial development) has an unfortunate effect on environmental mitigation. Finally, lower environmental mitigation is associated by a deepening in total population and affluence. Moreover, findings from the pairwise Granger causality test point that there is no causality running from both financial development and technology to the effect of technology among KSA. On the opposite, we looked at economic growth Granger, cause environmental quality. In addition, a unidirectional causality was seen running from environmental quality to financial development. The same, the relationship between affluence and financial development in KSA is unidirectional. Thus, various policy implications should be proposed to policymakers as enhancing the expansion of technology, especially in the industrial sector by incorporating renewable energy consumption to upgrade environmental quality.

Conceptualising the Sustainable Energy Security Dimensions of Malaysia: A Thematic Analysis through Stakeholder Engagement to Draw Policy Implications

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132112027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 12027

Author(s):

Saleh Shadman ◽

Marlia Mohd Hanafiah ◽

Christina May May Chin ◽

Eng Hwa Yap ◽

Novita Sakundarini

Keyword(s):

Energy Security ◽

Security Policy ◽

Energy Use ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Final Decision ◽

Energy Policies ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Efficient Technology ◽

Design Data

This study aims to provide established knowledge of the multi-dimensional concept of energy security through engaging stakeholders and experts. Energy security policy implications have been suggested in this study to address and mitigate energy security challenges. A total of seven emerging themes from semi-structured interviews have been discussed in-depth to understand the role of each theme and their interactions with energy policies. There is an urgent need to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and to look for alternative fuel options from renewable sources. At the same time, energy-efficient technology plays a significant role in improving overall efficiency and leading to reduced wastage of energy. This would, in turn, improve the availability and affordability of energy in Malaysia. Energy equity gets the most emphasis in the energy trilemma of Malaysia; however, equal importance should be attached to the nation’s energy security alongside environmental sustainability. The final decision of the trilemma balance and the energy policies that govern the energy use framework depends on the ministries and the regulatory bodies. An indicator mapping process has been recommended for these themes to quantify energy security by developing an energy security index. The thematic results discussed in this study have the potential to facilitate policymakers and energy analysts of countries with similar energy outlooks to design data-driven energy security policies.

Modeling the Dynamic Linkage between Tourism Development, Technological Innovation, Urbanization and Environmental Quality: Provincial Data Analysis of China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18168456 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (16) ◽

pp. 8456

Author(s):

Zhang Chenghu ◽

Muhammad Arif ◽

Khurram Shehzad ◽

Mahmood Ahmad ◽

Judit Oláh

Keyword(s):

Technological Innovation ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Tourism Development ◽

The Other ◽

Economic Methodology ◽

Causality Test ◽

Panel Causality ◽

Long Run

This study investigates the linkage between tourism development, technological innovation, urbanization and environmental degradation across 30 provinces of China. Based on data from 2001 to 2018, the study used an advanced economic methodology for the long-run estimate, the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimator, which accounts for heterogeneity in slope parameters and dependencies across countries. The empirical results show that tourism development degrades environmental quality, while technological innovation mitigates carbon emissions. Further, findings show that urbanization increases carbon emissions, while an inverted U-shaped relationship exists between economic growth and environmental degradation, implying the existence of EKC in China. Further, the Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test shows that any policy aimed at tourism development or technological innovation would substantially contribute to environmental degradation, but not the other way round.

Financial Leverage, Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation: Evidence from 30 Provinces in China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17030831 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 831

Author(s):

Miyun Zhao ◽

Rui Yang ◽

Yi Li

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Bank Loans ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Real Economy ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Financial Leverage ◽

Low Carbon Economy ◽

Generalized Moments

This study seeks to investigate the endogenous relationship between financial leverage, economic growth and environmental degradation in China by employing a the generalized moments method (GMM) panel vector autoregressive (PVAR) approach with a panel of data from China’s 30 provinces over the period 1997–2016. Three key results arise. First, financial leverage can significantly lessen economic growth, while economic growth decreases financial leverage. Second, economic growth provides an important impetus to boost carbon emissions. Finally, carbon emissions have inversely pushed up financial leverage. These results reflect to some extent China’s impressive rate of economic growth, which has been attained via continuously supporting inefficient state-owned enterprises and heavy and polluting industries through bank loans. The results are further supported by the variance decomposition. The findings provide valuable policy implications for deepening financial supply-side structure reform to transform and upgrade China’s real economy. These policy implications are conductive to developing a low-carbon economy.

Determinants of Consumption-Based Carbon Emissions in Chile: Application of Non-Linear ARDL

10.21203/rs.3.rs-164276/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo ◽

Edmund Ntom Udemba ◽

Zahoor Ahmed ◽

Dervis Kirikkaleli

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Technological Innovation ◽

Carbon Emissions ◽

Policy Implications ◽

The Novel ◽

Long Run ◽

Non Linear

Abstract In recent years, a growing number of scholars have employed various proxies of environmental degradation to understand the reasons behind rising environmental degradation. However, very few studies consider consumption-based carbon emissions even though a clear understanding of the impact of consumption patterns is essential to redirecting the pattern to more sustainable consumption. Thus, this study takes a step forward by using consumption-based carbon emissions (CCO2) as a proxy of environmental degradation using the novel non-linear ARDL. To the understanding of the investigators, no prior studies have investigated the drivers of consumption-based carbon emissions utilizing non-linear ARDL. The study employed ADF and KSS (non-linear) tests to check the stationary level of the data series. Additionally, the symmetric and asymmetric ARDL approaches are utilized to explore cointegration and long-run linkages. The results could not find symmetric cointegration among variables; however, the empirical estimates divulge the long-run asymmetric connection of indicators with the CCO2 emissions. The novel results from the asymmetric ARDL unfold that negative and positive changes in economic growth deteriorate the quality of the environment. Interestingly, a reduction in economic growth has a more dominant contribution to environmental degradation. Moreover, positive changes in renewable energy usage improve the quality of the environment in Chile inferring that Chile can achieve a reduction in environmental degradation by boosting renewable energy consumption. Surprisingly, the study found the ineffectiveness of technological innovation in reducing consumption-based carbon emissions which implies that technological innovation in Chile is not directed towards manufacturing green technology. Finally, the policy implications are discussed to reduce consumption-based carbon emissions.

Information and communication technologies, road freight transport, and environmental sustainability

Environmental Economics ◽

10.21511/ee.11(1).2020.11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 124-132

Author(s):

Walid Chatti

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Freight Transport ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Road Freight ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Internet Networks

Despite progress in reducing air pollutants in several countries, freight transport continues to have undesirable effects on environmental quality, human health, and the economy. Road freight transport, in particular, is associated with various negative externalities, including environmental and health damages, and the overexploitation of non-renewable natural resources. This paper investigates how ICTs interact with road freight transport to affect environmental quality regarding reducing CO2 emissions. The empirical strategy is focused on the yearly dataset from 2002 to 2014 in 43 countries. Using the two-step GMM techniques, the findings suggest that ICTs can decrease road freight transport’s negative impacts on environmental sustainability. Besides, the interactions of mobile phone and fixed telephone technologies with road freight transport are more efficient in reducing pollution than using internet networks. This paper underlines the importance of using ICTs to dampen road freight transport’s negative effects on environmental sustainability.