scholarly journals Stable Carbon Isotope (δ13C) Composition in Leaf of Pinus Sylvestris var. mongolica in Hulunbuir and its Relationship with Ecological Stoichiometry and Environmental Factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Ren ◽  
Shaozhu Qiu ◽  
Caiming Shen ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Ecological Stoichiometry ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Ecological Adaptation ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism

The decline in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in the introduction area has had a high profile in recent years. For the ecological restoration, management and silvicultural design of Mongolian pines in the introduction area, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth study on the ecological adaptation mechanism of Mongolian pines in provenances. The ecological process of water and nutrient accumulation as well as the influence of environmental factors on the photosynthetic physiology are the key to revealing the ecological adaptation mechanism of Mongolian pines. According to the differences of climate in the distribution area of Mongolian pines, sampling sites were set up, the effects of environmental factors on leaf δ13C and the relationship between leaf δ13C and nutrient content were analyzed. The results showed that leaf δ13C values were ranging from - 29.7 ‰ to - 23.76 ‰. The ecological stoichiometry, including LC (522.81 mg·g-1), LN (16.04 mg·g-1), LP (1.19 mg·g-1) and L-N:P (13.56), indicated that leaf photosynthesis and water use efficiency is greatly affected by environmental conditions, Mongolian pines had strong ability of carbon fixation, and its growth was obviously restricted by nitrogen. Although there was no significant correlation between δ13C with stoichiometric parameters in leaf, photosynthesis was the key link in the process of carbon fixation. It also showed that Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica was a stomatal limited plant. Leaf δ13C had significant correlation with climatic factors. VPD is the dynamic factor affecting the photosynthetic physiological process in leaves. Air and soil moisture are the dominate factors affecting the leaf stomatal conductance and determines leaf δ13C value, while other factors indirectly affect leaf δ13C by its impact on relative humidity or soil water content. Soil phosphorus content affected by clay is a key factor affecting soil water availability and soil nutrient cycling. Photosynthetic process in leaf is the dynamic process affecting the nutrient accumulation.

Effect of Climate Change on Agricultural Production

2022 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Helena Esteves Correia ◽  
Daniela de Vasconcelos Teixeira Agu Costa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
Ozone Level ◽  
Average Temperature

Agricultural production is influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, air humidity, soil water, light intensity, and CO2 concentration. However, climate change has influenced the values of average temperature, precipitation, global atmospheric CO2 concentration, or ozone level. Thus, climate change could lead to different situations on plants and consequently influence agricultural production. With this chapter, the authors intend to research how climate change influences some plant metabolisms (such as photosynthesis, photorespiration, transpiration, among others) and therefore agricultural production.

The Gain or Loss of Ecosystem Services in the Changbai Mountain Natural Reserves under the Policy Intervention

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1111-1115
Author(s):  
Dan Dan Yu ◽  
Shi Jie Han
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Changbai Mountain ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Oxygen Release ◽  
Natural Reserves

Based on the published studies and the data from multiple-year consecutive observation of the Long Term Ecological Research Station affiliated to the Chinese Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), the ecosystem services of carbon fixation and oxygen release, water conservation, soil conservation and nutrient accumulation of the Changbai Mountain Natural Reserve (CMNR), PR China, from 1985 to 1997 were evaluated using the Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China (LY/T17212008) promulgated by State Forestry Administration of China. The results show that the loss of ecosystem service value in CMNR was 59.76 million dollar under the policy intervention. These ecosystem services show trade-off/synergistic relationship. Carbon fixation and oxygen release, water conservation and soil conservation decreased greatly, while nutrient accumulation slightly increased from 1985 to 1997. This research could provide a scientific basis for policy-making in sustainable development of natural reserves.

scholarly journals Orange Rust Effects on Leaf Photosynthesis and Related Characters of Sugarcane

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 640-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duli Zhao ◽  
Neil C. Glynn ◽  
Barry Glaz ◽  
Jack C. Comstock ◽  
Sushma Sood
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Maximum Quantum Yield ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis

Orange rust of sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids), caused by Puccinia kuehnii, is a relatively new disease in the Western Hemisphere that substantially reduces yields in susceptible sugarcane genotypes. The objective of this study was to determine the physiological mechanisms of orange rust–induced reductions in sugarcane growth and yield by quantifying effects of the disease on leaf SPAD index (an indication of leaf chlorophyll content), net photosynthetic rate, dark respiration, maximum quantum yield of CO2 assimilation, carbon fixation efficiency, and the relationships between these leaf photosynthetic components and rust disease ratings. Plants growing in pots were inoculated with the orange rust pathogen using a leaf whorl inoculation method. A disease rating was assigned using a scale from 0 to 4 with intervals of 0.5. At disease ratings ≥2, the rust-infected leaf portion of inoculated plants showed significant reductions in SPAD index, maximum quantum yield, carbon fixation efficiency, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate; but the rusted portion of the infected leaves had increased intercellular CO2 concentration and leaf dark respiration rate. Although leaf SPAD index, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate at the rust-infected portion decreased linearly with increased rust rating, the effect of orange rust on photosynthetic rate was much greater than that on stomatal conductance and transpiration. Unlike earlier reports on other crops, reduction in leaf photosynthesis by orange rust under low light was greater than that under high light conditions. These results help improve the understanding of orange rust etiology and physiological bases of sugarcane yield loss caused by orange rust.

Root size, distribution and soil water depletion as affected by cultivars and environmental factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiying Zhang ◽  
Suying Chen ◽  
Hongyong Sun ◽  
Yanmei Wang ◽  
Liwei Shao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Depletion ◽  
Water Depletion ◽  
Root Size

scholarly journals Cultivar Differences in Leaf Photosynthesis and Grain Yield of Wheat under Soil Water Deficit Conditions.

1994 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michihiro WADA ◽  
Luiz J.C.B. CARVALHO ◽  
Gustavo C. RODRIGUES ◽  
Ryuichi ISHII
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Leaf Photosynthesis

Study on the Role of Ground Cover Plants Improving Environmental Factors – A Case Study of Glechoma longituba and Viola philippica

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 488-493
Author(s):  
Jie Qing Wang ◽  
De Ping Yang ◽  
Ning Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Oxygen Release ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
Glechoma Longituba

This article studied the role of ground cover plants improving environmental factors mainly taking Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kupr and Viola philippica as examples. The abilities of carbon fixation, oxygen release and transpiration heat absorbtion and dust-removal were measured ,and the results were shown:1. The ability of carbon fixation, oxygen release and transpiration heat absorbtion of Glechoma and V.philippica is in moderate leavel ;2. Planting G.longituba 28m2, or V.philippica 37 m2, can supply oxygen for an adult one day including gas and breathing oxygen consumption;3. The daily heat absorbtion of 1 m2G.longituba is equivalent to air conditioner working 5.79h, and V.philippica , 5.2h;4. 100m2G.longituba can retain dust 2.86kg per year , while V.philippica, 13.63kg per year. Which shows that ground cover plants have a great ability to improve the environment.

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