scholarly journals Tree Resin as the Most Macroergic Constituent of Conifers – A Possible Means to Mitigate Global Warming and Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Demko ◽  
Ján Machava
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuels ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Efficient Energy Use

Tree resin, which in addition to its widespread use in industry is also a macroergic component which has not yet been used for energy purposes. The main goal of this work is to determine the energy content of the resin of spruce, pine and larch and wood components – pulp and turpentine. The combustion heats of resin (MJ/kg) from each timber was determined calorimetrically. The energy values of tree resin (>38.0 MJ.kg-1) were 2.2 and 2.4 times higher than that of bleached and unbleached cellulose, the highest value was recorded for the turpentine (>39.0 MJ.kg-1). The best way of resin tapping is the America method, providing 5 kg resin ha-1 yr-1. The resin quantity tapped was raised at least 3 times applying stimulant, its production cost compared to other feedstocks was the cheapest. The tree resin can be applied as a good means to mitigate global warming and consequently dampen climate change. One tonne of tree resin burned instead of coal spares the atmosphere by 5.0 Mt CO2 since it is environmentally neutral. As resin heating values approach to the lower end of ones of liquid hydrocarbon fuels, greater efforts are needed to examine the most efficient energy use of resin.

Rational and efficient energy use programs in Non-Interconnected Zones in Colombia: a system dynamics analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan F. García-Franco ◽  
Sandra X. Carvajal-Quintero ◽  
Santiago Arango-Aramburo
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Efficient Energy Use

Efficient Energy Use in Japanese Cities

1998 ◽  
pp. 178-192
Author(s):  
Keisuke Hanaki ◽  
Toshiaki Ichinose
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Efficient Energy Use

Consumers’ Attitudes about Energy Conservation in Sweden, Canada, and the United States, with Implications for Policymakers

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris T. Allen ◽  
Roger J. Calantone ◽  
Charles D. Schewe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Personal Involvement ◽  
Economic Rationale ◽  
Promotion Campaigns ◽  
Efficient Energy Use

Cross-cultural comparisons can prove helpful for pinpointing factors which underlie efficient energy use. This study examines differences in the attitudes of Swedes, Canadians, and Americans about energy conservation, as a vehicle for evaluating the energy policies of these nations. Although they are efficient energy users, the heavily regulated Swedes possess weaker perceptions of personal involvement and effectiveness with regard to their energy problems. Canadians seem to have a more realistic understanding of the energy situation, and are more sensitive to the economic rationale for conservation, possibly as a result of their government's conservation promotion campaigns. Implications of the findings for U.S. energy policy are discussed.

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