Efficient Energy Use in Pump Water Supply Systems in Cold Regions

Author(s):  
D. D. Deering ◽  
Y. H. Lim
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-221
Author(s):  
K. L. Lam ◽  
P. A. Lant ◽  
S. J. Kenway

Abstract During the Millennium Drought in Australia, a wide range of supply-side and demand-side water management strategies were adopted in major southeast Australian cities. This study undertakes a time-series quantification (2001–2014) and comparative analysis of the energy use of the urban water supply systems and sewage systems in Melbourne and Sydney before, during and after the drought, and evaluates the energy implications of the drought and the implemented strategies. In addition, the energy implications of residential water use in Melbourne are estimated. The research highlights that large-scale adoption of water conservation strategies can have different impacts on energy use in different parts of the urban water cycle. In Melbourne, the per capita water-related energy use reduction in households related to showering and clothes-washing alone (46% reduction, 580 kWhth/p/yr) was far more substantial than that in the water supply system (32% reduction, 18 kWhth/p/yr). This historical case also demonstrates the importance of balancing supply- and demand-side strategies in managing long-term water security and related energy use. The significant energy saving in water supply systems and households from water conservation can offset the additional energy use from operating energy-intensive supply options such as inter-basin water transfers and seawater desalination during dry years.


2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 2745-2760
Author(s):  
Iliana Cardenes ◽  
Afreen Siddiqi ◽  
Mohammad Mortazavi Naeini ◽  
Jim W. Hall

Abstract A large part of operating costs in urban water supply networks is usually due to energy use, mostly in the form of electricity consumption. There is growing pressure to reduce energy use to help save operational costs and reduce carbon emissions. However, in practice, reducing these costs has proved to be challenging because of the complexity of the systems. Indeed, many water utilities have concluded that they cannot practically achieve further energy savings in the operation of their water supply systems. This study shows how a hybrid linear and multi-objective optimization approach can be used to identify key energy consumption elements in a water supply system, and then evaluate the amount of investment needed to achieve significant operational gains at those points in the supply network. In application to the water supply system for the city of London, the method has shown that up to 18% savings in daily energy consumption are achievable. The optimal results are sensitive to discount rate and the financial value placed on greenhouse gas emissions. Valuation of greenhouse gas emissions is necessary to incentivise high levels of energy efficiency. The methodology can be used to inform planning and investment decisions, with specific focus on reducing energy consumption, for existing urban water supply systems.


Revista DAE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 221 (68) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Silvia Fernanda Paffrath

Resumo Cada vez mais têm sido estudadas formas de minimizar gastos com energia e/ou de obter formas alternativas de geração, principalmente pela diminuição de oferta hídrica em diversos locais. Nos sistemas de abastecimento de água, são altos os gastos com energia, principalmente nas estações elevatórias. Em sistemas que fazem a distribuição de água por gravidade, não é rara a utilização de válvulas redutoras de pressão em pontos especí- ficos em que é necessária essa redução para garantir condições favoráveis de transporte de água na tubulação. Nesse sentido, ocorre dissipação de energia que poderia ser aproveitada no próprio sistema. Tendo em vista esse aproveitamento energético, esse estudo tem como objetivo determinar de forma teórica a potência gerada por uma bomba funcionando como turbina em locais onde há excedente de pressão, tomando por base dados de um sistema teórico de abastecimento de água de município de pequeno porte. Os resultados mostram que a alternativa é tecnicamente viável, gerando 2,2 KW de potência e 16,4 MW/ano de energia, que poderia ser uti- lizada no próprio sistema, em pontos onde seria necessário bombeamento, seja na captação ou na própria rede de abastecimento, em transição de zonas baixas para altas. Palavras-chave: Eficiência energética. Bomba funcionando como turbina (BFT). Abstract It has increasingly been studied ways to minimize energy costs and to obtain alternative forms of generation, mainly by the reduction of water supply in various locations. In water supply systems, energy costs are high, especially in pumping stations. In systems that make the distribution of water using gravity, it is not uncommon to use pres- sure reducing valves at specific points at which this reduction is necessary to ensure favorable conditions of water transport in the pipe. In this sense, there is dissipation of energy that could be used in the system itself. In view of this energy use, this study aims to determine theoretically the power generated by a pump functioning as turbine in places where there is excess pressure, based on data from a theoretical system of a small town water supply. From the results, the alternative proved to be technically feasible, with power generated at 2.2 KW and energy at 16.4 MW/year, which could be used in the system itself, at points where pumping would be required, either on capture or in the supply network, in transition from low to high areas. Keywords: Energy efficiency. pump functioning as turbine.


Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3278
Author(s):  
Armando Carravetta ◽  
Maurizio Giugni ◽  
Stefano Malavasi

The larger anthropic pressure on the Water Supply Systems (WSS) and the increasing concern for the sustainability of the large energy use for water supply, transportation, distribution, drainage and treatment are determining a new perspective in the management of water systems [...]


Planning and dimensioning of desalination plants is usually done by engineers based on an estimation of the capacity of makeup water that is needed for a certain site. Planning a solar- powered system of water and energy supply is complicated and requires a lot of experience from the executing engineer. Optimization methods can support the process of planning complex energy and water supply systems in many ways. Structural optimization is a way to determine an optimized size and configuration for a given task. In this paper a methodology is presented that allows for structural optimization of energy and water supply systems with a focus on a high share of solar energy use. The methodology has been implemented using a software framework that contains functionality for modelling, simulating, optimizing and analyzing energy and water supply systems. Based on load profiles for energy and water as well as technical and economical parameters of the components, a linear optimization is carried out in order to calculate an optimized structure of the system. Furthermore the optimization calculates the capacities of the desalination and energy conversion components and an optimized mode of operation depending on the primary energy prices and solar yield. The methodology uses a MILP algorithm to solve the optimization problem based on linear component models. The linear optimization is coupled with an algebraic equation solver to allow solving of nonlinear equations as well, thus forming a hybrid simulation and optimization algorithm.


2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Lyons ◽  
P. Zhang ◽  
T. Benn ◽  
F. Sharif ◽  
K. Li ◽  
...  

The issues of water supply and management will become more and more critical as the global population increases. In order to meet future demands, water supply systems must be developed to maximize the use of locally available water. It is also important to minimize the impact of water system developments on the environment. In this study, the overall environmental impacts were compared for water importation, reclamation and seawater desalination to address the water scarcity in areas where local supplies are not sufficient. The city of Scottsdale, Arizona was chosen for this study. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was performed and it suggests that seawater desalination has the highest impact whereas reclamation shows a relatively lower impact. However, Importation and reclamation systems have comparable results for several damage categories. The impacts of facility operations are significantly higher than the construction phase even when the life-span of infrastructure reduces from 50 year to 10 year. Due to the high impacts associated with the energy use during plant operations, different energy mixes were analyzed for their capabilities to lower the environmental burden.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document