scholarly journals Left Cardiac Remodelling assessed by Echocardiography is Associated with Rho-kinase Activation in Long-distance Runners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Contreras-Briceño ◽  
Julian Vega ◽  
Jorge Mandiola ◽  
María Paz Ocaranza ◽  
Sebastián Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Remodelling ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Rock Activity

This single-blind and cross-sectional study evaluated the role of Rho-kinase (ROCK) as a biomarker of the cardiovascular remodelling process assessed by echocardiography in competitive long-distance runners (LDR) during the training period before a marathon race. Thirty-six healthy male LDR (37.0±5.3 years; 174.0±7.0 height; BMI: 23.8±2.8; VO2-peak: 56.5±7.3 mL·kg-1·min-1) were separated into two groups according to previous training level: high-training (HT, n=16) ≥100 km·week-1 and low-training (LT, n=20) ≥70 and <100 km·week-1. Also, twenty-one healthy nonactive subjects were included as a control group (CTR). A transthoracic echocardiography was performed and ROCK activity levels in circulating leukocytes were measured at rest (48-hr without exercising) the week before the race. HT group showed higher left ventricular mass index (LVMi) and left atrial volume index (LAVi) than other groups (p<0.05, for both), also higher levels of ROCK activity were found in LDR (HT=6.17±1.41 vs CTR=1.64±0.66 (p<0.01); vs LT=2.74±0.84; (p<0.05)). In LDR a direct correlation between ROCK activity levels and LVMi (r=0.83; p<0.001), and LAVi (r=0.70; p<0.001) were found. In conclusion, in male competitive long-distance runners, the load of exercise implicated in marathon training is associated with ROCK activity levels and the left cardiac remodelling process assessed by echocardiography.

scholarly journals Left Cardiac Remodelling Assessed by Echocardiography Is Associated with Rho-Kinase Activation in Long-Distance Runners

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Felipe Contreras-Briceño ◽  
Julián Vega ◽  
Jorge Mandiola ◽  
María Paz Ocaranza ◽  
Sebastián Herrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Remodelling ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Rock Activity

This single-blind and cross-sectional study evaluated the role of Rho-kinase (ROCK) as a biomarker of the cardiovascular remodelling process assessed by echocardiography in competitive long-distance runners (LDRs) during the training period before a marathon race. Thirty-six healthy male LDRs (37.0 ± 5.3 years; 174.0 ± 7.0 height; BMI: 23.8 ± 2.8; V˙ O2-peak: 56.5 ± 7.3 mL·kg−1·min−1) were separated into two groups according to previous training level: high-training (HT, n = 16) ≥ 100 km·week−1 and low-training (LT, n = 20) ≥ 70 and < 100 km·week−1. Also, twenty-one healthy nonactive subjects were included as a control group (CTR). A transthoracic echocardiography was performed and ROCK activity levels in circulating leukocytes were measured at rest (48 h without exercising) the week before the race. The HT group showed a higher left ventricular mass index (LVMi) and left atrial volume index (LAVi) than other groups (p < 0.05, for both); also, higher levels of ROCK activity were found in LDRs (HT = 6.17 ± 1.41 vs. CTR = 1.64 ± 0.66 (p < 0.01); vs. LT = 2.74 ± 0.84; (p < 0.05)). In LDRs a direct correlation between ROCK activity levels and LVMi (r = 0.83; p < 0.001), and LAVi (r = 0.70; p < 0.001) were found. In conclusion, in male competitive long-distance runners, the load of exercise implicated in marathon training is associated with ROCK activity levels and the left cardiac remodelling process assessed by echocardiography.

Abstract 13798: Influence of Advanced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling on Accuracy of Echocardiographic Parameters of Left Ventricular Filling Pressure

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Chiba ◽  
Hiroyuki Iwano ◽  
Sanae Kaga ◽  
mio shinkawa ◽  
Michito Murayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Right Heart Catheterization ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Left Atrial Volume Index ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters

Introduction: Evaluation of left ventricular (LV) filling pressure (FP) plays an important role in the clinical management of pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the accuracy of echocardiographic parameters for the estimation of LV FP in the presence of pulmonary vascular lesions has not been fully addressed. Methods: We investigated 87 patients diagnosed with PH due to pulmonary vascular lesions (non-cardiac PH; PH NC ) (PH NC group) and 117 patients with ischemic heart disease without reduced LV ejection fraction (<40%) (control group). Mean pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were obtained by right heart catheterization. As echocardiographic parameters of LV FP, the ratio of early- (E) to late-diastolic transmitral flow velocity (E/A), ratio of E to early-diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e'), and left atrial volume index (LAVI) were measured. The PH NC group was subdivided into non-severe and severe groups according to median PVR (5.3 Wood units). Results: PAWP was 12±5 mmHg in controls, 9±4 mmHg in non-severe PH NC , and 8±3 mmHg in severe PH NC . In the control and non-severe PH NC groups, positive correlations were observed between PAWP and E/A (R=0.66 and R=0.41, respectively), E/e' (R=0.36 and R=0.33), and LAVI (R=0.38 and R=0.62). In contrast, in the severe PH NC group, PAWP was only correlated with LAVI (R=0.41, p=0.006). In the control group, PAWP determined E (β=0.45, p<0.001) but PVR did not, whereas both PAWP and PVR were independent determinants of E (β=0.32, p=0.001; and β=-0.35, p<0.001, respectively) in the PH NC group. Conclusions: In the presence of advanced pulmonary vascular lesions, conventional Doppler echocardiographic parameters may not accurately reflect LV FP. Importantly, elevated PVR would lower the E value, even when PAWP is elevated, resulting in blunting of these parameters for the detection of elevated LV FP. LAVI might be a reliable parameter for estimating LV FP in patients with severe non-cardiac PH.

Cardiovascular responses to static exercise in distance runners and weight lifters

1980 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 676-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Longhurst ◽  
A. R. Kelly ◽  
W. J. Gonyea ◽  
J. H. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Weight Lifting ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Exercise ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Weight Lifters

Sixty individuals including 17 competitive weight lifters (CWL), 12 competitive long-distance runners (LDR), 7 amateur (noncompetitive) weight lifters (AWL), 14 heavy controls (HC), and 10 light controls (LC) were studied at supine rest and during static exercise at 40% of maximal voluntary contraction. Blood pressures were similar in all groups at rest (R) and exercise (EX), but the heart rate (HR) and calculated double product (DP) of the LDR were lower at rest (HR: 53 +/- 2.9 beats/min, DP: 6,346 +/- 402) and at fatigue (HR: 78 +/- 5.4 beats/min. DP: 12,739 +/- 1,011) compared to the control group (R-HR: 69 +/- 2.2 beats/min, DP: 8,553 +/- 372; EX-HR: 97 +/- 3.5 beats/min, DP: 16,345 +/- 836). The LDR demonstrated higher end-diastolic volume index (EDVI) and higher end-systolic volume index (ESVI) at rest (EDVI: 84 +/- 3.7, ESVI: 31 +/- 2.7 ml/m2) and at the time of fatigue (EDVI: 90 +/- 5, ESVI: 37 +/- 2.7 ml/m2) compared to the LC group (R-EDVI: 61 +/- 4.4, ESVI: 22 +/- 2.2; EX-EDVI: 75 +/- 3.4, ESVI: 27 +/- 3.2 ml/m2). The CWL, AWL, and control groups had similar HR, DP, and cardiac volumes at rest and during exercise. These data suggest that competitive endurance (dynamic exercise) training alters the cardiovascular response to static exercise. On the other hand, weight lifting (static exercise) training does not alter the cardiovascular response to static exercise.

scholarly journals P1506 The correlation between left atrial volume index and cerebrovascular stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Almaghraby ◽  
M Abdelnabi ◽  
T Kemaloglu Oz ◽  
Y Saleh ◽  
H Shehata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Atrial Volume Index ◽  
Cerebrovascular Stroke

Abstract OnBehalf YIG-CVR Introduction Increased left atrial (LA) size was associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes such as the development of heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF), and stroke in the elderly. Aim of the work To determine the relation between left atrial volume index (LAVI) and the occurrence of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke (CVS) in patients with sinus rhythm. Patients and Methods A prospective analysis of the data of patients admitted to a tertiary care center. Left atrial volume index (LAVI) was measured in 1222 patients admitted to our center with first attack of acute ischemic cerebrovascular stroke (CVS) and the data was matched with 1222 patients admitted by diagnoses other than acute ischemic stroke. Patients with valvular heart diseases, history of AF and with known cardio-embolic source of stroke as left ventricular thrombi or masses were excluded from both groups. Results The mean age was 61.1 ± 14.4 years in the CVS group and 61.5 ± 12.4 years in the control group, males were 806 (71.43%) in the CVS group and 852 (73.47%) in the control group. LAVI was 35 ± 10.3 ml/m2 in the CVS group while it was only 25.8 ± 6.4 ml/m2 in the control group which was statistically significant (P value= 0.002). Conclusion LAVI is a strong parameter that can be used to predict the occurrence of CVS in patients with sinus rhythm. Total (n = 2444) Acute CVS (n = 1222) No CVS (n = 1222) P-value Age (years) 61.1 ± 14.4 61.5 ± 12.4 0.75 Sex (Males) 806 (66%) 852 (70%) 0.65 Diabetes 655 (53.6%) 603 (49.3%) 0.6 Hypertension 702 (57.5%) 675 (55.2%) 0.55 Smoking 599 (49%) 564 (46.2%) 0.71 Dyslipidemia 310 (25.4%) 299 (24.5%) 0.81 Mean BP (mmHg) 122 ± 15 119 ± 17 0.88 Heart rate (bpm) 82 ± 16 85 ± 18 0.76 Hemoglobin (g/dl) 12.3 ± 1.3 12.9 ± 1.7 0.61 Platelets (103/l) 255 ± 110 235 ± 95 0.35 INR 1.15 ± 0.11 1.09 ± 0.18 0.75 Ejection fraction (%) 55 ± 12 51 ± 11 0.41 LAVI (ml/m2) 35 ± 10.3 25.8 ± 6.4 0.002* Results are represented as number (%) or mean ± standard deviation, BP = Blood Pressure, INR = International Normalization Ratio, * significant P value &lt; 0.05 Abstract P1506 Figure. Comparison between both groups

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Influence of advanced pulmonary vascular remodeling on accuracy of echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular filling pressure

2020 ◽  
pp. 204589402098372
Author(s):  
Yasuyuki Chiba ◽  
Hiroyuki Iwano ◽  
Sanae Kaga ◽  
Mio Shinkawa ◽  
Murayama Michito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Right Heart Catheterization ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Left Atrial Volume Index ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters

Evaluation of left ventricular (LV) filling pressure plays an important role in the clinical management of pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the accuracy of echocardiographic parameters for the determination of LV filling pressure in the presence of pulmonary vascular lesions has not been fully addressed. We retrospectively investigated 124 patients with PH due to pulmonary vascular lesions (noncardiac PH group) and 113 patients with ischemic heart disease (control group) who underwent right heart catheterization and echocardiography. The noncardiac PH group was subdivided into less-advanced and advanced groups according to median pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) was determined as LV filling pressure. As echocardiographic parameters of LV filling pressure, the ratio of early- (E) to late-diastolic transmitral flow velocity (E/A), ratio of E to early-diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e'), and left atrial volume index (LAVI) were measured. In the less-advanced noncardiac PH and control groups, positive correlations were observed between PAWP and E/A (R=0.41, P=0.002 and R=0.71, P<0.001 respectively) and LAVI (R=0.53, P<0.001 and R=0.41, P<0.001), whereas in the advanced noncardiac PH group, PAWP was only correlated with LAVI (R=0.27, P=0.032). In the controls, only PAWP determined E (β=0.48, P<0.001), whereas both PAWP and PVR were independent determinants of E (β=0.29, P<0.001 and β=–0.28, P=0.001, respectively) in the noncardiac PH group. In conclusion, in the presence of advanced pulmonary vascular lesions, conventional echocardiographic parameters may not accurately reflect LV filling pressure. Elevated PVR would lower the E, even when PAWP is elevated, resulting in blunting of echocardiographic parameters for the detection of elevated LV filling pressure.

scholarly journals Left Atrial Volume Index in Diagnosis of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxue Pang ◽  
Ruoyi Liu ◽  
Li Xu ◽  
Xin Tao ◽  
Xuezeng Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Left Atrial Volume Index ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction

Abstract Objective To assess the value of left atrium volume index（LAVI）for diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) based on the invasive determination of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP).Methods A total of 710 cases of patients with dyspnea (LVEF≥50%) were enrolled in this retrospective study. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was measured through selective coronary angiography. According to the value of LVEDP, cases were divided into the HFpEF group ( LVEDP≥15mmHg) and the control group (LVEDP<15mmHg). LAVI was calculated based on cardiac compartment diameter, as measured by echocardiography, and body surface area (BSA). Differences of LAVI between the HFpEF group and the control group, and between subgroups in the HFpEF group were analyzed.Results The difference in LAVI between the control group and the HFpEF group was statistically significant (41.35±2.28vs.46.78±2.63ml/m2, p=0.008). LVEDP was positively correlated with LAVI (Pearson: r=0.787, P＜0.001). When LAVI took the best cutoff value of 43.7 mm/m2, the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of HFpEF were 92.0% and 88.9%. When the boundary value of LAVI was from 41.7 to 45.7 mm/m2, the sensitivity of the diagnosis of ejection fraction retention heart failure was from 97.4% to 64.4% and the specificity was from 51.2.0% to 92.2%.Conclusion In patients with dyspnea after exclusion of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), LAVI is positively correlated with LVEDP. LAVI can be used to diagnose HFpEF when HFrEF is excluded.

scholarly journals Left atrial volume stress echocardiography in chronic coronary syndromes

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Morrone ◽  
R Arbucci ◽  
K Wierzbowska-Drabik ◽  
Q Ciampi ◽  
J Peteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrial ◽  
Stress Echocardiography ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Contractile Reserve ◽  
Atrial Volume ◽  
Reservoir Function ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
B Lines

Abstract Background An enlarged left atrial volume index (LAVI) at rest mirrors increased LA pressure and/or impairment of LA function. A cardiovascular stress may acutely modify LAVI within minutes. Purpose To assess the feasibility and functional correlates of LAVI-stress echocardiography (SE) Methods Out of 514 subjects referred to 10 quality-controlled labs, LAVI-SE was completed in 490 (359 male, age 67±12 yrs, ejection fraction 60±10%) with suspected or known chronic coronary syndromes (n=462) or asymptomatic controls (n=28). The utilized stress was exercise in 177, vasodilator in 167, dobutamine in 146. LAVI was measured with the biplane disk summation method. SE was performed with the ABCDE protocol. In a single center sub-study in 50 subjects, including 28 controls and 22 patients, also peak longitudinal atrial strain (PALS, %) was measured as an index of LA reservoir function. Results The intra-observer and inter-observer LAVI variability were 5% and 8%, respectively. Δ-LAVI changes (stress-rest) were negatively correlated with resting LAVI (r=−0.271, p&lt;0.001), heart rate reserve (r=−0.239, p&lt;0.001), and Δ-PALS (n=50, r=−0.374, p=0.007).LAVI-dilators were defined as those with stress-rest increase ≥6.8 ml/m2, a cutoff derived from a calculated reference change value above the biological, analytical and observer variability of LAVI. LAVI dilation (see figure) occurred in 56 patients (11%). At multivariable logistic regression analysis, B-lines ≥2 (OR: 2.586, 95% CI =1.1293–5.169, p=0.007) and abnormal left ventricular contractile reserve (OR: 2.207, 95% CI=1.111–4.386, p=0.024) were associated with LAVI dilation. Conclusion LAVI-SE is feasible, with high success rate and low variability, in patients with chronic coronary syndromes. A wet (increased B-lines) and weak (reduced LV contractile reserve and LA reservoir function) heart frequently portends LAVI dilation during stress. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Heart in Acromegaly: The Echocardiographic Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with Acromegaly in Various Stages of the Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Popielarz-Grygalewicz ◽  
Jakub S. Gąsior ◽  
Aleksandra Konwicka ◽  
Paweł Grygalewicz ◽  
Maria Stelmachowska-Banaś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Acromegalic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
The Right

To determine whether the echocardiographic presentation allows for diagnosis of acromegalic cardiomyopathy. 140 patients with acromegaly underwent echocardiography as part of routine diagnostics. The results were compared with the control group comprising of 52 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Patients with acromegaly presented with higher BMI, prevalence of arterial hypertension, and glucose metabolism disorders (i.e., diabetes and/or prediabetes). In patients with acromegaly, the following findings were detected: increased left atrial volume index, increased interventricular septum thickness, increased posterior wall thickness, and increased left ventricular mass index, accompanied by reduced diastolic function measured by the following parameters: E’med., E/E’, and E/A. Additionally, they presented with abnormal right ventricular systolic pressure. All patients had normal systolic function measured by ejection fraction. However, the values of global longitudinal strain were slightly lower in patients than in the control group; the difference was statistically significant. There were no statistically significant differences in the size of the right and left ventricle, thickness of the right ventricular free wall, and indexed diameter of the ascending aorta between patients with acromegaly and healthy volunteers. None of 140 patients presented systolic dysfunction, which is the last phase of the so-called acromegalic cardiomyopathy. Some abnormal echocardiographic parameters found in acromegalic patients may be caused by concomitant diseases and not elevated levels of GH or IGF-1 alone. The potential role of demographic parameters like age, sex, and/or BMI requires further research.

scholarly journals Features of the relationship between the parameters of left ventricular mechanics and the level of biomarkers of heart failure in patients with epicardial obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Gritsenko ◽  
GA Chumakova
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Left Atrial Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Serum Biomarker ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Ventricular Mechanics ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Currently, there is no serum biomarker that is a marker of the presence of heart failure (HF) at an early stage. It is also shown that the traditional indicators used for the diagnosis diastolic dysfunction (DD) of left ventricular (LV) using echocardiography (ECG) are not informative enough. Thus, it is currently relevant to study new serum biomarkers of DD, such as sST2, as well as to study the mechanics of LV. Objective to study the relationship between mechanics of LV and the level of sST2 (bioamarker of HF) in patients with epicardial obesity (EO). Materials and methods The study included 110 men with general obesity. According to the results of echocardiography (ECG), patients were divided into 2 groups: EO (+) with epicardial fat thickness (tEAT) ≥7 mm (n = 70); EO (-) with tEAT &lt;7 mm (n = 40) without diastolic dysfunction according to the results of ECG. All patients were assessed for sST2 and NT-pro-BNP levels using enzyme immunoassay. Using speckle-tracking ECG, the mechanics of LV were studied (twist LV, peak twist ratio LV, time to peak twist of LV, peak untwist ratio LV, time to peak untwist of LV). The exclusion criteria were the presence of coronary pathology, arterial hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results In the group patients with EO ( + ) a statistically significant increase in the level of sST2 was revealed in comparison with the group of EO (-) [21,55 ng/ml (26,52; 15,40) and 9.89 ng/ml (11.12; 7.95); p = 0.001, respectively], while the levels of NT-pro-BNP in both groups were not statistically different [211.36 pg / ml (254.0; 156.0) and 204.81 pg / ml (268.0; 157.0), respectively, p = 0.85]. When determining the parameters of DD LV by ECG, there were no statistical differences between the EO (+) and EO (-) groups [e ", cm / sec 0.09 (0.11; 0.09) and 0.09 (0.11; 0.09), respectively, p = 0.63; E/e " , units, 7.80 (8.90; 6.55) in the EO (+) and 8.53 (9.70; 7.20) in the EO group ( - ), p = 0.08; left atrial volume index, ml / sq2, in the EO group (+) 28.39 (31.25; 24.17) and in the EO group(-) 27,82 (30,21; 25,66), p = 0.55; in the EO group ( + ), the maximum speed of tricuspid regurgitation, m / sec, is 2.78 (2.9; 2.58) in the EO group(-) 2,67 (2,87; 2,41), p = 0.13]. According to the results of speckle-tracking ECG in the EO (+) group, an increase peak untwist ratio LV to -128.31 (-142.0; -118.0) deg/s-1 (p = 0.002) and an increase time to peak untwist of LV of 476.44 (510.0; 411.0) msec was determined in comparison with the EO ( - ) group (p = 0.03). A significant relationship between peak untwist ratio LV and sST2 was revealed (r = 0.37; p = 0.02). Conclusion Thus, it can be assumed that patients with EO have DD LV at the preclinical stage, which is not diagnosed using traditional ECG indicators. The serum biomarker sST2 is an early marker of the presence of HF.

Fasudil prevents KATP channel-induced improvement in postischemic functional recovery

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (6) ◽  
pp. H3011-H3015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenya Nishizawa ◽  
Paul E. Wolkowicz ◽  
Tadashi Yamagishi ◽  
Ling-Ling Guo ◽  
Martin M. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
High Energy Phosphate ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Rat Hearts ◽  
Perfused Rat Hearts ◽  
Rock Activity ◽  
Mechanical Recovery

Whereas activation of ATP-dependent potassium (KATP) channels greatly improves postischemic myocardial recovery, the final effector mechanism for KATP channel-induced cardioprotection remains elusive. RhoA is a GTPase that regulates a variety of cellular processes known to be involved with KATP channel cardioprotection. Our goal was to determine whether the activity of a key rhoA effector, rho kinase (ROCK), is required for KATP channel-induced cardioprotection. Four groups of perfused rat hearts were subjected to 36 min of zero-flow ischemia and 44 min of reperfusion with continuous measurements of mechanical function and 31P NMR high-energy phosphate data: 1) untreated, 2) pinacidil (10 μM) to activate KATP channels, 3) fasudil (15 μM) to inhibit ROCK, and 4) both fasudil and pinacidil. Pinacidil significantly improved postischemic mechanical recovery [39 ± 16 vs. 108 ± 4 mmHg left ventricular diastolic pressure (LVDP), untreated and pinacidil, respectively]. Fasudil did not affect reperfusion LVDP (41 ± 13 mmHg) but completely blocked the marked improvement in mechanical recovery that occurred with pinacidil treatment (54 ± 15 mmHg). Substantial attenuation of the postischemic energetic recovery was also observed. These data support the hypothesis that ROCK activity plays a role in KATP channel-induced cardioprotection.

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