scholarly journals Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Soil Fertility and Its Importance in Phytoremediation of Polluted Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Fofana Fall ◽  
Grace Nakabonge ◽  
Joseph Ssekandi ◽  
Hassna Founoune-Mboup ◽  
Samuel Obeng Apori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Element Cycling ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships

A single paragraph Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic relationships with many crops. These soil microbiotas improve the soil fertility through the soil physical, chemical and biological properties. extending the root absorbing area. In return, the symbiont receives plant carbohydrates for the completion of its life cycle. AMF also helps plants to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses such as extreme temperature, heavy metal, diseases, and pathogens. For soil physical properties, the mechanisms used by AMF are the production of a glycoprotein, glomalin, which creates a high quality of soil macro-aggregations. These macro-aggregations control soil erosion, nutrients and organic matter losses. For soil chemical properties, AMF produce acids and an enzyme called phosphatase. This enzyme hydrolyzes the inorganic phosphorus and the rock phosphate (RP) hence making P available in the soil for plant uptake. AMF also are involved in soil nitrogen, carbon and trace element cycling. Regarding the biological component of the soil, AMF influence the composition, diversity and activity of microbial communities in the hydrosphere. They also work in synergy with others soil microorganisms to improve soil fertility, plant growth and resistance against some diseases. In this review, we present the contribution of AMF on soil fertility and importance in polluted soils.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi along secondary forest succession at the eastern periphery of Amazonia: Seasonal variability and impacts of soil fertility

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Alexander Reyes ◽  
Paula Fernanda Alves Ferreira ◽  
Luana Corrêa Silva ◽  
Marlon Gomes da Costa ◽  
Camila Pinheiro Nobre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Seasonal Variability ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Secondary Forest Succession ◽  
Eastern Periphery

scholarly journals Structure-specific regulation of nutrient absorption, metabolism and transfer in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromu Kameoka ◽  
Taro Maeda ◽  
Nao Okuma ◽  
Masayoshi Kawaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Fungal Nutrition

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic relationships with most land plants, mainly for the purpose of nutrient exchange. Many studies have revealed the regulation of absorption, metabolism, and transfer of nutrients in AMF and the genes involved in these processes. However, the spatial regulation of the genes among the structures comprising each developmental stage are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate the structure-specific transcriptome of the model AMF species, Rhizophagus irregularis. We performed an ultra-low input RNA-seq analysis, SMART-seq2, comparing five extraradical structures, germ tubes, runner hyphae, branched absorbing structures, immature spores, and mature spores. In addition, we reanalyzed the recently reported RNA-seq data comparing intraradical hyphae and arbuscules. Our analyses captured the distinct features of each structure and revealed the structure-specific expression patterns of genes related to absorption, metabolism, and transfer of nutrients. Of note, the transcriptional profiles suggest the distinct functions of branched absorbing structures in nutrient absorption. These findings provide a comprehensive dataset to advance our understanding of the transcriptional dynamics of fungal nutrition in this symbiotic system.

scholarly journals Use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Vegetable Crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpitha Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Symbiotic Relationships ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

AMF (Arbuscular Mychorhizal Fungi) are very well known due to their importance in promoting growth and developments of plants especially vegetables. These fungi can be grown easily, stored and multiplied with simple means, also the application of these fungi is generally on the layer of the soil or near the roots in the inner layers of the soils. The growth of the amf fungi is very easy and they are highly adjustable to any soil and environmental conditions. In this review our main focus is on the use of amf for production of vegetables and also the effect of amf against insects and pests. The amf is known to reduce several symptoms caused by different insect pests and also plant diseases thereby promoting healthy growth of the plants. Also use of this amf will increase the uptake of nutrient from the soils through symbiotic relationships between plants and fungi. The uptake of important minerals which are drawn from deeper layers of soils is observed with the help pf amf. This study reveals the benefits of the use of amf under severe disease and pest incidences thereby known as an alternate for harmful chemical pesticides and fungicides.

scholarly journals Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Plant Growth and Performance: Importance in Biotic and Abiotic Stressed Regulation

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Diagne ◽  
Mariama Ngom ◽  
Pape Ibrahima Djighaly ◽  
Dioumacor Fall ◽  
Valérie Hocher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
And Performance

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish symbiotic associations with most terrestrial plants. These soil microorganisms enhance the plant’s nutrient uptake by extending the root absorbing area. In return, the symbiont receives plant carbohydrates for the completion of its life cycle. AMF also helps plants to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, extreme temperature, heavy metal, diseases, and pathogens. For abiotic stresses, the mechanisms of adaptation of AMF to these stresses are generally linked to increased hydromineral nutrition, ion selectivity, gene regulation, production of osmolytes, and the synthesis of phytohormones and antioxidants. Regarding the biotic stresses, AMF are involved in pathogen resistance including competition for colonization sites and improvement of the plant’s defense system. Furthermore, AMF have a positive impact on ecosystems. They improve the quality of soil aggregation, drive the structure of plant and bacteria communities, and enhance ecosystem stability. Thus, a plant colonized by AMF will use more of these adaptation mechanisms compared to a plant without mycorrhizae. In this review, we present the contribution of AMF on plant growth and performance in stressed environments.

Genetic variability in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi compatibility supports the selection of durum wheat genotypes for enhancing soil ecological services and cropping systems in Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Singh ◽  
C. Hamel ◽  
R.M. DePauw ◽  
R.E. Knox
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Mycorrhizal Dependency ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

Crop nutrient- and water-use efficiency could be improved by using crop varieties highly compatible with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Two greenhouse experiments demonstrated the presence of genetic variability for this trait in modern durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. var. durum Desf.) germplasm. Among the five cultivars tested, ‘AC Morse’ had consistently low levels of AM root colonization and DT710 had consistently high levels of AM root colonization, whereas ‘Commander’, which had the highest colonization levels under low soil fertility conditions, developed poor colonization levels under medium fertility level. The presence of genetic variability in durum wheat compatibility with AMF was further evidenced by significant genotype × inoculation interaction effects in grain and straw biomass production; grain P, straw P, and straw K concentrations under medium soil fertility level; and straw K and grain Fe concentrations at low soil fertility. Mycorrhizal dependency was an undesirable trait of ‘Mongibello’, which showed poor growth and nutrient balance in the absence of AMF. An AMF-mediated reduction in grain Cd under low soil fertility indicated that breeding durum wheat for compatibility with AMF could help reduce grain Cd concentration in durum wheat. Durum wheat genotypes should be selected for compatibility with AMF rather than for mycorrhizal dependency.

scholarly journals Response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil chemical properties to Brachiaria decumbens grass production technologies

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
AMANDA SILVA PARRA ◽  
ANGELA MARIA MOGOLLÓN ORTIZ ◽  
HERNANDO DELGADO HUERTAS
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Livestock Systems

The aim of this research was study if the effect of different Brachiaria decumbens production technologies could to improve the sustainability of livestock systems at Cumaral, Meta, Colombia. We evaluated the effects of two pastures type: Brachiaria decumbens grass (B1) and Brachiaria decumbens grass associated with kudzu Pueraria phaseloides legume (B2), four lime doses: 0 t CaCO3 ha-1 (L0), 1.1 t CaCO3 ha-1 (L1),  2.2 t CaCO3 ha-1 (L2), 3.3 t CaCO3 ha-1 (L3), and three N, P, K fertilizers sources:  Urea, triple superphosphate (TSP), potassium chloride (PCl) on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and soil chemical properties (SCP). B2*N, P, K fertilizers sources L3 and L2 showed highest number of spores of AMF and improvement of the SCP.

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