Combination Breeding and Marker-Assisted Selection to Develop Late Blight Resistant Potato Cultivars

(1) Background: Although resistance to pathogens and pests has been researched in many potato cultivars and breeding lines with DNA markers, there is scarce evidence as to the efficiency of the marker-assisted selection (MAS) for these traits when applied at the early stages of breeding. A goal of this study was to estimate the potential of affordable DNA markers to track Rpi disease resistance genes, that are effective against the pathogen Phytophthora infestans, as a practical breeding tool on a progeny of 68 clones derived from a cross between the cultivar Sudarynya and 13/11-09. (2) Methods: this population was studied for four years to elucidate the distribution of LB resistance and other agronomical desirable or simple to phenotype traits such as tuber and flower pigmentation, capacity and structure of yield. LB resistance was phenotypically determined through natural and artificial infection and the presence/absence of nine Rpi genes was assessed via 11 sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. To aid this analysis, the profile of Rpi genes in the 13/11-09 parent was established using diagnostic resistance gene enrichment sequencing (dRenSeq) as a gold standard. (3) Results: at the early stages of a breeding program, MAS can halve the workload when screening the segregation of F1 offspring and selected SCAR markers for Rpi-genes provide useful tools.

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Combination Breeding and Marker-Assisted Selection to Develop Late Blight Resistant Potato Cultivars

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11112192 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2192

Author(s):

Mariya P. Beketova Beketova ◽

Nadezhda A. Chalaya ◽

Nadezhda M. Zoteyeva ◽

Alena A. Gurina ◽

Mariya A. Kuznetsova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Late Blight ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Scar Markers ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽

Early Stages ◽

Gene Enrichment ◽

Flower Pigmentation

(1) Background: Although resistance to pathogens and pests has been researched in many potato cultivars and breeding lines with DNA markers, there is scarce evidence as to the efficiency of the marker-assisted selection (MAS) for these traits when applied at the early stages of breeding. A goal of this study was to estimate the potential of affordable DNA markers to track resistance genes that are effective against the pathogen Phytophthora infestans (Rpi genes), as a practical breeding tool on a progeny of 68 clones derived from a cross between the cultivar Sudarynya and the hybrid 13/11-09. (2) Methods: this population was studied for four years to elucidate the distribution of late blight (LB) resistance and other agronomical desirable or simple to phenotype traits such as tuber and flower pigmentation, yield capacity and structure. LB resistance was phenotypically evaluated following natural and artificial infection and the presence/absence of nine Rpi genes was assessed with 11 sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers. To validate this analysis, the profile of Rpi genes in the 13/11-09 parent was established using diagnostic resistance gene enrichment sequencing (dRenSeq) as a gold standard. (3) Results: at the early stages of a breeding program, when screening the segregation of F1 offspring, MAS can halve the workload and selected SCAR markers for Rpi-genes provide useful tools.

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Marker assisted selection of potato breeding lines with combination of PVY resistance genes from different wild species

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BREEDING ◽

10.30901/2658-6266-2019-4-o1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 6-14

Author(s):

E. V. Voronkova ◽

N. V. Rusetskiy ◽

V. I. Luksha ◽

O. B. Gukasian ◽

V. M. Zharich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Genes ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Virus Infections ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Breeding Material ◽

Pvy Resistance ◽

Wide Range ◽

Effective Use ◽

Different Origin

Potato virus Y (PVY) is considered as one of the most harmful virus infections of this crop. Thus, it is a topical problem to breed potato varieties resistant against a wide range of PVY strains and to create initial breeding material that will have a combination of resistance genes from different species. The aim of the study was: (1) to genotype a collection of 376 breeding lines (BL), developed from complex interspecific hybrids, using DNA markers of PVY resistance genes, (2) to identify accessions with markers of resistance genes from different species for subsequent use in marker assisted selection (MAS), (3) to evaluate the suitability of DNA markers of PVY resistance genes for genotyping BL developed through interspecific hybridization. It was ascertained that the markers most widely represented in the collection were RYSC3 of the Ryadg gene (49.7%), Ry364 and RAPD38-530 of the Rychc gene (50.5% and 45.2%, respectively), and Yes3-3A of the Rysto gene (29.8%). The markers Ry186 of Rychc and GP122/EcoRV780 of Ryf-sto were found only in some accessions. The frequency of occurrence of BL that had markers of PVY resistance genes from two different species varied between 2.7% (Yes3-3a marker of Rysto and both two markers of Rychc) and 8.5-9.0% (RYSC3 marker of Ryadg and both two markers of Rychc, or only Ry364 marker of this gene). In total, the collection was found to contain 134 BL (47.6%) with markers of resistance genes from two different species. A combination of four markers for three genes of different origin (Ryadg, Rysto and Rychc) was found in 27 BL (7.2%). Extreme resistance to PVY of most BL (302 out of 357) was obviously determined by the presence in them of the currently used resistance genes detected by DNA markers applied in the study. Nevertheless, a significant part of accessions (55 of 61) that did not have any markers was resistant to PVY. At the same time, 13 BL (3.5%) with the markers were susceptible to the virus. Such a level of discrepancies is considered as acceptable for the initial MAS of breeding material. The obtained data on the presence of the markers of PVY resistance genes of different origin and their combination in BL ensures a more effective use of such BL in breeding in comparison with the BL resistant to the virus, though lacking corresponding markers.

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Study of informative DNA markers of the Rf1 gene in sunflower for breeding practice

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding ◽

10.17221/108/2016-cjgpb ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 69-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N. Markin ◽

A. Usatov ◽

M. Makarenko ◽

K. Azarin ◽

O. Gorbachenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Markers ◽

Fertility Restoration ◽

Test System ◽

Scar Markers ◽

Perennial Species ◽

Annual Species ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽

Pcr Test ◽

Fertility Restoration Gene

The investigation of DNA markers associated with the pollen fertility restoration gene (Rf1) was conducted in Helianthus. Two sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers – HRG01 and HRG02 were informative for the identification of Rf1 gene in selections of sunflower plants. The codominant character of the HRG01 marker and HRG01 amplicon polymorphism has been determined. Five annual and twenty-six perennial species of sunflower were tested for the presence of Rf genotypes. HRG02 proved to be a more appropriate marker for Rf1 determination in perennial species, and HRG01 was more informative for annual species. We have also developed the multiplex RT-PCR test system, which allows simultaneously detecting the dominant allele of Rf1 and CMS-PET1 associated mitotype.

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Identification of Grape (Vitis) Rootstocks Using Sequence Characterized Amplified Region DNA Markers

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.2.267 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 267-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Hong Xu ◽

Alan T. Bakalinsky

Keyword(s):

Dna Markers ◽

Rapd Markers ◽

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Scar Markers ◽

Polymorphic Markers ◽

Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽

Annealing Temperatures

Five sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) DNA markers were reevaluated at substantially higher annealing temperatures than originally reported; four were polymorphic among nine rootstocks tested. Four new informative SCAR markers also are reported, based on redesigning primers from previously cloned random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Based on the eight polymorphic markers, rootstocks MG 420A, MG101-14, Richter 99, Couderc 3309, and Kober 5BB were distinguishable. Riparia Gloire and Couderc 1616 could be distinguished from the others, but not from one another, and SO4 and 5C also could be distinguished from the others, but not from one another.

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Molecular marker-assisted selection of HMW glutenin alleles related to wheat bread quality by PCR-generated DNA markers

Theoretical and Applied Genetics ◽

10.1007/s001220051558 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 101 (5-6) ◽

pp. 892-896 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

M. Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Molecular Marker ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Bread Quality ◽

Wheat Bread ◽

Hmw Glutenin ◽

Selection Of

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Distribution of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici races and virulence in wheat growing regions of Kenya from 1970 TO 2014

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-11-20-2341-re ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mercy Wamalwa ◽

Ruth Wanyera ◽

Julian Rodriguez-Algaba ◽

Lesley Boyd ◽

James Owuoche ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stripe Rust ◽

Fungal Pathogen ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Yellow Rust ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Scar Markers ◽

Seedling Resistance ◽

Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽

Triticum Spp ◽

Virulence Diversity

Stripe rust, caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a major threat to wheat (Triticum spp.) production worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the virulence of Pst races prevalent in the main wheat growing regions of Kenya, which includes Mt. Kenya, Eastern Kenya, and the Rift Valley (Central, Southern, and Northern Rift). Fifty Pst isolates collected from 1970 to 1992 and from 2009 to 2014 were virulence phenotyped using stripe rust differential sets, and 45 isolates were genotyped with sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers to differentiate among the isolates and identify aggressive strains PstS1 and PstS2. Virulence corresponding to stripe rust resistance genes Yr1, Yr2, Yr3, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr25, Yr27 and the seedling resistance in genotype Avocet S were detected. Ten races were detected in the Pst samples obtained from 1970 to 1992, and three additional races were detected from 2009 to 2014, with a single race being detected in both periods. The SCAR markers detected both Pst1 and Pst2 strains in the collection. Increasing Pst virulence was found in the Kenyan Pst population, and that diverse Pst race groups dominated different wheat growing regions. Moreover, recent Pst races in east Africa indicated possible migration of some race groups into Kenya from other regions. This study is important in understanding Pst evolution and virulence diversity and useful in breeding wheat cultivars with effective resistance to stripe rust. Keywords: pathogenicity, Puccinia f. sp. tritici stripe (yellow) rust, Triticum aestivum

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Potato cultivars vary in susceptibility to blackleg (Erwinia carotovora subsp atroseptica)

New Zealand Plant Protection ◽

10.30843/nzpp.2009.62.4847 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 403-403

Author(s):

P.J. Wright ◽

J.A.D. Anderson

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Bacterial Growth ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Erwinia Carotovora ◽

Potato Cultivars ◽

Plant Food ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Food Research ◽

Commercial Cultivars

Ten potato cultivars were tested for susceptibility to infection by Erwinia carotovora subsp atroseptica (Eca) the causal agent of blackleg over two maincrop seasons in 200506 and 200607 The pathogen was inoculated into seed tubers using toothpicks charged with undiluted bacterial growth Blackleg incidence was assessed 56 weeks after planting The field experiments clearly confirmed that potato cultivars vary significantly in susceptibility to blackleg Some New Zealand cultivars had a lower susceptibility to blackleg than current commercial cultivars The new Plant Food Research release Summer Delight in particular had an exceptional level of resistance and will be used as a parent in efforts to develop potato cultivars with lower blackleg susceptibility than current local commercial cultivars Routine screening of Plant Food Research breeding lines and cultivars will continue to be carried out over several seasons to confirm results presented here and to determine further blacklegresistant germplasm

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Genetic Variation among and within United States Collard Cultivars and Landraces as Determined by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Markers

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.121.3.374 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 121 (3) ◽

pp. 374-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Mark W. Farnham

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Dna Markers ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽

Brussels Sprouts ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Intrapopulation Variation ◽

Similarity Indices ◽

Systematic Collection

A collection of collard (Brassica oleracea L., Acephala group) germplasm, including 13 cultivars or breeding lines and 5 landraces, was evaluated using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and compared to representatives of kale (Acephala group), cabbage (Capitata group), broccoli (Italica group), Brussels sprouts (Gemmifera group), and cauliflower (Botrytis group). Objectives were to assess genetic variation and relationships among collard and other crop entries, evaluate intrapopulation variation of open-pollinated (OP) collard lines, and determine the potential of collard landraces to provide new B. oleracea genes. Two hundred nine RAPD bands were scored from 18 oligonucleotide decamer primers when collard and other B. oleracea entries were compared. Of these, 147 (70%) were polymorphic and 29 were specific to collard. Similarity indices between collard entries were computed from RAPD data and these ranged from 0.75 to 0.99 with an average of 0.83. Collard entries were most closely related to cabbage (similarity index = 0.83) and Brussels sprouts entries (index = 0.80). Analysis of individuals of an OP cultivar and landrace indicated that intrapopulation genetic variance accounts for as much variation as that observed between populations. RAPD analysis identified collard landraces as unique genotypes and showed them to be sources of unique DNA markers. The systematic collection of collard landraces should enhance diversity of the B. oleracea germplasm pool and provide genes for future crop improvement.

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