scholarly journals Direct in vivo Analysis of CBD- and THC-Acid Type Cannabinoids and Classification of Cannabis Cultivars by SpiderMass

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Ogrinc ◽  
Serge Schneider ◽  
Adèle Bourmaud ◽  
Michel Salzet ◽  
Isabelle Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Ir Laser ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Transfer Tube ◽  
Acid Type ◽  
Recreational Use

In the recent years, Cannabis and hemp-based products have become increasingly popular for various applications ranging from recreational use, edibles, beverages to health care products and medicines. The rapid detection and differentiation of phytocannabinoids is, therefore, essential to assess the potency, therapeutic and nutritional values of cannabis cultivars. Here, we implemented the SpiderMass technology for the in vivo detection of cannabidiol acid (CBDA) and tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA) and other endogenous organic plant compounds to access distribution gradients within the plants and differentiate cultivars. The SpiderMass system is composed of an IR- laser handheld microsampling probe connected to the mass spectrometer through a transfer tube. The analysis was performed in situ on different plant organs from freshly cultivated Cannabis plants in only a few seconds. SpiderMass analysis easily discriminated the two acid phytocannabinoid isomers by MS/MS and the built statistical models differentiated between four Cannabis cultivars. Different abundancies of acid phytocannabinoids were also found along the plant as well as between different cultivars. All together, these results introduce the direct analysis by SpiderMass as a compelling analytical alternative for forensic and hemp industrial analysis.

scholarly journals Apoferritin Amyloid-Fibril Directed the In Situ Assembly and/or Synthesis of Optical and Magnetic Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Rocío Jurado ◽  
Natividad Gálvez
Keyword(s):  
Metal Binding ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Inorganic Species ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

The coupling of proteins that can assemble, recognise or mineralise specific inorganic species is a promising strategy for the synthesis of nanoscale materials with a controllable morphology and functionality. Herein, we report that apoferritin protein amyloid fibrils (APO) have the ability to assemble and/or synthesise various metal and metal compound nanoparticles (NPs). As such, we prepared metal NP–protein hybrid bioconjugates with improved optical and magnetic properties by coupling diverse gold (AuNPs) and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) to apoferritin amyloid fibrils and compared them to the well-known β-lactoglobulin (BLG) protein. In a second approach, we used of solvent-exposed metal-binding residues in APO amyloid fibrils as nanoreactors for the in situ synthesis of gold, silver (AgNPs) and palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs). Our results demonstrate, the versatile nature of the APO biotemplate and its high potential for preparing functional hybrid bionanomaterials. Specifically, the use of apoferritin fibrils as vectors to integrate magnetic MNPs or AuNPs is a promising synthetic strategy for the preparation of specific contrast agents for early in vivo detection using various bioimaging techniques.

Use of a Mono-Fiber Optrode in Remote and in Situ Measurements by the Raman/Laser/Fiber Optics (RLFO) Method

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2013-2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quang Huy ◽  
Michel Jouan ◽  
Nguyen Quy Dao
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Raman Laser ◽  
In Situ Measurements ◽  
Laser Fiber ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Analytical Possibility ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
User Friendly

A new versatile mono-fiber optrode based on the combined use of a dual-fiber optrode and a short mono-fiber is proposed. The quantitative analytical possibility of this optrode configuration is tested on benzene/heptane mixtures with the use of a PLS procedure, and good results are obtained. The new all-purpose mono-fiber optrode is extremely simple and user friendly and can be used for in situ and in vivo detection.

scholarly journals Pre-Cancerous Stomach Lesion Detections with Multispectral-Augmented Endoscopic Prototype

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Alexandre Krebs ◽  
Yannick Benezeth ◽  
Thomas Bazin ◽  
Franck Marzani ◽  
Dominique Lamarque
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Stomach Diseases ◽  
Healthy Mucosa ◽  
External Light Source

In this paper, we are interested in the in vivo detection of pre-cancerous stomach lesions. Pre-cancerous lesions are unfortunately rarely explored in research papers as most of them are focused on cancer detection or conducted ex-vivo. For this purpose, a novel prototype is introduced. It consists of a standard endoscope with multispectral cameras, an optical setup, a fiberscope, and an external light source. Reflectance spectra are acquired in vivo on 16 patients with a healthy stomach, chronic gastritis, or intestinal metaplasia. A specific pipeline has been designed for the classification of spectra between healthy mucosa and different pathologies. The pipeline includes a wavelength clustering algorithm, spectral features computation, and the training of a classifier in a “leave one patient out” manner. Good classification results, around 80%, have been obtained, and two attractive wavelength ranges were found in the red and near-infrared ranges: [745, 755 nm] and [780, 840 nm]. The new prototype and the associated results give good arguments in favor of future common use in operating rooms, during upper gastrointestinal exploration of the stomach for the detection of stomach diseases.

In situ PCR for in vivo detection of foreign genes transferred into rat brain

1998 ◽  
Vol 783 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Yin ◽  
Michael G Kaplitt ◽  
Ann D Kwong ◽  
Donald W Pfaff
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
In Situ Pcr ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Foreign Genes

scholarly journals A subset of dendritic cells induces CD4+ T cells to produce IFN-γ by an IL-12–independent but CD70-dependent mechanism in vivo

2007 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 1095-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Soares ◽  
HaeNa Waechter ◽  
Nicholas Glaichenhaus ◽  
Evelyne Mougneau ◽  
Hideo Yagita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
In Vivo Detection ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Resistance To Infection

Interferon (IFN)-γ, a cytokine critical for resistance to infection and tumors, is produced by CD4+ helper T lymphocytes after stimulation by cultured dendritic cells (DCs) that secrete a cofactor, interleukin (IL)-12. We have identified a major IL-12–independent pathway whereby DCs induce IFN-γ–secreting T helper (Th)1 CD4+ T cells in vivo. This pathway requires the membrane-associated tumor necrosis family member CD70 and was identified by targeting the LACK antigen from Leishmania major within an antibody to CD205 (DEC-205), an uptake receptor on a subset of DCs. Another major DC subset, targeted with 33D1 anti-DCIR2 antibody, also induced IFN-γ in vivo but required IL-12, not CD70. Isolated CD205+ DCs expressed cell surface CD70 when presenting antigen to T cell receptor transgenic T cells, and this distinction was independent of maturation stimuli. CD70 was also essential for CD205+ DC function in vivo. Detection of the IL-12–independent IFN-γ pathway was obscured with nontargeted LACK, which was presented by both DC subsets. This in situ analysis points to CD70 as a decision maker for Th1 differentiation by CD205+ DCs, even in Th2-prone BALB/c animals and potentially in vaccine design. The results indicate that two DC subsets have innate propensities to differentially affect the Th1/Th2 balance in vivo and by distinct mechanisms.

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

Three-Dimensional Subcellular Organization of Hepatocytes in Intact Liver: Simultaneous Visualization of Cytoskeletal and Membrane Markers by Confocal Microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Greg V. Martin ◽  
Ann L. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Integral Membrane Proteins ◽  
Polarized Secretion ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
Cytoskeletal Elements ◽  
Simultaneous Visualization

The microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton is necessary for many of the polarized functions of hepatocytes. Among the functions dependent on the MT-based cytoskeleton are polarized secretion of proteins, delivery of endocytosed material to lysosomes, and transcytosis of integral plasma membrane (PM) proteins. Although microtubules have been shown to be crucial to the establishment and maintenance of functional and structural polarization in the hepatocyte, little is known about the architecture of the hepatocyte MT cytoskeleton in vivo, particularly with regard to its relationship to PM domains and membranous organelles. Using an in situ extraction technique that preserves both microtubules and cellular membranes, we have developed a protocol for immunofluorescent co-localization of cytoskeletal elements and integral membrane proteins within 20 µm cryosections of fixed rat liver. Computer-aided 3D reconstruction of multi-spectral confocal microscope images was used to visualize the spatial relationships among the MT cytoskeleton, PM domains and intracellular organelles.

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