scholarly journals Equations of state for detonation products of explosives

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Viktor Vasilievich Val'ko ◽  
Oleg Petrovich Obraz ◽  
Vladimir Anontol’evich Gasilov ◽  
Valentina Sergeevna Solovyova ◽  
Nikita Olegovych Savenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Multicomponent Mixtures ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
Thermal Equation ◽  
Explosion Products ◽  
Condensed Explosives ◽  
Gasdynamic Problems

A comparative analysis of the equations of state for the detonation products of condensed explosives, which are most used in solving problems of the mechanical action of an explosion, is presented. For the most widespread (cited) equations of state of explosion products in the form of JWL, methods and algorithms are proposed for determining the correctness of specifying the coefficients included in this equation. To solve radiation-gasdynamic problems, including multicomponent mixtures, a version of the thermal equation of state of explosion products in the form of JWL is proposed, and a constant set for the most common explosives is recommended.

scholarly journals Axial Compressibility and Thermal Equation of State of Hcp Fe–5wt% Ni–5wt% Si

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Eric Edmund ◽  
Francesca Miozzi ◽  
Guillaume Morard ◽  
Eglantine Boulard ◽  
Alisha Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Axial Ratio ◽  
Seismic Velocities ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermal Equation ◽  
Planetary Cores ◽  
Ni Addition

Knowledge of the elastic properties and equations of state of iron and iron alloys are of fundamental interest in Earth and planetary sciences as they are the main constituents of telluric planetary cores. Here, we present results of X-ray diffraction measurements on a ternary Fe–Ni–Si alloy with 5 wt% Ni and 5 wt% Si, quasi-hydrostatically compressed at ambient temperature up to 56 GPa, and under simultaneous high pressure and high temperature conditions, up to 74 GPa and 1750 K. The established pressure dependence of the c/a axial ratio at ambient temperature and the pressure–volume–temperature (P–V–T) equation of state are compared with previous work and literature studies. Our results show that Ni addition does not affect the compressibility and axial compressibility of Fe–Si alloys at ambient temperature, but we suggest that ternary Fe–Ni–Si alloys might have a reduced thermal expansion in respect to pure Fe and binary Fe–Si alloys. In particular, once the thermal equations of state are considered together with velocity measurements, we conclude that elements other than Si and Ni have to be present in the Earth’s inner core to account for both density and seismic velocities.

Equation of state and isentropy of the detonation products of typical condensed explosives

1982 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Kuznetsov ◽  
N. M. Kuznetsov ◽  
A. F. Shatsukevich
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
Condensed Explosives

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE DETONATION OF CONDENSED EXPLOSIVES

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 285-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHENG WANG ◽  
TING YE ◽  
JIANGUO NING
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference ◽  
Finite Difference Method ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Difference Method ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Detonation Products ◽  
Mixture Rule ◽  
Condensed Explosives ◽  
Detonation Process ◽  
Good Agreement

Detonation process of a condensed explosive was simulated using a finite difference method. Euler equations were applied to describe the detonation flow field, an ignition and growth model for the chemical reaction and Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equations of state for the state of explosives and detonation products. Based on the simple mixture rule that assumes the reacting explosives to be a mixture of the reactant and product components, 1D and 2D codes were developed to simulate the detonation process of high explosive PBX9404. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental results, which demonstrates that the finite difference method, mixture rule and chemical reaction proposed in this paper are adequate and feasible.

scholarly journals Characterization of the High-Pressure and High-Temperature Phase Diagram and Equation of State of Chromium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Anzellini ◽  
Daniel Errandonea ◽  
Leonid Burakovsky ◽  
John E. Proctor ◽  
Christine M. Beavers
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Melting Curve ◽  
High Temperature Phase ◽  
Temperature Phase ◽  
Thermal Equation ◽  
Pressure Derivative

Abstract The high-pressure and high-temperature melting curve of chromium has been investigated both experimentally (in situ), using a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell technique coupled with synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, and theoretically, using ab initio density-functional theory simulations. In the pressure–temperature range covered experimentally (up to 90 GPa and 4500 K, respectively) only the solid body-centred-cubic and liquid phases of chromium have been observed. Experiments and computer calculations give melting curves in agreement with each other, that can be described by a Simon–Glatzel equation Tm(P) = 2136K(1+P/25.9) 0.41. In addition, a quasi-hydrostatic equation of state at ambient temperature has been experimentally characterized up to 131 GPa and compared with the present simulations. Both methods give very similar third-order Birch-Murnaghan equations of state with a bulk modulus of 182-185 GPa and its pressure derivative of 4.74-5.15. According to the present calculations, the obtained melting curve and equation of state are valid at least up to 815 GPa, being the melting temperature at this pressure 9310 K. Finally, from the obtained results, it was possible to determine a thermal equation of state of chromium valid up to 65 GPa and 2100 K.

SITE-SPECIFIC EQUATIONS OF STATE FOR COASTAL SEA AREAS AND INLAND WATER BODIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Andrulionis ◽  
Natalia Andrulionis ◽  
Ivan Zavialov ◽  
Ivan Zavialov ◽  
Elena Kovaleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Sea

This article presents a new method of laboratory density determination and construction equations of state for marine waters with various ionic compositions and salinities was developed. The validation of the method was performed using the Ocean Standard Seawater and the UNESCO thermodynamic equation of state (EOS-80). Density measurements of water samples from the Aral Sea, the Black Sea and the Issyk-Kul Lake were performed using a high-precision laboratory density meter. The obtained results were compared with the density values calculated for the considered water samples by the EOS-80 equation. It was shown that difference in ionic composition between Standard Seawater and the considered water bodies results in significant inaccuracies in determination of water density using the EOS-80 equation. Basing on the laboratory measurements of density under various salinity and temperature values we constructed a new equation of state for the Aral Sea and the Black Sea water samples and estimated errors for their coefficients.

Application of the Redlich-Kwong-Soave equation of state to the solubility of water in compressed gases

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1116-1121
Author(s):  
Josef P. Novák ◽  
Jaroslav Matouš ◽  
Petr Pick ◽  
Jiří Pick
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Interaction Coefficients

Published data on the solubility of water in compressed gases were employed for calculating the interaction coefficients kij in the Redlich-Kwong-Soave equations of state for binary systems of water with argon, nitrogen, CO2, N2O, CH4, C2H6, or C2H4. With these coefficients, the estimate of the solubility of water in these gases has been improved by more than one order.

scholarly journals Global Well-Posedness of the Ocean Primitive Equations with Nonlinear Thermodynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Korn
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Boussinesq Equations ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Rational Functions ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Primitive Equations ◽  
Well Posedness ◽  
Nonlinear Thermodynamics

AbstractWe consider the hydrostatic Boussinesq equations of global ocean dynamics, also known as the “primitive equations”, coupled to advection–diffusion equations for temperature and salt. The system of equations is closed by an equation of state that expresses density as a function of temperature, salinity and pressure. The equation of state TEOS-10, the official description of seawater and ice properties in marine science of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, is the most accurate equations of state with respect to ocean observation and rests on the firm theoretical foundation of the Gibbs formalism of thermodynamics. We study several specifications of the TEOS-10 equation of state that comply with the assumption underlying the primitive equations. These equations of state take the form of high-order polynomials or rational functions of temperature, salinity and pressure. The ocean primitive equations with a nonlinear equation of state describe richer dynamical phenomena than the system with a linear equation of state. We prove well-posedness for the ocean primitive equations with nonlinear thermodynamics in the Sobolev space $${{\mathcal {H}}^{1}}$$ H 1 . The proof rests upon the fundamental work of Cao and Titi (Ann. Math. 166:245–267, 2007) and also on the results of Kukavica and Ziane (Nonlinearity 20:2739–2753, 2007). Alternative and older nonlinear equations of state are also considered. Our results narrow the gap between the mathematical analysis of the ocean primitive equations and the equations underlying numerical ocean models used in ocean and climate science.

scholarly journals Measuring the structure and equation of state of polyethylene terephthalate at megabar pressures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lütgert ◽  
J. Vorberger ◽  
N. J. Hartley ◽  
K. Voigt ◽  
M. Rödel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Shock Hugoniot ◽  
Highly Correlated

AbstractWe present structure and equation of state (EOS) measurements of biaxially orientated polyethylene terephthalate (PET, $$({\hbox {C}}_{10} {\hbox {H}}_8 {\hbox {O}}_4)_n$$ ( C 10 H 8 O 4 ) n , also called mylar) shock-compressed to ($$155 \pm 20$$ 155 ± 20 ) GPa and ($$6000 \pm 1000$$ 6000 ± 1000 ) K using in situ X-ray diffraction, Doppler velocimetry, and optical pyrometry. Comparing to density functional theory molecular dynamics (DFT-MD) simulations, we find a highly correlated liquid at conditions differing from predictions by some equations of state tables, which underlines the influence of complex chemical interactions in this regime. EOS calculations from ab initio DFT-MD simulations and shock Hugoniot measurements of density, pressure and temperature confirm the discrepancy to these tables and present an experimentally benchmarked correction to the description of PET as an exemplary material to represent the mixture of light elements at planetary interior conditions.

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