A statistical physics approach to a multi-channel Wigner spiked model

In this letter we present a finite temperature approach to a high-dimensional inference problem, the Wigner spiked model, with group dependent signal-to-noise ratios. For two classes of convex and non-convex network architectures the error in the reconstruction is described in terms of the solution of a mean-field spin-glass on the Nishimori line. In the cases studied the order parameters do not fluctuate and are the solution of finite dimensional variational problems. The deep architecture is optimized in order to confine the high temperature phase where reconstruction fails.

Characterization of the High-Pressure and High-Temperature Phase Diagram and Equation of State of Chromium

The high-pressure and high-temperature melting curve of chromium has been investigated both experimentally (in situ), using a laser-heated diamond-anvil cell technique coupled with synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, and theoretically, using ab initio density-functional theory simulations. In the pressure–temperature range covered experimentally (up to 90 GPa and 4500 K, respectively) only the solid body-centred-cubic and liquid phases of chromium have been observed. Experiments and computer calculations give melting curves in agreement with each other, that can be described by a Simon–Glatzel equation Tm(P) = 2136K(1+P/25.9) 0.41. In addition, a quasi-hydrostatic equation of state at ambient temperature has been experimentally characterized up to 131 GPa and compared with the present simulations. Both methods give very similar third-order Birch-Murnaghan equations of state with a bulk modulus of 182-185 GPa and its pressure derivative of 4.74-5.15. According to the present calculations, the obtained melting curve and equation of state are valid at least up to 815 GPa, being the melting temperature at this pressure 9310 K. Finally, from the obtained results, it was possible to determine a thermal equation of state of chromium valid up to 65 GPa and 2100 K.

Tri-Hexagonal charge order in kagome metal CsV3Sb5 revealed by 121Sb NQR

We report 121Sb nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements on kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 with T c = 2.5 K. 121Sb NQR spectra split after a charge density wave (CDW) transition at 94 K, which demonstrates a commensurate CDW state. The coexistence of the high temperature phase and the CDW phase between 91 K and 94 K manifests that it is a first order phase transition. The CDW order exhibits Tri-Hexagonal deformation with a lateral shift between the adjacent kagome layers, which is consistent with 2×2×2 superlattice modulation. The superconducting state coexists with CDW order and shows a conventional s-wave behavior in the bulk state.

Vacuum correlators at short distances from lattice QCD

Non-perturbatively computing the hadronic vacuum polarization at large photon virtualities and making contact with perturbation theory enables a precision determination of the electromagnetic coupling at the Z pole, which enters global electroweak fits. In order to achieve this goal ab initio using lattice QCD, one faces the challenge that, at the short distances which dominate the observable, discretization errors are hard to control. Here we address challenges of this type with the help of static screening correlators in the high-temperature phase of QCD, yet without incurring any bias. The idea is motivated by the observations that (a) the cost of high-temperature simulations is typically much lower than their vacuum counterpart, and (b) at distances x3 far below the inverse temperature 1/T, the operator-product expansion guarantees the thermal correlator of two local currents to deviate from the vacuum correlator by a relative amount that is power-suppressed in (x3T). The method is first investigated in lattice perturbation theory, where we point out the appearance of an O(a2 log(1/a)) lattice artifact in the vacuum polarization with a prefactor that we calculate. It is then applied to non-perturbative lattice QCD data with two dynamical flavors of quarks. Our lattice spacings range down to 0.049 fm for the vacuum simulations and down to 0.033 fm for the simulations performed at a temperature of 250 MeV.

Tunable gigahertz dynamics of low-temperature skyrmion lattice in a chiral magnet

Recently, it has been shown that the chiral magnetic insulator Cu2OSeO3 hosts skyrmions in two separated pockets in temperature and magnetic field phase space. It has also been shown that the predominant stabilization mechanism for the low-temperature skyrmions (LTS) phase is the crystalline anisotropy in contrast to temperature fluctuations, which stabilize the well established high-temperature skyrmion (HTS) lattice. Here, we report on the gigahertz dynamics in the LTS phase in Cu2OSeO3. The LTS phase is populated via a field cycling protocol with the static magnetic field applied parallel to the h100i crystalline direction of plate and cuboid-shaped bulk crystals. By analyzing temperature-dependent broadband spectroscopy data, clear evidence of low-temperature skyrmion excitations with clockwise (CW), counterclockwise (CCW), and breathing mode (BR) character at temperatures below T = 40 K are shown. We find that the modes’ intensities can be tuned with the number of field-cycles below the saturation field, and by tracking the resonance frequencies, the LTS phase diagram can be established. From our experiments, we conclude that the LTS phase is well separated from the high-temperature phase. Furthermore, by monitoring the strength of the observed hybridization between a dark CW mode and the BR as a function of temperature for the two differently shaped crystals, we unambiguously conclude that the magnetocrystalline anisotropy governs the hybridization.

Nanoscale Phase Separation of Incommensurate and Quasi-Commensurate Spin Stripes in Low Temperature Spin Glass of La2−xSrxNiO4

While spin striped phases in La2−xSrxNiO4+y for 0.25 < x < 0.33 are the archetypal case of a 1D spin density wave (SDW) phase in doped antiferromagnetic strongly correlated perovskites, few information is available on the SDW spatial organization. In this context, we have measured the spatial variation of the wave vector of the SDW reflection profile by scanning micro X-ray diffractions with a coherent beam. We obtained evidence of a SDW order–disorder transition by lowering a high temperature phase (T > 50 K) to a low temperature phase (T < 50 K). We have identified quasi-commensurate spin stripe puddles in the ordered phase at 50 < T < 70 K, while the low temperature spin glassy phase presents a nanoscale phase separation of T = 30 K, with the coexistence of quasi-commensurate and incommensurate spin stripe puddles assigned to the interplay of quantum frustration and strong electronic correlations.

Low-temperature phases of dicalcium barium hexakis(propanoate)

The structure determinations of phases (II) and (III) of barium dicalcium hexakis(propanoate) {or poly[hexa-μ4-propanoato-bariumdicalcium], [BaCa2(C3H5O2)6] n } are reported at 240 and 130 K, respectively [phase (I) was determined previously by Stadnicka & Glazer (1980). Acta Cryst. B36, 2977–2985; our structure determination of phase (I) at room temperature is included in the supporting information]. In the high-temperature phase, the Ba2+ cation is surrounded by six carboxylate groups in bidentate bridging modes. In the low-temperature phases, five carboxylate groups act in bidentate bridging modes and one acts in a monodentate bridging mode around Ba2+. The Ca2+ cations are surrounded by six carboxylate O atoms in a trigonal antiprism in all the structures. The Ba2+ and Ca2+ cations are underbonded and significantly overbonded, respectively, in all the phases. The bonding of the Ba2+ cation increases slightly at the cost of the bonding of Ca2+ cations during cooling to the low-temperature phases. The phase transitions during cooling are accompanied by ordering of the ethyl chains. In room-temperature phase (I), all six ethyl chains are positionally disordered over two positions in the crossed mode, with additional splitting of the ethyl α- and β-C atoms. In phase (II), on the other hand, there are three disordered ethyl chains, one with positionally disordered ethyl α- and β-C atoms, and the other two with positionally disordered ethyl β-C atoms only, and in the lowest-temperature phase (III) there are four ordered ethyl chains and two disordered ethyl chains with positionally disordered ethyl β-C atoms only.