scholarly journals The Diversity of Breadfruit Plants (Artocarpus Altilis) Based on Morphological Characters

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Helna Estalansa ◽  
Endang Yuniastuti ◽  
Sri Hartati
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Light Green ◽  
Female Flowers

<p>Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a plant common are all part of it can be used by humans. The research aims to determine the character of morphological breadfruit and knowing the characterization of morphological breadfruit in Yogyakarta. This research was carried out in June to October 2017 in Sleman Regency (Cangkringan, Ngemplak, Ngaglik), Gunung Kidul (Patuk, Nglipar, Gedangsari), and Bantul (Bantul, Pajangan, Imogiri) in Yogyakarta. Variables are observations include the environmental research and morphology of (trees, leaves, fl owers, and fruits). The data of the morphology are analyzed by NTSYS program. The results showed that the breadfruit trees has a plant height 16,7-17,9 m, the diameter of crown 6,1-8,8 m, shape of crown of the pyramidal, broadly pyramidal, elliptical, irregular, the patterns of branching of erect, opposite, and irregular. The length of leaf 42,2-78,6 cm, width of leaf 30,2-59,2 cm, shape of leaf ovate, and leaf colour dark green. The length of male flowers 9,0-13,4 cm, shape of female flowers globose, shape of male flowers ellipsoid, the colour of female flowers light green, the colour of male flowers light green when young, and brown when old. The length of fruit 12,2 -19,0 cm,diameter of fruit 12,8-16,4 cm, weight of fruit 0,7-1,7 kg, shape of fruit sperical and oblong, fruit skin colour greenish yellow, fruit flesh colour white and light yellow. The diversity of morphology of the breadfruit plants ranging from 3-30%.</p>

scholarly journals Extent of variability in fruit morphological characters of local mango germplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurbir Singh ◽  
Sukhdev Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Medium Type

  A study was conducted on twenty five genotypes of seedling Mangoes to examine fruit morphological characters. Fruit shape of the evaluated germplasm varied enormously and fruits of obovoid, elliptic, round and oblong shapes were found. Fruit apex shape in the evaluated plants was round, acute and obtuse. Depth of fruit stalk cavity was either absent, shallow and of medium type, whereas, fruit neck prominence was absent to slightly prominent in the tested plants. Shape of fruit ventral shoulder was varied and found to be slopping abruptly, rising and then rounded and long curve type in the evaluated germplasm. Fruit beak varies from pointed to perceptible type and fruit sinus was absent to shallow type in the fruits from different plants. Fruit attractiveness varies from very good to excellent and fruit colour from greenish yellow to green colour of fruit skin at maturity was noted in fruits from selected trees. Peel colour of AA-15 was different amongst all the genotypes which were green with red blush. Pulp colour varied from light orange, yellow orange, orange yellow, yellow and light yellow, whereas, pulp texture was soft to intermediate in the evaluated germplasm. Key words: Mangifera indica; Genotype susceptibility; Punjab; India.  

A morphological comparison of Scirpus acutus and S. validus in southern Manitoba

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2331-2337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Shay ◽  
A. J. Macaulay ◽  
K. A. Frego
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Scirpus Acutus ◽  
Mixed Populations ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Light Green

Sixty stands of Scirpus acutus Muhl. and S. validus Vahl from five areas in southern Manitoba were examined to determine (i) whether the two were morphologically distinguishable within the region studied and, if so, (ii) which morphological characters were the most useful to separate them. Thirteen characters were measured on pressed and living specimens. From these, six bimodally distributed characters were objectively selected to calculate a biometric index for each specimen. Mean indices for 56 stands were separable into two groups, indicating that they contained pure populations of one taxon. Three stands had mixed populations, and one contained morphologically intermediate individuals. The two taxa can be consistently identified using a combination of six characters. Scirpus acutus has an inflorescence < 47 mm long, less than seven primary rays, no secondary rays, clusters of more than five spikelets, aerenchymal lacunae < 0.9 mm in diameter, and dark green culms in fresh specimens. In contrast, S. validus has inflorescences > 80 mm long, more than 13 primary rays, secondary, tertiary, and occasionally quaternary rays present, spikelets generally in clusters of one to three, aerenchymal lacunae > 1.5 mm in diameter, and light green culms in fresh specimens. Data from Manitoba populations support their status as separate species.

Two New Species of Balanophora (Balanophoraceae) From South China

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1053-1066
Author(s):  
Run-Xian Yu ◽  
Song-Yan Zhou ◽  
Yuan-Qiu Li ◽  
Kai-Nan Ma ◽  
You-Yu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Leaf Morphology ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Dioecious Species ◽  
Male Inflorescence ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Dioecious Populations ◽  
Female Flowers

Abstract— Populations of Balanophora from southern China are often identified by local botanists as B. laxiflora based on their long cylindric male inflorescence, subsessile male flowers with slender rudimentary bracts, and subdiscoid synandria. In this study, we clarify the identity of seven such populations based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analysis using nuclear 18S and ITS ribosomal DNA sequences. We confirmed the occurrence of dioecious populations of B. yakushimensis and two previously unrecognized species, which we describe here as B. parajaponica and B. appressa. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that B. parajaponica, B. yakushimensis, B. appressa, B. laxiflora, and the agamospermic B. japonica, formed a well resolved clade, viz. the B. laxiflora clade. The four dioecious species, although highly similar in the morphology of male inflorescence and flowers, can be separated by leaf morphology and arrangement, ovary color, and arrangement of female flowers. The species limit of B. laxiflora, however, remains unresolved.

scholarly journals Inheritance of warty fruit texture and fruit color in bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.]

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emina Mladenovic ◽  
Janos Berenji ◽  
Ksenija Hiel ◽  
Marija Kraljevic-Balalic ◽  
Vladislav Ognjanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Bottle Gourd ◽  
Lagenaria Siceraria ◽  
Fruit Type ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Light Green ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] is one of the most interesting species in the plant kingdom, due to the diversity of fruit shapes, sizes and ways of use. Warty genotypes are rare compared to non warty genotypes. Considering unusual external appearance of warty fruits, we focused our research on the investigation of its inheritance patterns. By crossing different bottle gourd phenotypes, we studied the mode of inheritance and identified and verified genes responsible for the fruit skin color and warty phenotype segregation. Two parental lines, LAG 70 (with warty fruit of light green color) and LAG 71 (smooth fruit, variegated), F1, F2 and backcrosses populations along with both parents were evaluated. Genetic analysis indicated that warty fruit type is a result of monogenic inheritance, whereby the warty fruit type is dominant (Wt) trait over to the non-warty fruit type (wt). The mode of inheritance of fruit color was controlled by recessive epistasis, with a ratio of 9 variegated (A-, B-), 3 dark green colored (aaB-) and 4 light green colored (aabb) fruits in the F2 generation.

Extent of variability in fruit morphological characters of local mango germplasm

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurbir Singh ◽  
Dr. Sukhdev Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Greenish Yellow ◽  
Orange Yellow ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Medium Type

 A study was conducted on twenty five genotypes of seedling Mangoes to examine fruit morphological characters. Fruit shape of the evaluated germplasm varied enormously and fruits of obovoid, elliptic, round and oblong shapes were found. Fruit apex shape in the evaluated plants was round, acute and obtuse. Depth of fruit stalk cavity was either absent, shallow and of medium type, whereas, fruit neck prominence was absent to slightly prominent in the tested plants. Shape of fruit ventral shoulder was varied and found to be slopping abruptly, rising and then rounded and long curve type in the evaluated germplasm. Fruit beak varies from pointed to perceptible type and fruit sinus was absent to shallow type in the fruits from different plants. Fruit attractiveness varies from very good to excellent and fruit colour from greenish yellow to green colour of fruit skin at maturity was noted in fruits from selected trees. Peel colour of AA-15 was different amongst all the genotypes which were green with red blush. Pulp colour varied from light orange, yellow orange, orange yellow, yellow and light yellow, whereas, pulp texture was soft to intermediate in the evaluated germplasm. Key words: Mangifera indica; Genotype susceptibility; Punjab; India.

scholarly journals Genome-wide Association Analysis Reveals a Novel QTL CsFS1 for Fruit Skin Color in Cucumber

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Huang ◽  
Qinqin Yang ◽  
Lidong Zhang ◽  
Weiliang Kong ◽  
Huizhe Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Consumer Preference ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Green Fruit ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Gata Transcription Factor ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Light Green ◽  
Novel Allele

Abstract Fruit skin color is a crucial external trait that affects consumer preference in cucumber. In this study, an F2 population was constructed from a cross between the inbred lines G35 (with light-green fruit skin) and Q51 (with dark-green fruit skin) and used to investigate the inheritance patterns of fruit skin color in cucumber. Genetic analysis showed that dark-green fruit skin was dominant to light-green skin. A major QTL, Fruit skin 1 (CsFS1), was identified between 36.62 Mb and 39.77 Mb on chromosome 3 by BSA-seq and GWAS. We further narrowed down the CsFS1 locus to a 94-kb interval containing 15 candidate genes in three F2 recombinant individuals with light-green skin color and one BC4F2 recombinant individual with dark-green skin color. Among these genes, Csa3G912920, which encodes a GATA transcription factor, was expressed at a higher level in the pericarp of the NIL-1334 line (with light-green fruit skin) than in that of the NIL-1325 line (with dark-green fruit skin). This study provides a novel allele for the improvement of fruit skin color in cucumber breeding.

scholarly journals 462 Inheritance of Light-Green Flower Color (gf) in Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus)

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 524B-524
Author(s):  
Young-Seok Kwon ◽  
Fenny Dane
Keyword(s):  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
Yellow Orange ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Light Green

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thumb. Matsum. and Nakai) flower petals usually are yellow, but in watermelon line Kw-695, light-green flowers were detected. To study the inheritance of light-green flower color, Kw-695 plants were crossed with yellow-flowered Korean cultures `SS-4' and `Dalgona'. The resulting F1, F2, and reciprocal backcross generations were analyzed for flower color. Segregation ratios in the F2 and backcross to Kw-695 were 3 yellow: 1 light green and 1 yellow: 1 light green, respectively. Backcross generations to the yellow-flowered parents showed yellow flowers only. These results indicate that inheritance of the light-green flower character in Kw-695 is governed by a single recessive gene. We propose the gf gene symbol for the green flower trait. Kw-695 plants have large vines with large, light-green leaves. The plants are andromonoecious, have large, oval, bright yellow-green fruit with irregular dark-green stripes, bright yellow-orange, inedible flesh with very low sugar content (about 3.2 °Brix), and light-yellow seeds. The trait should be useful as a marker in watermelon breeding programs. Linkages between this trait and other genetic markers in watermelon will be investigated.

Studies in the Alismataceae. XI. Development of the inflorescence and flowers of Wiesneria triandra (Dalzell) Micheli

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 1569-1579
Author(s):  
W A Charlton
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Development ◽  
Annual Plant ◽  
Foliage Leaf ◽  
The Family ◽  
Unisexual Flowers ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Female Flowers

Wiesneria triandra (Dalzell) Micheli is an unusual annual plant of the Alismataceae with spike-like inflorescences bearing unisexual flowers. Shoot development follows the sympodial pattern of other Alismataceae, but the cycle is so condensed that initiation of each foliage leaf is followed by inflorescence formation. The plant develops a tufted habit by the formation of an unusual accesory bud adjacent to each inflorescence. Male flowers have three sepals, three petals, three stamens, and usually three carpellodes; female flowers have a similar perianth, three staminodes, and three or more carpels. Up to the first three carpels, floral parts are arranged in alternating trimerous whorls. Additional carpels may occur above and between those of the first whorl. The androecium is particularly unusual for the Alismataceae since it has conventional alternation of stamens with petals rather than the antipetalous pairs of stamens commonly perceived in the family, but the phylogenetic postion of Wiesneria within the family (as revealed by other studies) indicates that the apparently conventional androecium of Wiesneria represents a derived state rather than a primitive one. The unisexual flowers also represent a derived state.

The Present Situation and Trend of Green Building Development in China Dongying City

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 463-466
Author(s):  
Yu Xi Song
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Primary Stage ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Dongying City ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
Light Green

In recent years, with the accelerating global resources depletion and increasing environment deterioration,sustainable development has become common understanding of best strategy in long-term development of human being. Green building has been the hottest keyword in building industry. This paper expounds the updated research of green building situation and trend,and investigate the green building development of DongYing City. The results indicated that green building development in China was still in the primary stage,the evaluation of green building would become national popular,the number of certified green building would increase year by year,and the development of green building in China was in the stage from light green to dark green.

Pollination ecology of Monstera obliqua (Araceae) in French Guiana

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Chouteau ◽  
Melanie McClure ◽  
Marc Gibernau
Keyword(s):  
French Guiana ◽  
Pollination Ecology ◽  
Lower Portion ◽  
Floral Rewards ◽  
Pollination Mechanisms ◽  
Unisexual Flowers ◽  
Male Flowers ◽  
Female Flowers

Data on pollination ecology of Araceae are still scarce and most concern species belonging to the subfamily Aroideae (García-Robledo et al. 2004, Gibernau 2003, Ivancic et al. 2004, 2005; Maia & Schlindwein 2006). In this subfamily, inflorescences consist of unisexual flowers: female flowers are located in the lower portion and the male flowers are in the upper portion of the inflorescence (Mayo et al. 1997). In the documented neotropical Aroideae, pollinators are nocturnal beetles and pollination mechanisms take place within a floral chamber during a short flowering cycle (generally 24–48 h) with floral rewards (sterile flowers rich in proteins and/or lipids) for the beetle pollinators, the secretion of resin to secure pollen on the pollinator, and the production of heat and odours (Chouteau et al. 2007, García-Robledo et al. 2004, Gibernau & Barabé 2002, Gibernau et al. 1999, 2000, 2003; Maia & Schlindwein 2006, Young 1986).

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