scholarly journals KAJIAN EKOLOGI, KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN POTENSI POHON DI PEKARANGAN (STUDI KASUS DI DESA KEBAK, JUMANTONO, KARANGANYAR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Arief Susanto ◽  
Endang Setya Muliawati ◽  
Djoko Purnomo

<p><em>Homegarden is one alternative that multipurpose agricultural land to cope with reduced land resources. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the ecology, species diversity and potential of trees in the homegarden that is useful in further development. The research </em><em>had been </em><em>conducted </em><em>in </em><em>June</em><em> to August 2011 in the Kebak Village, Jumantono District, Karanganyar Regency</em><em> </em><em>with a </em><em>altitude of </em><em>330</em><em> meters above sea level and soil type alvisol. </em><em>This</em><em> experiment </em><em>used</em><em> survey methods with observation unit is divided into three categories based on the size of the homegarden: narrow (&lt;700 m<sup>2</sup>), medium (700-900 m<sup>2</sup>) and large (&gt; 900 m<sup>2</sup>). Observed variables include three aspects: biological variables (type and number of trees, tree height, trunk diameter and canopy area), physical variables (analysis of soil, microclimate homegarden, macroclimate and physiographic land) and analysis of the vegetation (density, frequency, dominance, relative density, relative frequency, relative dominance, importance value index and the index of species diversity). Kebak village had been 40 species of trees are divided into fruit trees, timber, vegetable producers, growers and others. The results showed indicate that the type of fruit tree had the largest of 20 species by the reached 142 tree to rambutan tree. Spacious homegarden area had the highest type and number of trees as well as the highest species diversity index.</em></p><p> </p>

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Sukirman Rahim ◽  
Dewi Wahyuni K Baderan

Hutan mangrove Langge yang terdapat di Kecamatan Anggrek Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara memiliki keunikan dari pola zonasi dan keanekaragaman jenis. Hal ini yang menjadikan hutan mangrove di kawasan tersebut sebagai objek wisata tracking mangrove yang dikenal dengan nama “mangrove in love. Hutan mangrove memiliki berbagai fungsi ekologis yang sangat kompleks yakni sebagai daerah pemijahan  (spawing ground), tempat asuhan (nursery ground), dan tempat mencari makan (feeding ground) biota laut yang beraneka jenis dan memiliki fungsi ekonomis diantaranya buah mangrove dapat diolah menjadi berbagai produk kue dan sumber pangan alternatif pengganti beras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis mangrove asosiasi; 2) untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas dari hutan mangrove Langge; dan 3) nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode jalur berpetak (kombinasi plot dan transek). Jumlah spesies yang ditemukan akan dilihat untuk menjadi dasar penentuan komposisi jenis. Untuk pengkuran struktur komunitas mangrove dengan melakukan perhitungan terhadap Kerapatan Relatif (KR) dan Frekuensi Relatif (FR). Selanjutnya data yang didapatkan ditabulasikan untuk memperoleh nilai Indeks Nilai Penting (INP). Perhitungan keanekaragaman jenis menggunakan rumus (Sannon-wienner). Hasil penelitian menemukan 12 spesies tumbuhan mangrove asosiasi yakni Acanthus spinosus, Chromolaena odorata, Crassocephalum sp, Calotropis gigantean, Ipomea pes-caprae, Ricinus communis Excoecaria agallocha, Scaevola taccada, Spinifex littoreus, Terminalia catappa, Derris trifoliate dan Nypa fruticans. Struktur komunitas menunjukkan Chromolaena odorata memiliki nilai INP sebesar 33,2%, Kerapatan Relatif sebesar 24,91%, dan Frekuensi Relatif sebesar 8,33%.  Spesies dengan nilai INP terendah dimiliki oleh Nypa fruticans yaitu sebesar 9,14%, Kerapatan Relatif sebesar 0,81%, dan Frekuensi Relatif sebesar 8,33%. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) mangrove asosiasi sebesar 2,175 dan termasuk dalam kriteria tingkat keanekaragaman sedang. Data yang diperoleh ini dapat digunakan dalam pengelolaan hutan mangrove di Gorontalo Utara serta dapat menjadi database dalam usaha konservasi mangrove guna mengurangi efek pemanasan global.Langge mangrove forest located in the District of North Gorontalo District Orchid has a uniqueness of zoning patterns and keanekragaman types. This is what makes the mangrove forests in the region as a tourist attraction tracking mangrove known as the "mangrove in love. Mangrove forests have a variety of ecological functions is very complex which is a spawning area (spawing ground), point of care (nursery grounds), and foraging (feeding ground) various types of marine life and has the economic function of which pieces of mangrove can be processed into various products cake and alternative food sources instead of rice. This study aims to: 1) to determine the association of mangrove species composition; 2) to determine the community structure of mangrove forests Langge; and 3) the value of diversity index. The method used in this study is a terraced path method (combination of plots and transects). The composition of the types of views based on the number of species found. For sizing mangrove community structure by calculating the Relative Density (KR) and Relative Frequency (FR). Then the data obtained are tabulated to get the value of Importance Value Index (IVI). Calculation of species diversity using the formula (Sannon-wienner). The study found an association of twelve species of mangrove plants and the relative dominance (DR), then the data obtained are tabulated to get the value of Importance Value Index (IVI). Calculation of species diversity using the formula (Sannon-wienner). The study found an association of eight species of mangrove plants and the relative dominance (DR), then the data obtained are tabulated to get the value of Importance Value Index (IVI). Calculation of species diversity using the formula (Sannon-wienner). The study found an association of twelve species of mangrove plantsnamely Acanthus spinosus, Chromolaena odorata, Crassocephalum sp, Calotropis gigantean, Ipomea pes-caprae, Ricinus communis Excoecaria agallocha, Scaevola taccada, Spinifex littoreus, Terminalia catappa, Derris trifoliate dan Nypa fruticans. Community structure showed Chromolaena odorata has a value of IVI of 33,2%, amounting to 24,91% Relative Density and Relative Frequency of 8,33%. The species with the lowest IVI owned by Nypa fruticans that is equal to 9,14%, 0,81% Relative Density and Relative Frequency of 8,33%. Values Diversity Index (H ') at 2.175 and mangrove associates included in the criteria for a medium level of diversity. The data obtained can be used in the management of mangrove forests in North Gorontalo and can be a database of mangrove conservation efforts to reduce the effects of global warming.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Laouali Abdou ◽  
Boubé Morou ◽  
Tougiani Abasse ◽  
Ali Mahamane

All parts of <em>Prosopis africana</em> are used by rural people in Niger, and this exposes it to degradation and a regeneration problems. The objective of this study was to determine the structure and regeneration of <em>P. africana</em> stands in the southern regions of Maradi and Zinder, Niger. Data were collected in plots, following transects after stratified sampling. Trunk diameter of all woody species was recorded in 126 plots. The diversity was analyzed and diameter structure and regeneration rates were determined. <em>P. africana </em>was the predominant species in both Maradi and Zinder: frequency = 40.35% and 43.95% of all species, respectively in Maradi and Zinder; importance value index = 40.57% in Maradi and 48.60% in Zinder. The Shannon diversity index was 2.82 in Maradi and 2.40 in Zinder and the Sorensen similarity index between the two regions was 0.73. According to the diameter structure, the stands were degraded in Zinder but regenerating in Maradi. The density of <em>P. africana </em>per hectare for trees with trunk diameter <span style="text-decoration: underline;">&gt;</span> 5 cm and &lt; 5 cm, respectively was 16 and 51 in Maradi, and 30 and 12 in Zinder. The regeneration rate of <em>P. africana</em> was low compared with the general woody population. These results show the need for reforestation operations, using appropriate techniques, to avoid local extinction of the species.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Yoga Bayu Santoso ◽  
Mochamad Arief Soendjoto ◽  
Daniel Itta ◽  
Fazlul Wahyudi

The development of herbaceous species according to the time of monitoring at certain sample locations in the PT Adaro Indonesia reclamation area has never been published. The purpose of the study was to compare the diversity of species and the similarity of plant communities growing in certain locations in two consecutive monitoring periods. Four locations that have been revegetated were sampled. At each location, 13 measuring plots (20 m x 20 m) were made and placed systematically. In each of these plots, 2 sub-plots (5 m x 5 m) were placed in 2 angles in opposite positions. From each sub-plot data in the form of herbaceous species names and number of individuals were collected. In one location, the number of plots changed because part of this location turned out to be active mining areas. The number of remaining plots (6 plots) was considered to not affect the results. Data is processed to obtain the density of each species at a certain location (Ki), the relative density of certain species (KRi), the frequency of each species at a certain location (Fi), the relative frequency of certain species (FRi), the importance value index (IVI), the index of species diversity Shannon-Wienner (H'), and the similarity index of the Dice community (IS). The number of species varies at each sample location and shows an increase from first monitoring to second monitoring. The species diversity index also increases. Community similarity index varies, both with calculations based on the presence or absence of species and based on the IVI. Both methods of calculation can be used but it is recommended to use calculations based on IVI.Keywords: Diversity, Monitoring period, Reclamation area, Similarity


2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 887
Author(s):  
Ishfaq Ahmad Wani ◽  
Susheel Verma ◽  
Renu Gupta ◽  
Masood Majaz Ganaie ◽  
Gaurav Nigam ◽  
...  

The alpine grasslands of Kashmir Himalaya act as a treasure house of floristic biodiversity. They have remained largely unstudied because of their remoteness and inaccessibility. It is imperative to have quantitative studies of these areas to allow the long-term monitoring of flora in these fragile ecosystems. During the present study, nutrient analysis and species diversity of some alpine grasslands were investigated. Electroconductivity (EC) of the soils ranged between 0.12 and 0.33 (dSm−1). With an increase in altitude and precipitation and a decrease in temperature, soil pH and available macro-nutrients (OC, N, P, K) show a considerable decrease. Sixty-six plant species belonging to twenty-nine families and fifty-one genera were reported with members predominantly from the Asteraceae, Rosaceae and Plantaginaceae families. Seven species were common to all study areas and Renyi diversity profiles showed that Kongwattan was the most diverse followed by Poshpathri and Yousmarg. The results of the Sorensen β diversity index showed a relatively lower dissimilarity index among the three studied alpine sites. In the majority of the growth forms, growth initiation was recorded in April, whereas senescence occurred in September. The highest bloom was seen in June-July. The plant species exhibited a greater variability in their phenophases under different environmental conditions and altitudinal gradients. Plants were more vigorous at lower altitudes and showed rapid response to the prevailing conditions. Stoloniferous forbs and tussock forming graminoids such as Sibbaldia cuneata, Trifolium repens, Plantago major, Trifolium pratense, Poa compressa, Poa angustifolia, and Plantago lanceolata showed a greater importance value index (IVI). The sedentary system of livestock rearing at Yousmarg resulted in the decreased density of the palatable species. This study allowed us to conclude that direct knowledge of soil nutrient composition and species diversity in alpine ecosystems can enhance conservation and ensure better management practices over a period of time.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pebriandi ◽  
Omo Rusdiana ◽  
Muhammad Buce Saleh

Sentajo Protected Forest located in Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province. There is no information aboutvegetation diversity in this location. Therefore this study was conducted. This study aimed to determine the diversity ofvegetation, structure, and composition of each community in Sentajo Protected Forest. The study was conducted in AprilSeptember2016. A sampling design was determined using systematic sampling with random start. The sampling intensityused was 5%. The parameters measured in this study were the importance value index, similarity index betweencommunities, species diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, regeneration, as well as horizontal and verticalstructures. Based on the type of soil, elevation, and slope, 6 communities were grouped from the dense coverage area(forested). The results showed that the Sentajo Protected Forest had 424 flora consisted of 254 species, and 102 families.Sentajo Protected Forest had similarity index between 18 - 64%, species diversity index of 2.62 - 4.15, evenness index of0.59 - 0.86, dominance index of 0.02 - 0.08. The larger the diameter of the tree, the smaller the number of individuals.The stratification of the canopy had 5 layers of canopy. Sentajo Protected Forest regeneration was relatively good as thenumber of seedlings&gt; saplings&gt; mature trees.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Hari Shankar Lal ◽  
◽  
Sharmistha Ganguly ◽  
Kartik Pramanik ◽  
P.V. Prasanna ◽  
...  

The Sal (Shorea robusta) dominated forest vegetation of Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary, West Singhbhum, Jharkhand, India was explored to evaluate the diversity and vegetation structure through different phyto-sociological attributes. The knowledge of the structure and composition of the plant communities has enormous significance in conservation of managed forests, therefore, the plant species diversity, structure and importance value index (IVI) at various levels, viz., trees, shrubs and herbs were studied. A total of 153 plant species (66 trees, 30 shrubs and 57 herbs) belonging to 124 genera of 51 families were recorded from the 30 random plots marked for sampling within the sanctuary. The IVI was highest in Shorea robusta (40.87) and lowest in Syzygium salicifolium (1.08). Shannon-Weaver’s diversity index was recorded highest in herbaceous species (3.66) than in trees (3.08) and shrubs (2.66). Simpson’s index was highest in trees (0.106) than in shrubs (0.035) and herbs (0.028). Pielou’s index was found highest in herbs (0.064) than in shrubs (0.048) and trees (0.046) which was within the range reported for different Indian forests and also which indicates that the sanctuary exhibits species diverse forest. The result of plant species diversity and their quantitative features reveal that the overall community is heterogeneous.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mansur

The study was conducted on March 2018 in two locations study, i.e. Mount Tunak Nature Tourism Park (NTP) (6400 m2 plot area) and Keramat Forest (4800 m2 plot area), Central Lombok District, West Nusa Tenggara Province. The objective of the study was to find out the diversity of tree species and its distribution which can be used for forest area management by the local government and can support the establishment of a Special Economic Region in Mandalika as a place for conservation, research, education and scientific tourism. In the total plot of 1.12 hectare, we recorded 1560 individuals, representing 56 species,  47 genera  and 19 families. All stems ≥ 5 cm in diameter were measured and identified. In the plot of Mt. Tunak NTP, we recorded 992 individuals, representing 41 species, basal area was 11.4 m2, 31.7 m3of estimated bole volume, 78.3 tons biomass, 39.2 tons carbon stock and 143.7 tons CO2 sequestration. Five dominant tree species (trunk diameter ≥ 5 cm) recorded with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) were Aglaia argentea (IVI= 34.3%), Schoutenia ovata (IVI= 33.3%), Drypetes neglecta (IVI= 25.4%), Glycosmis pentaphylla (IVI= 16.4%) and Grewia koordersiana (IVI= 14.9%). The level of diversity of tree species in the Mt. Tunak NTP was classified into a midle level with a Diversity Index (H')= 3.3, while in the Keramat Forest we recorded 568 individuals, representing 37 species, basal area was 19.9 m2, 51.1 m3 of estimated bole volume, 149.8 tons biomass, 74.9 tons carbon stock and 274.9 tons CO2 sequestration. Five dominant tree species were recorded; Dalbergia latifolia (IVI= 69.4%), Grewia koordersiana (IVI= 34.5%), Schoutenia ovata (IVI= 34.3%), Cupaniopsis macropetala (IVI= 18.2%) and Rhus succedanea (IVI= 14.2%). The level of diversity recorded (H')= 2.9 and classified as midle level. The composition of vegetation in Mt.Tunak NTP and Keramat Forest is different (Jaccard Similarity Index was 39.3%).    


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cici Khairunnisa ◽  
Eddy Thamrin ◽  
Hari Prayogo

The diversity of mangrove vegetation is a community that has different characteristics from other communities. Diversity is an important component in mangrove management, but so far the availability of data related to mangroves is still very minimal, including those related to the species diversity of mangrove forest vegetation in the region. This study aims to obtain data on species diversity of vegetation found in the mangrove forest area of Dusun Besar Village, Pulau Maya District, Kayong Utara Regency. Method used was a combination of path and plot method, and the determination of the location and research path location were carried out using purposive sampling. The results of observation and data analysis showed that the dominant vegetation species with the highest importance value index (INP) for seedlings, saplings and trees was the Avicennia marina, namely the INP value of seedlings 37.04%, the INP values of sapling 65.24%, and the value of INP a tree rate of 65. Based on the results of the most dominant analysis found the species of  Avicennia marina with a value of C = 0.03430 for seedling, C = 0.04729 for sapling, and C = 0.04736 for tree level. The diversity of mangrove forest vegetation species in Dusun Besar Village for seedlings, saplings and trees is low because it has an H 'value <1, and the abundance of mangrove vegetation species was not evenly distributed in each forest area because it only has an e value <1.Keywords: Dusun Besar Village, Mangrove Forest, Species Diversity


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Mahmud Mahmud ◽  
Ambar Kusumandari ◽  
Sudarmadji Sudarmadji ◽  
Nunuk Supriyatno

The detailed causal factors of flood have not been established, whether because of the damage of upper watershed, sedimentation resulting in shallow river, forest conversion, the decrease in abundance and structure or high rainfall. The study aimed at finding out the species diversity and structure of the limited production forest (LPF) from the seedling to the tree stage of Arui watershed in Manokwari district. The species diversity was determined based on Shannon-Wiener index, while vegetation structure was determined based on Importance Value Index. There were totally 92 plots of samples drawn using systematic sampling. The results of vegetation analysis showed that there were 174 species of 43 families with the species diversity of 1.5-1.8 that was categorized as moderate. The four dominant species that were always found in seedling, sapling, pole and tree stages included: Pometia pinnata, Teijsmanniodendron bogoriense, Chisocheton ceramicus, and Horsfieldia irya. The conversion of the LPF into non-forestry sector for the purpose of accelerating development must be reviewed by considering hydrology, land, biodiversity, and social and regional aspects in order to prevent and to reduce flood in the coming days.


REINWARDTIA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Sadili ◽  
Kuswata Kartawinata ◽  
Herwasono Soedjito ◽  
Edy Nasriadi Sambas

ADILI, A., KARTAWINATA, K., SOEDJITO, H. & SAMBAS, E. N. 2018. Tree species diversity in a pristine montane forest previously untouched by human activities in Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 17(2): 133‒154. ‒‒ A study on structure and composition of the pristine montane forest previously untouched by human activities was conducted at the Foja Mountains in November 2008. We established a one-hectare plot divided into 100 subplots of 10 m × 10 m each. We enumerated all trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm which diameters were measured, heights were estimated and habitats were noted. We recorded 59 species, 42 genera and 27 families, comprising 693 trees with the total basal area (BA) of 41.35 m2/ha. The forest had lower species richness compared to those of lowland forests in Kalimantan, and Sumatra and montane forests in West Java. The Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index was 3.22. Nothofagus rubra (Importance Value, IV=47.89%) and Parinari corymbosa (IV=40.3%) were the dominant species, constituting the basis for designating the forest as the Nothofagus rubra - Parinari corymbosa association. To date, the dominance of N. rubra is unique to the Foja Mountains, as elsewhere in Papua the montane forests were dominated by N. pullei or other species. The species-area curve indicated a minimal area of 5000 m2. On the family level Fagaceae (IV=53.23%), Chrysobalanaceae (IV=40.53%) and Myristicaceae (IV=26.43%) were dominant. Verti-cally the forest consisted of four strata (A–D). In each stratum Nothofagus rubra, Platea latifolia, Parinari corymbosa and Myristica hollrungii were dominant. The diameter class distribution of Nothofagus rubra, Parinari corymbosa and Platea latifolia led us to assume that these species were regenerating well.


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