scholarly journals KERAGAMAN SPESIES HERBA DAN KEMIRIPAN KOMUNITAS TUMBUHAN PADA DUA PERIODE PEMANTAUAN BERURUTAN DI AREA REKLAMASI PT ADARO INDONESIA, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN, INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Yoga Bayu Santoso ◽  
Mochamad Arief Soendjoto ◽  
Daniel Itta ◽  
Fazlul Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Reclamation Area ◽  
Number Of Individuals

The development of herbaceous species according to the time of monitoring at certain sample locations in the PT Adaro Indonesia reclamation area has never been published. The purpose of the study was to compare the diversity of species and the similarity of plant communities growing in certain locations in two consecutive monitoring periods. Four locations that have been revegetated were sampled. At each location, 13 measuring plots (20 m x 20 m) were made and placed systematically. In each of these plots, 2 sub-plots (5 m x 5 m) were placed in 2 angles in opposite positions. From each sub-plot data in the form of herbaceous species names and number of individuals were collected. In one location, the number of plots changed because part of this location turned out to be active mining areas. The number of remaining plots (6 plots) was considered to not affect the results. Data is processed to obtain the density of each species at a certain location (Ki), the relative density of certain species (KRi), the frequency of each species at a certain location (Fi), the relative frequency of certain species (FRi), the importance value index (IVI), the index of species diversity Shannon-Wienner (H'), and the similarity index of the Dice community (IS). The number of species varies at each sample location and shows an increase from first monitoring to second monitoring. The species diversity index also increases. Community similarity index varies, both with calculations based on the presence or absence of species and based on the IVI. Both methods of calculation can be used but it is recommended to use calculations based on IVI.Keywords: Diversity, Monitoring period, Reclamation area, Similarity

scholarly journals TIPE KOMUNITAS HUTAN LAHAN KERING DI HUTAN LINDUNG SENTAJO, KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI, RIAU

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pebriandi ◽  
Omo Rusdiana ◽  
Muhammad Buce Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Evenness Index

Sentajo Protected Forest located in Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province. There is no information aboutvegetation diversity in this location. Therefore this study was conducted. This study aimed to determine the diversity ofvegetation, structure, and composition of each community in Sentajo Protected Forest. The study was conducted in AprilSeptember2016. A sampling design was determined using systematic sampling with random start. The sampling intensityused was 5%. The parameters measured in this study were the importance value index, similarity index betweencommunities, species diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, regeneration, as well as horizontal and verticalstructures. Based on the type of soil, elevation, and slope, 6 communities were grouped from the dense coverage area(forested). The results showed that the Sentajo Protected Forest had 424 flora consisted of 254 species, and 102 families.Sentajo Protected Forest had similarity index between 18 - 64%, species diversity index of 2.62 - 4.15, evenness index of0.59 - 0.86, dominance index of 0.02 - 0.08. The larger the diameter of the tree, the smaller the number of individuals.The stratification of the canopy had 5 layers of canopy. Sentajo Protected Forest regeneration was relatively good as thenumber of seedlings> saplings> mature trees.

scholarly journals Phytosociological Survey of Sugarcane Crop Weeds in Different Agroecological Areas in Tucumán Province, Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. CABRERA ◽  
S. CHAILA ◽  
M.T. SOBRERO ◽  
A.E. VARELA
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Pampean Plain

ABSTRACT: Weeds constitute the main constraint on the productivity of sugarcane agroecosystems in Argentina. This work aimed to analyze the floristic and phytosociological composition of sugarcane weed communities in different agroecological areas in Tucumán. Fifteen plots from each area were sampled 60 to 90 days after crop shooting, by throwing a 0.5 m x 0.5 m quadrat metallic frame six times in random directions in each of the plots. Species found within the frame were identified. Later, fresh and dry biomass weight were calculated per quadrat sample and species. Frequency, density, dominance, importance value index, Shannon-Wiener and Simpson species diversity index and Jaccard similarity index were calculated. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) was used to interpret similarity. Overall, 35 species were identified, 24 of which were dicotyledons and 11 monocotyledons. Eighteen of them were annual species, versus 17 which were perennial. Considering IVI, the most outstanding families were Poaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Amaranthaceae and Asteraceae. The results obtained in all the areas revealed the importance of the species Panicum maximum, Sorghum halepense, Cyperus rotundus, Cynodon dactylon and Euphorbia hyssopifolia. The areas with greater and less diversity were the Depressed Plain-Non-Saline Depressed Plain Subregion and the Subhumid-Humid Chaco-Pampean Plain, respectively. There was a 53% similarity between the Depressed Plain-Saline Depressed Plain and the Depressed Plain-Non-Saline Depressed Plain, and a 47% similarity between the Humid and Perhumid Foothills and the Subhumid-Humid Chaco-Pampean Plain. Hierarchical clustering and Jaccard index led to similar results.

scholarly journals TIPE KOMUNITAS HUTAN LAHAN KERING DI HUTAN LINDUNG SENTAJO, KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI, RIAU Community Types of Dryland Forest Within The Sentajo Protected Forest, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Pebriandi . ◽  
Omo Rusdiana ◽  
Muhammad Buce Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Evenness Index

Sentajo Protected Forest located in Kuantan Singingi Regency, Riau Province. There is no information about vegetation diversity in this location. Therefore this study was conducted. This study aimed to determine the diversity of vegetation, structure, and composition of each community in Sentajo Protected Forest. The study was conducted in April-September 2016. A sampling design was determined using systematic sampling with random start. The sampling intensity used was 5%. The parameters measured in this study were the importance value index, similarity index between communities, species diversity index, evenness index, dominance index, regeneration, as well as horizontal and vertical structures. Based on the type of soil, elevation, and slope, 6 communities were grouped from the dense coverage area (forested). The results showed that the Sentajo Protected Forest had 424 flora consisted of 254 species, and 102 families. Sentajo Protected Forest had similarity index between 18 - 64%, species diversity index of 2.62 - 4.15, evenness index of 0.59 - 0.86, dominance index of 0.02 - 0.08. The larger the diameter of the tree, the smaller the number of individuals. The stratification of the canopy had 5 layers of canopy. Sentajo Protected Forest regeneration was relatively good as the number of seedlings> saplings> mature trees.Key words: community, composition and structure, diversity, Sentajo Protected Forest.

scholarly journals The The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ZAHLUL IKHSAN ◽  
HIDRAYANI ◽  
YAHERWANDI ◽  
HASMIANDY HAMID
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract. Ikhsan Z, Hidrayani, Yaherwandi, Hamid H. 2020. The diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera insects on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1020-1026. Hymenoptera is one of the four largest insect orders and it plays a vital role in human life as pollinators, parasitoids, and predators. Hymenoptera parasitoids are particularly important as agents of biological control of pest. The objective of this research was to study the diversity and abundance of Hymenoptera on tidal swamp rice field in Indragiri Hilir District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Samplings were conducted in 3 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely Batang Tuaka, Keritang and Reteh, using four trapping techniques (i.e. insect net, malaise trap, pitfall trap, and yellow pan trap). Shannon diversity index (H '), Krebs evenness index (E), and Jaccard similarity index (Is) were calculated. We found 4,701 individuals consisting of 39 families and 319 species of Hymenoptera at the three studied areas. Tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir District had a high species diversity of Hymenoptera parasitoids and Hymenoptera predators, but a moderate species diversity of Hymenoptera pollinators. Species diversity and evenness of Hymenoptera parasitoids and predators were higher in Keritang than in Batang Tuaka and Reteh. The families of Formicidae, Braconidae, Ichneumonidae, and Scelionidae had the highest number of species, while Formicidae, Scelionidae, Diapriidae, and Braconidae had the highest number of individuals. Based on these findings, the abundance and diversity of Hymenoptera insects in Indragiri Hilir District have the potentials to be developed as biological agents to control pests on tidal swamp rice in this area.

scholarly journals Ecology-faunistic analysis of blackflies (DIPTERA, SIMULIIDAE) of hydrobiocenesis on the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
A. Tepliuk ◽  
T. Tepliuk
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Quantitative Correlation ◽  
The North ◽  
Plant Groups ◽  
North Eastern

It has been installed that the species richness of the blackflies of the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians counts 38 species of 2 genera: Prosimulium Roubaud, 1906 (2 species) and Simulium Latreille, 1802 (36 species). 20 species develop in the streams (Simpson's species diversity index (Іs) equals to 0,22), and 26 species develop in the rivers (Іs – 0,10). There are 8 common species of Simuliidae for both types of watercourses (similarity index by Czekanowski/Sørensen (І) is 0,26). 12 species of blackflies develop only in the streams, and 18 species develop only in the rivers. S. trifasciatum Curtis, 1839, S. reptanoides Carlsson, 1962, S. ornatum Meigen, 1818 and S. intermedium Roubaud, 1906 dominate in the hydrobiocenoses of the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians. S. trifasciatum and S. ornatum are widespread. It has been discovered that Simuliidae fauna of main altitudinal zonal plant groups of the region differs in composition and quantitative correlation of species. S. intermedium, S. ornatum, S. reptans Linnaeus, 1758 and S. trifasciatum are eurytopic. In the hydrobiocenoses of the district of beech forests has been registered 31 species (Is – 0.09), and in the watercourses of the district of spruce mountain Carpathian forests has been registered 24 species (Is – 0.18). It has been found out that with the decrease of height in the district of the beech forests, the value of Simpson's species diversity index decreases from 0.16 (20 species) in the subdistrict of the dark-coniferous-beech watershed forests to 0.11 (21 species) in the subdistrict of fir-beech and beech-fir precarpathian forests.

scholarly journals Seedling Diversity Considerably Changes Near Localities in Three Salinity Zones of Sundarbans Mangrove Forest, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 65241
Author(s):  
ASM Helal Siddiqui ◽  
Md. Masudur Rahman ◽  
Md. Najmus Sayadat Pitol ◽  
Md. Akramul Islam ◽  
Sk Md. Mehedi Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Excoecaria Agallocha ◽  
Salinity Zone ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sundarbans Mangrove ◽  
Family Importance Value

The status of natural seedlings near localities in the Sundarbans Mangrove Forest was assessed through a stratified random sampling method  to observe seedling composition and diversity, importance value index, family importance value, and species evenness. A total of 63 sample plots of 3,990 m2 area were surveyed in three natural and anthropogenic influenced salinity zones of Sundarbans. A total of 16,166 seedlings of 15 species under 12 families were found. Family Euphorbiaceae showed the highest (59.59%) family relative density and Rhizophoraceae presented the highest (20%) family relative diversity Index (FRDI). The maximum family importance value (FIV) showed by Euphorbiaceae (66.26) and the maximum importance value index (IVI) of species has been observed in Excoecaria agallocha (114.74). Excoecaria agallocha showed the highest relative density (59.6%) and relative abundance (39.87%) where the highest relative frequency (15.27%) was observed by Heritiera fomes. The mean stem density and species diversity index in the whole survey area was 2701 stem ha-1 and 0.0009 correspondingly. The Shannon-Wienner's diversity index was 1.52 where the maximum Shannon-Wienner's diversity index was 2.708. The Simpson's diversity index and Dominance of Simpson index were 0.38 and 0.62 with Simpson's reciprocal index 2.632. The Species evenness index, Menhinick’s, and Margalef's indices were 0.561, 0.118, and 1.445 respectively. The Species diversity index of the three salinity zones were 0.0017, 0.0029, and 0.0035 respectively. The Shannon-Wienner's diversity index of Low Salinity Zone (LSZ), Moderate Salinity Zone (MSZ), and Strong Salinity Zone (SSZ) were 0.887, 1.369, and 1.845 correspondingly where LSZ (0.632) showed the highest Simpson's diversity index follow ed by MSZ (0.394) and SSZ (0.21). The Species evenness index for LSZ, MSZ, and SSZ were 0.346, 0.505, and 0.742 where Menhinick’s Index were 0.148, 0.210, and 0.207 respectively. The analysis showed poor diversity indices and the area was dominated by few species with few families. The status is also reduced with increasing salinity.

scholarly journals Komposisi Jenis, Struktur Komunitas, dan Keanekaragaman Mangrove Asosiasi Langge Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara-Provinsi Gorontalo

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Sukirman Rahim ◽  
Dewi Wahyuni K Baderan
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Nypa Fruticans

Hutan mangrove Langge yang terdapat di Kecamatan Anggrek Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara memiliki keunikan dari pola zonasi dan keanekaragaman jenis. Hal ini yang menjadikan hutan mangrove di kawasan tersebut sebagai objek wisata tracking mangrove yang dikenal dengan nama “mangrove in love. Hutan mangrove memiliki berbagai fungsi ekologis yang sangat kompleks yakni sebagai daerah pemijahan  (spawing ground), tempat asuhan (nursery ground), dan tempat mencari makan (feeding ground) biota laut yang beraneka jenis dan memiliki fungsi ekonomis diantaranya buah mangrove dapat diolah menjadi berbagai produk kue dan sumber pangan alternatif pengganti beras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) untuk mengetahui komposisi jenis mangrove asosiasi; 2) untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas dari hutan mangrove Langge; dan 3) nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode jalur berpetak (kombinasi plot dan transek). Jumlah spesies yang ditemukan akan dilihat untuk menjadi dasar penentuan komposisi jenis. Untuk pengkuran struktur komunitas mangrove dengan melakukan perhitungan terhadap Kerapatan Relatif (KR) dan Frekuensi Relatif (FR). Selanjutnya data yang didapatkan ditabulasikan untuk memperoleh nilai Indeks Nilai Penting (INP). Perhitungan keanekaragaman jenis menggunakan rumus (Sannon-wienner). Hasil penelitian menemukan 12 spesies tumbuhan mangrove asosiasi yakni Acanthus spinosus, Chromolaena odorata, Crassocephalum sp, Calotropis gigantean, Ipomea pes-caprae, Ricinus communis Excoecaria agallocha, Scaevola taccada, Spinifex littoreus, Terminalia catappa, Derris trifoliate dan Nypa fruticans. Struktur komunitas menunjukkan Chromolaena odorata memiliki nilai INP sebesar 33,2%, Kerapatan Relatif sebesar 24,91%, dan Frekuensi Relatif sebesar 8,33%.  Spesies dengan nilai INP terendah dimiliki oleh Nypa fruticans yaitu sebesar 9,14%, Kerapatan Relatif sebesar 0,81%, dan Frekuensi Relatif sebesar 8,33%. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) mangrove asosiasi sebesar 2,175 dan termasuk dalam kriteria tingkat keanekaragaman sedang. Data yang diperoleh ini dapat digunakan dalam pengelolaan hutan mangrove di Gorontalo Utara serta dapat menjadi database dalam usaha konservasi mangrove guna mengurangi efek pemanasan global.Langge mangrove forest located in the District of North Gorontalo District Orchid has a uniqueness of zoning patterns and keanekragaman types. This is what makes the mangrove forests in the region as a tourist attraction tracking mangrove known as the "mangrove in love. Mangrove forests have a variety of ecological functions is very complex which is a spawning area (spawing ground), point of care (nursery grounds), and foraging (feeding ground) various types of marine life and has the economic function of which pieces of mangrove can be processed into various products cake and alternative food sources instead of rice. This study aims to: 1) to determine the association of mangrove species composition; 2) to determine the community structure of mangrove forests Langge; and 3) the value of diversity index. The method used in this study is a terraced path method (combination of plots and transects). The composition of the types of views based on the number of species found. For sizing mangrove community structure by calculating the Relative Density (KR) and Relative Frequency (FR). Then the data obtained are tabulated to get the value of Importance Value Index (IVI). Calculation of species diversity using the formula (Sannon-wienner). The study found an association of twelve species of mangrove plants and the relative dominance (DR), then the data obtained are tabulated to get the value of Importance Value Index (IVI). Calculation of species diversity using the formula (Sannon-wienner). The study found an association of eight species of mangrove plants and the relative dominance (DR), then the data obtained are tabulated to get the value of Importance Value Index (IVI). Calculation of species diversity using the formula (Sannon-wienner). The study found an association of twelve species of mangrove plantsnamely Acanthus spinosus, Chromolaena odorata, Crassocephalum sp, Calotropis gigantean, Ipomea pes-caprae, Ricinus communis Excoecaria agallocha, Scaevola taccada, Spinifex littoreus, Terminalia catappa, Derris trifoliate dan Nypa fruticans. Community structure showed Chromolaena odorata has a value of IVI of 33,2%, amounting to 24,91% Relative Density and Relative Frequency of 8,33%. The species with the lowest IVI owned by Nypa fruticans that is equal to 9,14%, 0,81% Relative Density and Relative Frequency of 8,33%. Values Diversity Index (H ') at 2.175 and mangrove associates included in the criteria for a medium level of diversity. The data obtained can be used in the management of mangrove forests in North Gorontalo and can be a database of mangrove conservation efforts to reduce the effects of global warming.

scholarly journals Studi Ekologi Kuantitatif Hutan Pilan Sebagai Dasar Pengembangan Kebun Raya Gianyar

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Farid Kuswantoro ◽  
I Nyoman Lugrayasa ◽  
Wawan Sujarwo
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Study ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Sacred Forest ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Study Results

Penelitian ekologi kuantitatif diperlukan sebagai baseline dalam proses pembangunan dan pengembangan kebun raya di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data vegetasi di kawasan hutan yang akan dibangun kebun raya dan menganalisisnya secara kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode petak kuadrat (PU), dengan petak ukur 20 m x 20 m untuk pengamatan tingkat pohon dan tiang, serta 2 mx 2 m untuk pengamatan tingkat tumbuhan bawah. Analisis data dilakukan mengunakan indeks nilai penting, indeks keanekaragaman ShannonWiener, indeks similaritas, analisis kluster, dan analisis komponen utama (PCA). Komunitas tumbuhan di hutan Pilan didominasi oleh Magnolia montana (Blume) Figlar dan Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. pada tingkat pohon serta Daemonorops sp. pada tingkat tumbuhan bawah. Indeks keanekaragaman pada tingkat pohon dan tiang menunjukan nilai sedang dan rendah pada tingkat tumbuhan bawah, sementara indeks similaritas mayoritas kombinasi PU adalah rendah. Hasil kluster menunjukan terbentuknya dua subset pada kedua tingkat pertumbuhan, dimana PU VI berada di luar kluster sedangkan PCA menunjukan setiap PU mendukung jenis tumbuhan yang berbeda-beda. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa komposisi vegetasi hutan Pilan mendekati klimaks yang disebabkan karena statusnya sebagai hutan keramat sehingga relatif bebas dari gangguan. Faktor-faktor yang diduga mempengaruhi perbedaan komposisi tumbuhan di setiap PU adalah pH tanah, intensitas sinar matahari, jenis pohon yang dominan, efek tepi, dan persebaran bijioleh hewan.Quantitative Ecological Study of Pilan Forest as a Baseline for Development of Gianyar Botanic GardenAbstractQuantitative ecological research is needed as a baseline in the future construction and development of botanic gardens. This study aims to acquired the vegetation data in the forest area where a botanic garden will be established and analyse it quantitatively. The study was conducted using the quadrat plot (PU) method, with a plot measuring 20 m x 20 m for observation and tagging of all trees and saplings, as well as 2 mx2 m for observation of the understorey level. Data analysis was performed by utilising the importance value index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, similarity index, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis (PCA). Plant communities in Pilan Forest were dominated by Magnolia montana(Blume) Figlar and Arenga pinnata(Wurmb) Merr. at the canopy level and Daemonorops sp. in the understorey level. The diversity index was moderate and low respectively, while the similarity index was mostly low. The clustering results showed the formation of two subsets in both growth rate as the PU VI was outside the cluster and the PCA indicated that each plot supports different plant species. The study results concluded that the composition of vegetation at Pilan forest is approaching the maximum diversity, and is relatively undisturbed due to its status as a sacred forest. Factors thought to affect the different composition of plants in each plot was the pH of the soil, the intensity of sunlight, dominant tree species, edge effects and distribution of seeds by animals.

scholarly journals KAJIAN EKOLOGI, KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS DAN POTENSI POHON DI PEKARANGAN (STUDI KASUS DI DESA KEBAK, JUMANTONO, KARANGANYAR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Arief Susanto ◽  
Endang Setya Muliawati ◽  
Djoko Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Canopy Area

<p><em>Homegarden is one alternative that multipurpose agricultural land to cope with reduced land resources. This study aimed to determine the characteristics of the ecology, species diversity and potential of trees in the homegarden that is useful in further development. The research </em><em>had been </em><em>conducted </em><em>in </em><em>June</em><em> to August 2011 in the Kebak Village, Jumantono District, Karanganyar Regency</em><em> </em><em>with a </em><em>altitude of </em><em>330</em><em> meters above sea level and soil type alvisol. </em><em>This</em><em> experiment </em><em>used</em><em> survey methods with observation unit is divided into three categories based on the size of the homegarden: narrow (&lt;700 m<sup>2</sup>), medium (700-900 m<sup>2</sup>) and large (&gt; 900 m<sup>2</sup>). Observed variables include three aspects: biological variables (type and number of trees, tree height, trunk diameter and canopy area), physical variables (analysis of soil, microclimate homegarden, macroclimate and physiographic land) and analysis of the vegetation (density, frequency, dominance, relative density, relative frequency, relative dominance, importance value index and the index of species diversity). Kebak village had been 40 species of trees are divided into fruit trees, timber, vegetable producers, growers and others. The results showed indicate that the type of fruit tree had the largest of 20 species by the reached 142 tree to rambutan tree. Spacious homegarden area had the highest type and number of trees as well as the highest species diversity index.</em></p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Artificial Lights on Nocturnal Macrolepidoptera (Lepidoptera: Macroheterocera) Communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edit Nagy Pintérné ◽  
Zoltán Pödör
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Species Diversity Index ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractWe examined the light sources and illuminated environments in Sopron’s public areas and studied the impact they had on the composition of macrolepidopteran moth communities. We employed light traps with three different light sources in three differently illuminated environments (seminatural, transitional, urban) on 60 occasions during the summer period of 2012-2013 and 20 times in the seminatural area in the spring and autumn of 2014. In the first two years, we evaluated the number of individuals; in year three, we evaluated the number of species. In the first two years, the high-pressure sodium light in the seminatural site trapped the largest number of nocturnal lepidopteran specimens (2,569), while the mixed HMLI light trapped the most individuals in the transitional (1,098) and urban (822) areas. Based on the average number of individuals the first two years, we compared the locations and light sources. In terms of average number of specimens collected, significant differences emerged between two light sources and two locations. When we completed the species diversity index, we determined the compact fluorescent tube in spring and the high-pressure sodium light in the autumn showed the greatest values.

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