Representation and Matching of Two-dimensional Curvilinear Figures Considering Curvatures and Spatial Positions

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-433
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Katsulai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Constant Curvature ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Sequence ◽  
Autonomous Mobile Robots ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dynamic Image ◽  
The Relationship

Autonomous mobile robots must visually recognize their three-dimensional environment so that they can quickly discover and avoid obstacles to their movement or find targets. In order to accomplish this objective, it is a matter of essential importance to match curvilinear segments of a two-dimensional stereo dynamic image sequence. This paper proposes a method in which what is called constant-curvature arc data, which include not only curvatures but also the relationship between spacial positions, are used for representing curves. This paper also suggests a method to match two-dimensional curves and verifies its effectiveness through experiments.

Relationship of the nanocrystal morphology and atomistic structure with respect to the superstructure ordering within PbS- and Gold-Mesocrystals

2014 ◽  
Vol 1705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Bahrig ◽  
Danny Haubold ◽  
Falk Röder ◽  
Stephen G. Hickey ◽  
Alexander Eychmüller
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Atomistic Structure

ABSTRACTThe relationship between nanoparticle geometry and their two dimensional assembly is investigated in order to provide insights into the three dimensional arrangement of mesocrystals. The crystal structure of the nanoparticles and their homogeneity are investigated during structure formation on the mesoscale whereby effects such as fibrillation have been observed.

scholarly journals Until I see your dream in dark skies

IDEA JOURNAL ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 16-47
Author(s):  
Remco Roes ◽  
Peter Snowdon
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dark Space ◽  
Artistic Work ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Two Dimensional Images

  This visual essay and accompanying text explores the work of the Belgian assemblage artist Camiel Van Breedam through a series of dialogues: between Van Breedam’s personal archive of waste material, and the works that he has shaped out of it; through the very different works that Remco Roes has himself made using that same archive; through the relationship between the two-dimensional images that make up the visual essay, and the complex three-dimensional spaces they seek both to articulate and to conceal; and through the ensuing conversation between Roes and Peter Snowdon, which itself simultaneously explicates, complicates, revises and evades the visual modes of knowledge developed by the images. In this dialogue, it is suggested that none of these spaces – whether tactile, visual or verbal – can exist apart from the particular bodies that engage them as their “sole locus of reference,”and that the dark space where the raw, fragmentary material is collected and conserved is never exhausted by the emergent work, but persists and insists as its ground and its condition. The result is not a commentary or an analysis, in images or in words, but a form of resonance between interiority as a sensory practice, and the exposed surfaces of the always-provisional artistic work.

Microcircuitry of the cat retina: Connections between arrays of neurons

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 706-711
Author(s):  
Michael A. Freed ◽  
Peter Sterling
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Electron ◽  
Rod Photoreceptors ◽  
Cat Retina ◽  
The Relationship

One of the most basic of structure-function relationships in the mammalian visual system is the relationship between the size of a ganglion cell's receptive field and the number of rod photoreceptors which are connected to it. There is also the flip side of the coin: how many ganglion cells does a single photoreceptor connect to? We have estimated the number of rods which converge upon an on-beta type of retinal ganglion cell; we have also estimated the number of on-beta ganglion cells which a single rod diverges to. Our method is to extract a three-dimensional circuit from a series of two-dimensional electron microscope sections. The results have implications for the preservation of the signal/noise ratio in the ganglion cell.There are two well-documented routes from the rods to the on-beta ganglion cell.

A Comparison of Three Visual Representations of Complex Multidimensional Accounting Information

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Dull ◽  
David P. Tegarden
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Interactive Computer Program ◽  
Data Output ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigates the relationship between three visual representations (two-dimensional, three-dimensional fixed, and three-dimensional rotatable) of multidimensional data, and the subjects' ability to make predictions based on the data. Output of a momentum accounting system was simulated and graphics were rendered based on that information. An interactive computer program was developed and used to administer the laboratory experiment and collect results. Subjects made prediction decisions based on the graphics produced for four companies. Each subject made predictions for one type of graphics representation for each of the four companies. Subjects using three-dimensional data that could be rotated provided the most accurate predictions. This finding is significant in a systems environment where visualizations and graphics are steadily increasing. The results should be considered when developing systems to provide accounting system users with information for making decisions, especially when the information to be presented is multidimensional in nature.

Foot shape prediction using elliptical Fourier analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 1026-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Wu ◽  
Duan Li ◽  
Pengpeng Hu ◽  
Yueqi Zhong ◽  
Ning Pan
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Analysis ◽  
Principle Component Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Method ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Training Set ◽  
Principle Component ◽  
Shape Prediction ◽  
Elliptical Fourier Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper, a new method was proposed to establish the relationship between three-dimensional (3D) foot shapes and their two-dimensional (2D) foot silhouettes, through which a complete 3D foot shape can be predicted by simply inputting its two 2D silhouettes. 3D foot scans of 80 participants were randomly selected as the training set, and those of another 20 participants were used as the testing set. Elliptical Fourier analysis (EFA) and principle component analysis (PCA) were adopted to parameterize the 3D foot shapes. A linear regressive model was then developed to predict the 3D foot shape with the foot silhouettes. Experiment results indicated individual 3D foot shape can be predicted with a mean error between 1.21 and 1.27 mm, which can provide enough accuracy for the fit evaluation of footwear.

The Sahara

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Barich
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Representation ◽  
Three Dimensional Representation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Symbolic Content ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the collection of objects, in clay and stone, from various pastoral Saharan sites whose original core area lay between Libya (Tadrart Acacus) and Algeria (Tassili- n-Ajjer). The chapter starts from the general theme of the relationship between the figurines and the subjects they represent, and the difference between two-dimensional and three-dimensional representation. It goes on to discuss the manufacturing process of the clay specimens (dating from between 7000 and 4000 years ago) and the significance of the changes introduced by the Neolithic. Most of the items studied fall into the category of zoomorphic figurines, with only two anthropomorphic examples, and find in the depiction of cattle their most striking subject. These representations possess an evident symbolic content which must be framed within the pastoral ideology of the Saharan Neolithic. In the anthropomorphic figurines the representation of the human body also plays the role of recapturing the sense of wholeness.

scholarly journals From Three-Dimension to Two-Dimension: The Formation of Henri Matisse’s Painting Style

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Huifeng Zhang ◽  
Li Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimension ◽  
Henri Matisse ◽  
Color Scheme ◽  
Unique Style ◽  
The Relationship

Through his life as a pupil in his early years and the transformation into a Fauve (wild beast), Henri Matisse learnt that he must forgo the traditional techniques of the masters and understand art in his own way. He first replaced the color scheme in his paintings with purer colors and clearer outlines of color ranges; in his later life, he devoted himself to two-dimensional coloring and finally to two-dimensional paper cut-outs. Therewith, a unique style brought forth by Henri Matisse took shape, ushering the diversification of the drawing medium. Since then, paintings are no more confined to rigid classicism, which only explores the relationship between colors in sketch-based three-dimensional spaces, but a reflection of the painters’ scrutiny of the nature of painting.

Children’s Control/Display Stereotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Errol R. Hoffmann ◽  
Alan H. S. Chan ◽  
Judy P. C. Tai
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Complex Tasks ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Design For Children ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objective The aim of this study was to determine control/display stereotypes for children of a range of ages and development of these stereotypes with age. Background Little is known about control/display stereotypes for children of different ages and the way in which these stereotypes develop with age. This study is part of a program to determine the need to design differentially for these age groups. Method We tested four groups of children with various tasks (age groups 5 to 7, 8 to 10, 11 to 13, 14 to 16), with about 30 in each group. Examples of common tasks were opening a bottle, turning on taps, and allocating numbers to keypads. More complex tasks involved rotating a control to move a display in a requested direction. Results Tasks with which different age groups were familiar showed no effect of age group. Different control/display arrangements generally showed an increase in stereotype strength with age, with dependence on the form of the control/display arrangement. Two-dimensional arrangements, with the control on the same plane as the display, had higher stereotype strength than three-dimensional arrangements for all age groups, suggesting an effect of familiarity with controls and displays with increasing age. Conclusion Children’s control/display stereotypes do not differ greatly from those of adults, and hence, design for children older than 5 years of age, for control/display stereotypes, can be the same as that for adult populations. Application When designing devices for children, the relationship between controls and displays can be as for adult populations, for which there are considerable experimental data.

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