scholarly journals Role of induction and adjuvant systemic treatment in mesothelioma: narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Martin J. Edelman
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Adjuvant Systemic Treatment

The prognostic role of preoperative serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in patients with resected advanced melanoma.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21054-e21054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Majithia ◽  
Ana Velazquez Manana ◽  
Yiyi Yan ◽  
Lisa A. Kottschade ◽  
Roxana Stefania Dronca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Treatment ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Advanced Melanoma ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Adjuvant Radiation ◽  
Adjuvant Systemic Treatment ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Increased Risk

e21054 Background: Up to 50% of patients undergoing resection for advanced melanoma experience recurrence. Identification of preoperative prognostic biomarkers is needed to ascertain risk of relapse and guide postoperative management. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) represents a strong prognostic factor in unresectable metastatic (stage IV) melanoma, but its relevance in patients with resected stage III or IV disease remains unknown. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients with stage III and IV melanoma who had undergone complete resection of disease and received follow-up treatment at Mayo Clinic, Rochester between January 1, 2000 and January 31, 2012. Clinical data were collected from electronic records. Survival data were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Associations of preoperative LDH with time to relapse and death were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models and summarized with hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total of 154 subjects with resectable stage III or IV melanoma were included in the study. Median age at the time of resection was 58; 54 (35.1%) were female. One-hundred sixteen (75.3%) patients were classified as stage III and 38 (24.7%) stage IV. Adjuvant systemic treatment was administered in 75 (48.7%) patients and adjuvant radiation in 32 (20.7%). Median duration of follow-up was 4.0 years. Sixteen (10.3%) patients had preoperative LDH above the upper limit of normal. Each 50-unit increase in LDH was associated with a 15% increased risk of relapse (HR 1.15; p = 0.040) and 23% increased risk of death (HR 1.23; p = 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, stage, number of sites, adjuvant systemic treatment, and adjuvant radiation, preoperative LDH remained associated with time to death (HR 1.25; p = 0.002). Preoperative LDH greater than the upper limit of normal was associated with increased hazard of death, both with univariate (HR 2.44; p = 0.005) and multivariate (HR 2.17; p = 0.017) analyses. Conclusions: This study supports the role of elevated preoperative LDH as a predictor of inferior outcomes in patients with advanced melanoma. Further study to correlate LDH to outcomes in the era of adjuvant immunotherapy is required.

COVID-19 and Comorbidities: is Inflammation the Underlying Condition in Children? A narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Pinna ◽  
Lavinia Sanfilippo ◽  
Pier Paolo Bassareo ◽  
Vassilios Fanos ◽  
Maria Antonietta Marcialis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Underlying Condition ◽  
Pathogenic Mechanisms ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Potential Link

: This paper examines the potential link between COVID-19 and the presence of comorbidities and assesses the role of inflammation in this correlation. In COVID-19 patients, the most frequently associated diseases share a pathogenic inflammatory basis and apparently act as a risk factor in the onset of a more severe form of the disease, particularly in adulthood. However, in children, the understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms is often complicated by the milder symptoms presented. A series of theories have therefore been put forward with a view of providing a better understanding of the role played by inflammation in this dramatic setting. All evidence available to date on this topic is discussed in this review.

The application of virtual reality in health professions� digital education: a narrative review (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Tudor Car ◽  
Bhone Myint Kyaw ◽  
Josip Car
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Health Professions Education ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Content ◽  
Potential Applications

BACKGROUND Digital technology called Virtual Reality (VR) is increasingly employed in health professions’ education. Yet, based on the current evidence, its use is narrowed around a few most applications and disciplines. There is a lack of an overview that would capture the diversity of different VR applications in health professions’ education and inform its use and research. OBJECTIVE This narrative review aims to explore different potential applications of VR in health professions’ education. METHODS The narrative synthesis approach to literature review was used to analyse the existing evidence. RESULTS We outline the role of VR features such as immersion, interactivity and feedback and explain the role of VR devices. Based on the type and scope of educational content VR can represent space, individuals, objects, structures or their combination. Application of VR in medical education encompasses environmental, organ and micro level. Environmental VR focuses on training in relation to health professionals’ environment and human interactions. Organ VR educational content targets primarily human body anatomy; and micro VR microscopic structures at the level of cells, molecules and atoms. We examine how different VR features and health professional education areas match these three VR types. CONCLUSIONS We conclude by highlighting the gaps in the literature and providing suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Exploring the role of gender and women in the political economy of health in armed conflict: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Meagher ◽  
Bothaina Attal ◽  
Preeti Patel
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Health Systems Strengthening ◽  
The Political ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Political Economy Of Health ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background The ripple effects of protracted armed conflicts include: significant gender-specific barriers to accessing essential services such as health, education, water and sanitation and broader macroeconomic challenges such as increased poverty rates, higher debt burdens, and deteriorating employment prospects. These factors influence the wider social and political determinants of health for women and a gendered analysis of the political economy of health in conflict may support strengthening health systems during conflict. This will in turn lead to equality and equity across not only health, but broader sectors and systems, that contribute to sustainable peace building. Methods The methodology employed is a multidisciplinary narrative review of the published and grey literature on women and gender in the political economy of health in conflict. Results The existing literature that contributes to the emerging area on the political economy of health in conflict has overlooked gender and specifically the role of women as a critical component. Gender analysis is incorporated into existing post-conflict health systems research, but this does not extend to countries actively affected by armed conflict and humanitarian crises. The analysis also tends to ignore the socially constructed patriarchal systems, power relations and gender norms that often lead to vastly different health system needs, experiences and health outcomes. Conclusions Detailed case studies on the gendered political economy of health in countries impacted by complex protracted conflict will support efforts to improve health equity and understanding of gender relations that support health systems strengthening.

scholarly journals The Role of Nutrient Supplementation in the Management of Chronic Pain in Fibromyalgia: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Waleed Haddad ◽  
Nikita Reddy Mallepalli ◽  
John Emerson Scheinuk ◽  
Pranav Bhargava ◽  
Elyse M. Cornett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation

scholarly journals The Quality of Life Definition: Where Are We Going?

Uro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Tommaso Cai ◽  
Paolo Verze ◽  
Truls E. Bjerklund Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Extra Dimension ◽  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Laboratory Findings

The quality of life (QoL) concept now includes new aspects related to patients’ well-being because QoL has become more of a personal perception than an an objective and measurable entity. Here, we discuss the principal aspects of QoL-related aspects in urology and andrology by using a narrative review. Some aspects concerning the QoL are essential when managing uro-andrological patients. The aim of treatments should not only include the absence of disease or symptoms relief but also the improvement of a patient’s QoL with regard to his/her internal status and relationship with others. In this sense, any therapeutic approach should be based on the patient’s perspectives and not only on the instrumental and laboratory findings. Finally, we discussed the role of a patient’s sexual partner adding an extra dimension to the patient-centerd approach as part of the QoL concept in andrology.

scholarly journals Ineffective Feeding Practices and Their Effect on Malocclusion: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratima R. Mokashi ◽  
Srikala Bhandary
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
World Health ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Nutritive Sucking

Abstract Objective The aim of this narrative review is to highlight the association of ineffective feeding practices with the development of malocclusion in children and the role of a pediatric dentist in identifying the cues and signs of improper feeds, and encourage effective breastfeeding practices. Introduction There has been an ongoing debate on the role of effective breastfeeding in the prevention of malocclusion. Although no specific claim supports the positive impact of the same, a detailed reviewing of the literature helps to identify the method of feeding to be chosen considering health benefits and personal preference. Materials and Methods A broad search of all resources linked to the topic was performed in PubMed, Medline, World Health Organization web site, government web sites, and Google Scholar search engine. Keywords used in the search included breastfeeding, ineffective breastfeeding, bottle feeding, pacifier, and malocclusion. A total of 60 articles published in the period from 2000 to 2019 were segregated. Selected articles comprised original research, meta-analysis, and systematic reviews. Results Parameters such as duration, posture, and non-nutritive sucking habits had an impact on effective breastfeeding. Discussion Effective breastfeeding and maintaining appropriate posture and duration helps to positively impact the normal growth and development of the jaws, muscular functioning, and speech. Thereby, the risk of developing malocclusion in primary dentition can be prevented. Conclusion An understanding of the role of breastfeeding and malocclusion will help in the early intervention and prevention of malocclusion and deviated muscular function. Highlighting the role of counseling and effective feeding practices is also an area that should be focused upon by budding clinicians.

scholarly journals Calming the inflammatory storm in severe COVID-19 infections: Role of biologics- A narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Banji ◽  
Saad S. Alqahtani ◽  
Otilia J.F. Banji ◽  
Shamna Machanchery ◽  
Ambreen Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Review
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