Questionable Effect of Crosshatching Incision in Septoplasty

Objectives. Crosshatching incision has been considered a useful method for correcting cartilaginous septal deviation. The aim of this study was to determine the utility and limitations of this approach.Methods. This retrospective case-control study included 353 patients who underwent septoplasty performed by a senior surgeon between January 2004 and December 2010. Patients were classified into two groups according to whether crosshatching incision was performed (n=151) during septoplasty or not (n=202). All other techniques performed during septoplasty were identical. The parameters of surgical success (improvement of nasal obstruction, correction of deviation, and acoustic rhinometry results) and adverse effects were compared between the groups.Results. There were no significant differences in the parameters of surgical success between the groups (improvement of nasal obstruction, P=0.333; correction of deviation, P=0.608; acoustic rhinometry results, P=0.322 for the difference in the minimal cross-sectional area; P=0.919 for difference in volume). Relative to patients who did not undergo the cross-hatching incision, patients with whom the technique was performed showed a significantly higher incidence of saddle nose (0/202 vs. 4/151 cases, P=0.033) and overcorrection (0/202 vs. 5/151 cases, P=0.014).Conclusion. Crosshatching incision during septoplasty did not produce better surgical outcomes; however, it caused adverse effects such as saddle nose and overcorrection. Therefore, the use of crosshatching incision should be re-evaluated.

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Prevalence of Balance Impairment and Factors Associated with Balance among Patients with Stroke. A Cross Sectional Retrospective Case Control Study

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9030320 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 320

Author(s):

Fayaz Khan ◽

Mohamed Faisal Chevidikunnan

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Case Control ◽

Knee Extensors ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Balance Impairment ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Control Study

Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide, and balance impairments are common disabling factors in patients with stroke, leading to falls. Thus, the study objectives were as follows: (i) To find the prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke. (ii) To find out the factors associated with balance impairment in patients with stroke. This cross-sectional retrospective case control study involved eighty-one post stroke patients with a mean age of 58.36 ± 14.06, recruited from six hospitals, who underwent an assessment of balance, walking speed, depression and isometric strength of the ankle and knee. These patients were later categorized into subjects with good balance (<45) in the Berg balance scale (BBS) and those with poor balance (≥45), as cases and controls, to assess the factors associated with balance impairment using binary logistic regression. The prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke was 48.1%. The reduction in power of knee flexors (OR = 0.858), knee extensors (OR = 0.880) and ankle dorsiflexors (OR = 0.820) was found to be significantly associated with balance impairment, along with speed (OR = 1.187 (95% CI = 1.100, 1.280)), depression (OR = 1.331 (95% CI = 1.055–1.679)) and activities of daily living (OR = 0.313 (95% CI = 0.150–0.650)). In summary, around half of the patients with stroke exhibited balance impairments, with females being more prone.

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Association of Higher Circulating Insulin Antibody with Increased Mean Amplitude Glycemic Excursion in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional, Retrospective Case-Control Study

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2019/7304140 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Jian Zhu ◽

Lu Yuan ◽

Wen-ji Ni ◽

Yong Luo ◽

Jian-hua Ma

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Mean Amplitude ◽

Case Control ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship ◽

Control Study

Insulin antibody (IA) may potentially affect a patient’s glycemic control due to its variability in both binding and/or releasing insulin. However, the association between IA titer and daily glycemic variability (GV) is still unknown. We thus performed this cross-sectional, retrospective case-control study to assess the relationship between IA titer and mean amplitude glycemic excursion (MAGE) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system. We recruited 100 eligible patients (IA>5%, IA positive) and divided them into two groups—a low (L) group and a high (H) group—based on their IA titer. The control (C) group consisted of 47 patients (IA≤5%, IA negative) matched for age, BMI, gender, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The CGM determined the GV of enrolled patients. The primary outcome was the relationship between the IA titer and the MAGE, and the secondary outcome was the differences of GV among the three groups. We found that patients in the H group had higher levels of blood glucose fluctuation parameters than those in the L and C groups. The Ln(IA) was positively correlated with Ln(MAGE) even after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, HbA1c, and fasting and postprandial C-peptide(r=0.423, p<0.001). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis revealed that Ln(IA) was an independent factor of Ln(MAGE) (beta=0.405, p<0.001). In conclusion, the higher circulating IA titer was associated with increased MAGE in T2DM patients, indicating that those patients with elevated IA titer should receive GV assessment and individualized treatment.

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Negative Interaction between Lithium and Electroconvulsive Therapy – A Case-Control Study

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.168.2.241 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 168 (2) ◽

pp. 241-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

A. K. Jha ◽

G. S. Stein ◽

P. Fenwick

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Negative Interaction ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Concurrent Use ◽

Control Study ◽

Age And Sex

BackgroundConcurrent use of lithium and ECT is suspected to increase neurotoxicity.MethodA retrospective case-control study over an eight-year period was conducted to investigate the adverse effects of a combined lithium/ECT treatment Thirty-one subjects with combined lithium/ECT treatment were compared with a control group (ECT only) of 135 cases matched for age and sex.ResultsMost cases in both groups had no adverse effects. Three (10%) study group subjects and 15 (11 %) controls experienced brief delirium. Three controls and none of the subjects developed a prolonged confusion. There were no significant differences in the profile of other adverse effects between the two groups.ConclusionPrescription of lithium together with ECT was not associated with higher frequency of adverse effects.

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Reduction in surgical site infection with suprafascial intrawound application of vancomycin powder in instrumented posterior spinal fusion: a retrospective case-control study

Journal of Neurosurgery Spine ◽

10.3171/2017.12.spine17997 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 193-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Shoichi Haimoto ◽

Ralph T. Schär ◽

Yusuke Nishimura ◽

Masahito Hara ◽

Toshihiko Wakabayashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Effects ◽

Spinal Fusion ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Posterior Spinal Fusion ◽

Study Groups ◽

Treated Group ◽

Untreated Group ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Vancomycin Powder ◽

Control Study

OBJECTIVERecent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of subfascial intrawound application of vancomycin powder in spine surgery in reducing the rate of surgical site infections (SSIs). However, to date no study has evaluated the efficacy and safety of suprafascial application of vancomycin powder in spine surgery. The purpose of this study was to quantify the rate of SSIs after open instrumented posterior spinal fusion with and without application of suprafascial vancomycin powder and to evaluate the rate of vancomycin powder–related local adverse effects.METHODSThe authors conducted a single-center retrospective case-control study of adult patients undergoing open instrumented posterior fusion of the cervical, thoracic, or lumbar spine performed by a single surgeon from January 2010 through December 2016. In March 2013, routine application of 1 g of suprafascial vancomycin powder was started for all cases in addition to standard systemic antibiotic prophylaxis. Baseline demographics and operative data as well as the SSI rates were compared between the study groups. The incidence of vancomycin powder–related adverse effects was analyzed.RESULTSA total of 515 patients (268 in the untreated group and 247 in the treated group) were included in the study. The mean age was significantly higher in the treated group than in the untreated group (58.4 vs 54.4 years, p < 0.01). Operative variables were similar between the study groups. Patients receiving vancomycin powder had a significantly lower infection rate (5.6% in the untreated group vs 0% in the treated group, p < 0.001). No vancomycin powder–related adverse effects were identified in the treated group.CONCLUSIONSRoutine application of suprafascial intrawound vancomycin powder in addition to systemic antibiotic prophylaxis is an easy-to-use, safe, and effective strategy for preventing SSIs after instrumented posterior spinal fusion. Suprafascial application of vancomycin powder could be a valuable alternative to previously reported subfascial distribution, minimizing the risk of local adverse drug reactions.

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A preliminary comparison of the Aravind aurolab drainage implant with the Baerveldt glaucoma implant: A matched case-control study

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672120912383 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 112067212091238

Author(s):

Najla Hafeezullah ◽

Sara AlHilali ◽

Fahad Alghulaydhawi ◽

Deepak P Edward ◽

Sameer Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Glaucoma Surgery ◽

Case Control ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Surgical Success ◽

Baerveldt Glaucoma Implant ◽

Control Study

Purpose: The Aurolab® aqueous drainage implant is a low-cost alternative to the Baerveldt glaucoma implant. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the two implants are comparable in terms of surgical success and safety. Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study of Aurolab aqueous drainage implant done at our institution from May 2015 and May 2017. Twenty-five consecutive patients who received an Aurolab aqueous drainage implant were matched by age and diagnosis to patients who received a Baerveldt glaucoma implant. Data were collected pre-operative and post-operative visits, including visual acuity and intraocular pressure, number of medications, and complications. Surgical success was defined as intraocular pressure between 5 and 21 mmHg with a minimum 20% reduction from baseline, without loss of light perception or the need for further glaucoma surgery. Cox regression analysis was used to predict factors associated with surgical success. Results: The median (interquartile range, IQR) intraocular pressure at 1 year was 16.0 (8.0) mmHg for the Baerveldt glaucoma implant and 13.0 (8.0) mmHg for the Aurolab aqueous drainage implant, p = 0.38. Success (mean ± SE) at 1 year for the intraocular pressure >21-mmHg failure criterion was 65% ± 15% for the Baerveldt glaucoma implant and 79% ± 11% for the Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (p = 0.80). The frequency of complications listed was similar for the two groups (Fisher’s exact p = 0.71). In the Cox regression, the type of implant was not found to be associated with surgical success. Conclusions: Our preliminary results suggest that the Aurolab aqueous drainage implant is comparable to the Baerveldt glaucoma implant. Further long-term data in a larger population are needed to confirm these findings.

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