scholarly journals Socio-technical Aspects of Smallholder Beekeeping Adoption of Apis cerana in Wanagama Teaching Forest, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Dwiko Budi Permadi ◽  
Nafiatul Umami ◽  
Ananto Triyogo ◽  
Rini Pujiarti ◽  
Bekti Larasati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Photograph ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Pollen Data ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Depth Interview

The successful rehabilitation of Wanagama teaching forests, which began in the late of 1960s, has created a distinctive forest ecosystem. Currently the forests become the habitat of Apis cerana, enterprised by the surrounding villagers to produce natural forest honey as a non-timber forest product. This paper aims to explore the adoption of smallholder beekeeping of A. cerana, the beekeepers’ socio-economic characteristics, the potential and value of forest honey production, the distribution of bee-boxes inside the forests and potential tree sources of nectar and pollen. Data collection was carried out in July - September 2019 with in-depth interview techniques to 38 beekeepers. Field observations and ground checks were carried out on the sites where beekeepers were placing the bee-boxes in the forest. In addition, an analysis of aerial photograph images taken with drone was also carried out to identify the area of trees as sources of nectar and pollen. The results show that between 1982 and 2019 the development of the adoption of the A. cerana beekeeping increased significantly. The total production of honey from 506 bee-boxes reached 658 liters or 894.9 kg in year of 2018/2019. The number of bee-boxes placed in Wanagama was mainly distributed inside Compartment of 13, 17, 14, 16, 5, and 18. Acacia mangium, eucalyptus, cajuput and mahogany were the main types of nectar-producing trees, in addition to the abundance of flowering undergrowth plants. Many of the challenges faced by honey beekeepers included climate change, the shortage of nectar and pollen sources, pests and diseases and human disturbances. This research suggests the need for a social, institutional and technical approaches to increase the forest productivity as sources of nectar and pollen. It is suggested encouraging the smallholders to adopt beekeeping as the main livelihood alternatives in future and planting more trees in Wanagama forests.

scholarly journals JENIS LEBAH MADU DAN TANAMAN SUMBER PAKAN PADA BUDI DAYA LEBAH MADU DI HUTAN PRODUKSI SUBANJERIJI, KABUPATEN MUARA ENIM, SUMATERA SELATAN (Honeybee diversity and woof source of beekeeping in Subanjeriji production forest, Muara Enim District, South Sumatera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Beni Rahmad ◽  
◽  
Nurhayati Damiri ◽  
Mulawarman Mulawarman ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Participation ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Forest Plants

Abstract The objective of this research was to identify Honeybee's diversity, plants as a potential woof source, and the participation of Forest Farmers Group (KTH) Sari Puspa members in the Subanjeriji Production Forest, Muara Enim District, Sumatera Selatan Province. Identification of bees was carried out by collecting samples which are then identified based on the species key determination. Collecting the potential woof source employed the transect method established around the beekeeping sites. Direct observation and interviews with beekeeper samples were utilized to determine community participation in forest conservation efforts to support beekeeping. The results indicated that it has been identified in field the sting bee of Apis cerana Fabr and stingless bee of Trigona, with variations of as many as six species: Genitrigona thoracica, Heterotrigona itama, Tetrigona apicalis, Lepidotrigona terminata, Tetragonula testaceitarsis, and Tetragonula laeviceps. The types of potential bee woof sources that have been identified consist of forestry plants namely Acacia mangium, Multi-Purpose Tree Species (MPTS) such as rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and fruit-producing plants, and shrubs. Most of the honey beekeepers understand that forest plants' existence is beneficial to support honey production so that the majority of farmers are involved in land enrichment efforts with woody plants and MPTS that produce fruit. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis lebah madu dan sumber pakan potensial, serta mengetahui tingkat partisipasi anggota Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) Sari Puspa dalam usaha pelestarian kawasan hutan di Hutan Produksi Subanjeriji, Kabupaten Muara Enim, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Identifikasi jenis lebah dilakukan dengan pengumpulan sampel lebah yang selanjutnya diidentifikasi berdasarkan kunci determinasi. Pengumpulan data tanaman pakan potensial dilakukan dengan metode transek yang dibuat di sekitar lokasi budi daya lebah. Analisis tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam usaha pelestarian hutan dilakukan dengan metode wawancara dan pengamatan secara lansung ke lokasi penelitian. Lokasi pengambilan data dilakukan pada 3 desa yang terletak di dalam kawasan hutan, berbatasan dengan kawasan hutan dan di luar kawasan hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis lebah madu yang dibudidayakan terdiri atas jenis lebah bersengat dari spesies Apis cerana Fabr. dan jenis lebah kelulut sebanyak 6 spesies yakni Genitrigona thoracica, Heterotrigona itama, Tetrigona apicalis, Lepidotrigona terminata, Tetragonula testaceitarsis, dan Tetragonula laeviceps. Jenis tanaman sumber pakan lebah potensial yang berhasil diidentifikasi terdiri atas jenis tanaman kehutanan yaitu akasia (Acacia mangium), tanaman multi guna/Multi Purpose Tree Species (MPTS) seperti karet (Hevea brasiliensis) dan tanaman penghasil buah, tanaman perdu dan semak. Sebagian besar pembudi daya memahami bahwa keberadaan tanaman hutan sangat bermanfaat untuk mendukung produksi madu, sehingga mayoritas pembudi daya terlibat dalam upaya pengayaan lahan dengan tanaman berkayu dan tanaman jenis MPTS yang menghasilkan buah-buahan.

scholarly journals Enhances production of coffee (Coffea robusta): The role of pollinator, forages potency, and honey production from Tetragonula sp. (Meliponinae) in Central Lombok, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Supeno ◽  
Erwan Erwan ◽  
Agussalim Agussalim
Keyword(s):  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Nectar Production ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Coffea Robusta ◽  
Nectar Content

Abstract. Supeno B, Erwan, Agussalim. 2021. Enhances production of coffee (Coffea robusta): The role of pollinator, forages potency, and honey production from Tetragonula sp. (Meliponinae) in Central Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4687-4693. The bees role as an agent of pollinators to improve the productivity of plants. This study was purposed to enhance coffee production (Coffea robusta) by roles of stingless bee Tetragonula sp. as pollinator agent, forages potency, and honey production. This study has been conducted in a coffee plantation in Lantan, Central Lombok, Indonesia. Several parameters were measured such as the number of bunches and flowers, production of nectar and pollen, sucrose nectar content, production of coffee, production of honey, honey stomach volume, and pollen weight. The results showed that the different observation time influenced the number of bunches, flowers, production of nectar and pollen, sucrose nectar content (P<0.01). The number of bunches ranged from 58.2 to 144.9 bunches/tree, the number of flowers 36.3 to 58.7 flowers/bunches, and 2,362.5 to 8.250.6 flowers/tree. Furthermore, the nectar production 9.16 to 33.85 g/tree, pollen production 1.72 to 5.95 g/tree, sucrose nectar content 20.6 to 35.0%. Estimation of coffee production before pollinated by Tetragonula sp. was 1,230.8 kg/ha, but after pollination by Tetragonula was increased it became 3,605.7 kg/ha (49.1%). Fruit production before pollinated by Tetragonula sp. was 2,127.2 fruit/tree, but after pollination by Tetragonula sp. increased to 8,309.2 fruit/tree (59.2%). Production of honey from Tetragonula sp. was 3.74 g/hive/5 months and in Apis cerana was 301.35 g/hive/5 months. It can be concluded that the Tetragonula sp. as an agent of pollinators can enhance the production of coffee and increase the biodiversity of coffee.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC VEGETABLE FARMING AT CV. RAHAYU IN VILLAGE OF SIDERA SUB-DISTRICT OF SIGI BIROMARU REGENCY OF SIGI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Ferdison S. Mantende ◽  
Marhawati Mapatoba ◽  
Abdul Muis
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Vegetable Farming ◽  
Benefit Cost

This research aimed to analyze the financial feasibility of organic vegetable farming at CV. Rahayu. This research conducted in Sidera, Subdistrict of Sigi Biromaru, Regency of Sigi on December 2016 to January 2017. The respondents were purposively determined. Data was analyzed using financial worthiness analysis employing with 4 indicators: Net present value (NPV), net benefit cost ratio (Net B/C), internal rate of return (IRR), and Payback Period (PP). The results of this research indicated that the NPV during the period 2014 to 2018 was IDR 543.674.792; the net B/Cwas 1,65, the IRR was 35,09 %, and the PP was 2 years and 3 months. The results of the calculationusing sensitivity analysis in the organic vegetable farming company at CV. Rahayu by assuming the organic vegetables attacked by the pests and diseases were a decreased 33 percent from total production with the acquisition of NPV decreased to IDR 8.587.415, Net B/C decreased to 1.01, IRR decreased to 12.42 percent, Payback period became 3.6 years. In the other hand, NPV decreased to IDR 7,276,181, Net B/C decreased to 1.01, IRR decreased to 12.36 percent, payback period became 3.6 years if the assume was an increased production cost until 74 percent. These values financially show the farming at CV. Rahayu is well worth to effort. These results indicate that financially, CV. Rahayu is very feasible to operate.

scholarly journals Effect of probiotic supplement feed on the foraging activity of Indian honeybee (Apis cerana indica F.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4(SI)) ◽  
pp. 1093-1097
Author(s):  
I. Padma-Shree ◽  
◽  
S.S.J. Roseleen ◽  
C.G.L. Justin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Present Observation ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Sugar Syrup ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Foraging Rate ◽  
Apis Cerana Indica

Aim: To investigate the effect of probiotic supplement feed on the foraging behaviour Indian honeybee colonies to resolve the excessive usage of antibiotics. Methodology: The effect of sugar syrup feed (Untreated hives) and sugar syrup + probiotic supplement feed @ 10 ml 100 ml-1 syrup (Treated hives) on Indian honeybees was tested. The foraging activity and foraging rate were recorded and subjected to paired t- test analysis. Results: The present observation showed a significant difference in the foraging rate between the colonies fed with sugar syrup + probiotic supplement (2.33 ± 0.11 min-1) than the colonies that received sugar syrup alone (1.35 ± 0.06 min-1). The highest foraging rate (2.80 ± 0.39 min-1) was recorded in treated hives. Interpretation: The experiment revealed that the brood development was directly proportional to brood pheromone levels, which positively affects the foragers, consequently foraging rate and honey production. Thus, the probiotic supplement feeding may influence the foraging behaviour of honeybee colonies.

scholarly journals Varroa destructor: A Complex Parasite, Crippling Honeybees Worldwide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Traynor ◽  
Fanny Mondet ◽  
Jaochim de Miranda ◽  
Maeva Techer ◽  
Vienna Kowallik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Apis Cerana ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Parasitic Mite ◽  
Honeybee Health ◽  
Native Host ◽  
Asian Honeybee ◽  
European Honeybee

The parasitic mite, Varroa destructor, has shaken the beekeeping and pollination industries since its spread from its native host, the Asian honeybee (Apis cerana), to the na&iuml;ve European honeybee (A. mellifera) used commercially for pollination and honey production around the globe. Varroa is the greatest threat to honeybee health. Worrying observations include increasing acaricide resistance in the varroa population and sinking economic treatment thresholds, suggesting that the mites or their vectored viruses are becoming more virulent. Highly infested weak colonies, popularly dubbed &ldquo;mite bombs&rdquo;, facilitate mite dispersal and disease transmission to stronger and healthier colonies. Here, we review recent developments in the biology, pathology and management of varroa, and unearth old knowledge that was lost in the archives.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Alkali Aktif terhadap Karakteristik Pulp Kraft Putih Acacia mangium dan Eucalyptus pellita

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Teddy Kardiansyah ◽  
Susi Sugesty
Keyword(s):  
Kraft Pulp ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Pulp Industry ◽  
Elemental Chlorine ◽  
Eucalyptus Pellita ◽  
Free Process ◽  
Industrial Plantation

Industri pulp Indonesia saat ini memiliki masalah dalam penyediaan bahan baku kayu Acacia mangium, karena serangan penyakit tanaman dan hama. Hal ini harus diantisipasi melalui bahan baku alternatif pengganti Acacia mangium, spesies Eucalyptus pellita dipilih karena lebih tahan terhadap hama dan penyakit. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik kualitas pulp kraft putih E. Pellita. Penelitian pembuatan pulp kertas dilakukan dengan proses kraft dengan bahan baku A. mangium dan E. pellita. Pemasakan dilakukan dengan variasi alkali aktif 16-20%, sulfiditas 28,7%, pada suhu 165 °C, rasio larutan pemasak terhadap kayu 3,5:1 dan faktor H 1.022. Pemutihan pulp dilakukan dengan proses ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) dengan tahapan OD0EoD1. Karakteristik pulp kraft hasil pemasakan A. mangium lebih tinggi pada parameter rendemen tersaring, bilangan kappa dan viskositas dibandingkan dengan E. pellita. Penggunaan alkali aktif 16% pada pemasakan A. mangium lebih rendah dari  E. pellita (18%), namun kualitasnya dapat memenuhi spesifikasi kualitas pulp kraft putih sesuai SNI 6107:2015 (Pulp Kraft Putih Kayu daun) pada parameter derajat giling, derajat putih dan sifat fisik.  Karakteristik pulp kraft putih A. mangium lebih tinggi pada parameter derajat giling, derajat putih dan sifat fisik dibandingkan dengan E. pellita. Namun demikian E. pellita berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Hutan Tanaman Industri sebagai bahan baku pulp.Effect of Active Alkali on Characteristic of Acacia mangium and Eucalyptus pellita Bleached Kraft PulpAbstractThe Indonesian pulp industry currently has problems in supplying Acacia mangium wood raw materials, due to plant disease and pest attacks. This could be anticipated through alternative raw materials to substitute Acacia mangium, the Eucalyptus pellita species chosen because it is more resistant to pests and diseases. This study was conducted to determine the quality characteristics of E. Pellita bleached kraft pulp. The research on making paper pulp using A. mangium and E. pellita was carried out by means of the kraft process. The cooking was carried out with a variation of 16-20% active alkali, 28.7% sulfidity, at a temperature of 165°C, a liquor to wood ratio of  3.5:1 and an H factor of 1.022. The bleaching of the pulp has been carried out using the ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) process with the OD0EoD1 stage. Characteristics of kraft pulp from A. mangium cooking were higher in the screening yield, kappa number and viscosity compared to E. Pellita. The use of 16% active alkaline in cooking of  A. mangium is lower than E. pellita (18%), but the quality can meet the quality specifications of white kraft pulp according to SNI 6107: 2015 (White Kraft Leaf Wood Pulp) on the parameters of milled degree, whiteness and properties. The characteristics of A. mangium white kraft pulp were higher in parameters of grind degree, whiteness and physical properties compared to E. pellita. However, E. pellita has the potential to be developed in Industrial Plantation Forests as raw material for pulp. 

scholarly journals Ontology-Based Semantic Retrieval for Durian Pests and Diseases Control System

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Porawat Visutsak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Retrieval System ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Semantic Retrieval ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Total Crop ◽  
Overall Performance

In Southeast Asia, durian is affectionately called the king of fruit. Durian is the most popular crop planted in eastern and southern of Thailand. The total crop is around 600,000 tons per year; among this, 500,000 tons of the total production were exported worldwide. In Thailand, the knowledge of durian production is based on experience from generation to generation, especially the knowledge of durian pests and diseases control. This paper presents the ontology knowledge based for durian pests and diseases retrieval system. The major contributions of the system consist of 1) the stored knowledge of durian pests and diseases and 2) the diagnosis of durian diseases and the suggestions for the treatments. The ontology knowledge consists of 8 main classes: 1) diseases, 2) pests, 3) cultivars, 4) symptoms of bunch, 5) leaf area symptoms, 6) symptoms of the branches and trunk, 7) symptoms of fruit, and 8) symptoms of root and growth. The experimental results yielded 100% of precision, 88.33% of recall, and 93.8% of overall performance.

Land required for legumes restricts the contribution of organic agriculture to global food security

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J Connor
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
World Population ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Biological N Fixation

Commercial extraction of nitrogen (N) from the atmosphere began soon after World War II and has provided N fertilizer that has transformed agriculture to meet, through greater crop areas and yields although with some regional shortfalls, the increasing food demand of a world population that has increased from 2 billion then to 7.6 billion in 2018. N fertilizer now provides more N input to agriculture (113 Mt N/year) than biological N fixation by legumes (33–46 Mt N/year) on which earlier agriculture relied entirely. Persistent claims over the last decade for return to organic methods, which include rejection of fertilizer N, are based on studies that erroneously claim adequate productivity to feed the world. Previous analyses, by contrast, have estimated that organic agriculture (OA) could at best support a world population of three to four billion. The problem is two-fold. First, organic crops grown in sequences with legumes or treated with N manures mostly yield less than crops grown with N fertilizer. Second, substantial areas of legumes are required to provide adequate N for required yields of non-legume crops. Recent analyses have overestimated the yield of organic crops by omitting the effect of weeds, pests and diseases, and by ignoring the land required for legumes. The result is a large overestimation of the relative productivity of OA. The effect of area is critical because, since there is little opportunity to increase cropping area beyond the current 1400 Mha, land for legumes means less land for, and consequently lower total production from, non-legume food crops. To replace 100 Mt N fertilizer/year with legumes at a net fixation of 100 kg N/ha/year would leave just 30% of cropland available for non-legumes producing a similar proportion of current yield. Even with major gains in yield, organic systems cannot feed our populous world and less so as the population increases to an expected 9.8 billion by 2050.

scholarly journals Community Perception on Beekeeping Practices, Management, and Constraints in Termaber and Basona Werena Districts, Central Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadi Berhe ◽  
Abebe Asale ◽  
Delenasaw Yewhalaw
Keyword(s):  
Community Perception ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Job Opportunity ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Bee Colonies

Adequate forage availability coupled with favorable and diversified agroclimatic conditions of Ethiopia creates environmental conditions conducive to the growth of over 7000 species of flowering plants which have supported the existence of large number of bee colonies in the country. Despite its potential of honey production, the contribution of apiculture to state GDP is far below its expectation and not well estimated yet. The objective of this study was to assess community perception in beekeeping management and constraints in central Ethiopia. 384 household heads were randomly selected from eight sentinel kebeles. Semistructured questionnaire, in-depth interview, and focus group discussions were employed to gather data. Chi-square (χ2) test was used to determine association. Three beekeeping management systems, namely, traditional, transitional, and modern beekeeping, were documented. Beekeeping was reported to create job opportunity for landless men and women for their livelihood and needs low capital to start. Significant difference (p<0.05) in beekeeping management activities between two districts was reported. Even though honey production is increasing, the trends of transferring traditional beekeeping to modern beekeeping practice showed a decline. Training and building capacity for hive management, colony feeding, and honey harvesting should be put in place in order to improve honey production.

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