scholarly journals Сравнительная характеристика воздействия нефтепродуктов на биолюминесценцию черноморских гребневиков-вселенцев Mnemiopsis leidyi A.Agassiz, 1865 и Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
О. В. Машукова ◽  
М. И. Силаков
Keyword(s):  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Beroe Ovata

Выяснение различных аспектов функциональных взаимоотношений гидробионтов с окружающей средой, обеспечивающих их рост, репродукцию, биоразнообразие популяций и распространение в самых разнообразных по экологическим условиям, в частности, антропогенному прессингу районах Мирового океана, является важнейшим направлением современной гидроэкологии. Одним из путей сохранения биоразнообразия служит повышение стойкости вида, что возможно только при исследовании различных аспектов его адаптации к антропогенному воздействию. Наибольший вред чистоте водоемов приносят нефть и нефтепродукты, попадающие в воду различными путями. В работе рассматривается чувствительность черноморских гребневиков к воздействию сырой нефти на примере изменения параметров биолюминесценции этих видов. Отбор проб осуществляли с поверхности воды в севастопольских бухтах Черного моря. Биолюминесцентные сигналы гребневиков регистрировали при помощи приборнолабораторного комплекса “Свет”. Результаты исследований показали изменчивость амплитудновременных характеристик биолюминесценции гребневиков Mnemiopsis leidyi A.Agassiz, 1865 и Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912 в зависимости от концентрации нефтепродуктов. Интенсивность и энергия свечения гребневиков снижается с увеличением концентрации действующего нефтепродукта. Стимулирующий эффект наблюдается при концентрации 0,1 ПДК сырой нефти, что выражается в повышении интенсивности свечения гребневиков. Ингибирование биолюминесценции M. leidyi и B. ovata максимально при 10 ПДК нефтепродукта. Выявленная в результате экспериментов высокая чувствительность биолюминесценции гребневиков к воздействию нефтепродуктов позволяет использовать их в качестве биоиндикаторов этого вида токсикантов.

scholarly journals Discovery, Prevalence, and Persistence of Novel Circular Single-Stranded DNA Viruses in the Ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mya Breitbart ◽  
Bayleigh E. Benner ◽  
Parker E. Jernigan ◽  
Karyna Rosario ◽  
Laura M. Birsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Single Stranded Dna ◽  
Dna Viruses ◽  
Beroe Ovata

Effect of invasive ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata on low trophic webs of the Black Sea ecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 434-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Shiganova ◽  
A.S. Mikaelyan ◽  
S. Moncheva ◽  
K. Stefanova ◽  
V.K. Chasovnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Trophic Webs

Pelagic ctenophores from the São Sebastião Channel, southeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1183 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
OTTO M.P. OLIVEIRA ◽  
ALVARO E. MIGOTTO
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Southeastern Coast ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Planktonic Species

The ctenophore fauna of Brazilian coast is poorly known. Only one planktonic species, Mnemiopsis leidyi, was previously recorded for the southeastern coast. The present study describes and gives some biological notes of this and four other species (Beroe ovata, Bolinopsis vitrea, Leucothea multicornis, and Ocyropsis crystallina) that occur in the area, two of which (B. vitrea and L. multicornis) are new records for the subtropical southwestern Atlantic.

scholarly journals HEAVY METALS INFLUENCE ON THE CTENOPHORES MNEMIOPSIS LEIDYI AND BEROE OVATA BIOLUMINESCENCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Olga Mashukova ◽  
Yuriy Tokarev ◽  
Ekaterina Skuratovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Luminescence Inhibition ◽  
Biophysical Ecology ◽  
Exposition Time ◽  
Lead Activity

Investigations were conducted in the Department of biophysical ecology of Kovalevsky IMBR of RAS in September - October of 2013 and 2015. The body length of the gathered for experiments ctenophores was 35 – 40 mm. Characteristics of the ctenophores light emission were studied under the mechanical and chemical stimulations, with the usage of laboratory complex “Svet”. The following HM salts: Cu2S04, ZnCl2, PbCl2 and HgCl2 in different concentrations were used in our experiments. The just-caught samples, contained in the clean marine water were used as a control. The exposition time was 1, 3 and 24 hours under the temperature of 21 ± 2°C. The investigations results have shown considerable variability of the ctenophore luminosity characteristics in dependence of metal concentration and exposition duration. It was stated that minimal concentrations of cooper, zinc and mercury stimulates ctenophores bioluminescence and the high ones inhibit. The alien ctenophore luminescence inhibition was registered under the lead activity under all investigated concentrations. We can place investigated metals as following: Zn < Cu < Hg < Pb, according to the force of the toxic influence on the ctenophore bioluminescence. Thus, alien ctenophore bioluminescence parameters can serve as a sensitive express-indicator of the resistance degree to the heavy metals impact and be the expressive index of the marine environment regional pollution.

Effect of starvation on the biochemical compositions and respiration rates of ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata in the Black Sea

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. Anninsky ◽  
G.A. Finenko ◽  
G.I. Abolmasova ◽  
E.S. Hubareva ◽  
L.S. Svetlichny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Wet Weight

The proximate biochemical composition and metabolic rates of ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata from the Black Sea were examined with respect to starvation conditions. Although organic matter content in B. ovata was two times higher than that of M. leidyi (2.51 ±0.53 and 1.14 ±0.17 mg g-1 of wet weight, respectively), these species did not significantly differ in their biochemical composition. In both species protein formed about 80% of the total organic matter, lipids amounted to about 10%. Carbohydrate and amino acids measured separately made up less than 6.5% of the total organic matter. Under experimental starvation (18 days at 16—18°C for B. ovata and 8 days at 12.4°C for M. leidyi), wet weights of both ctenophore species were reduced by 9.4% and 9.3% d-1, respectively. The rate of organic matter decrease was nearly two times lower than that of wet weight being on average 5.9% d-1 in M. leidyi and 5.5% d-1 in B. ovata. There was no trend in percentage of the four major biochemical categories with starvation time. The glycogen content in polysaccharides reached maximum values in freshly collected ctenophores (76.0 ±7.9% in B. ovata, and 86.6% in M. leidyi), but it was reduced substantially (34.4 ±2.7% in B. ovata and 18.3—28.8% in M. leidyi) with starvation. Monosaccharide content, expressed as a percentage of total carbohydrate, decreased from 39.9% to 13.5% in B. ovata, and from 45.8% to 14.3—23.2% in M. leidyi. The relationship between respiration rate (R) and wet weight (W) of individuals during the starvation can be expressed by power function R = R1 Wk (r2=0.85—0.94; P>0.001) for both ctenophore species. On average, k values were 0.95 and 0.83 in B. ovata and in M. leidyi, respectively. By the end of the starvation, metabolic rate per unit wet weight decreased by 33% in B. ovata and 46% in M. leidyi. Organic matter utilization was almost totally explained by respiration of ctenophores in the experiments and exceeded metabolic requirements of studied species by 11% and 15%, correspondingly. As compared with Mnemiopsis, Beroe has better tolerance to starvation which explains to some extent the success of the species survival during prolonged periods of food shortage in the Black Sea conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of invader ctenophores on bioluminescence variability off the coast of Western Crimea

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
A. V. Melnik ◽  
V. V. Melnikov ◽  
L. A. Melnik ◽  
O. V. Mashukova
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Surface Water Temperature ◽  
Pelagic Ecosystem ◽  
The Past ◽  
Beroe Ovata

In the second half of the XX century, Black Sea ecosystem has undergone significant changes: a number of storm winds and upwellings decreased, precipitation abundance increased, coastal waters salinity decreased, temperature increased; moreover, ctenophores invaded. As a result, in the late 1980s, Black Sea pelagic ecosystem abruptly got restructured. This research is based on the studies performed in 1965–1966 and 2007–2012 near Sevastopol (Western Crimea) using the remote sensing data. Analysis of satellite data over the past 20 years showed the presence of positive dynamics in surface water temperature in Sevastopol water area. In the mid-1960s, the annual bioluminescence was characterized by seasonal peaks of dinophytes luminescence. In recent years, this rhythm has changed due to ctenophores invasion. The increase in Mnemiopsis leidyi abundance leads to a decrease in bioluminescence of luminous microalgae being consumed by these ctenophores. Due to Beroe ovata invasion and reproduction, M. leidyi biomass decreased; as a result, bioluminescence increased.

scholarly journals The Abundance and Biomass Dynamic of Populations the Black Sea Macrozooplankton

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 74-82
Author(s):  
N. Louppova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Aurelia Aurita ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Successful Reproduction ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
Biomass Dynamic

The abundance and biomass dynamic of massive macrozooplankton of the Black Sea was studied over 3 years. Data on the dates of mass reproduction of Jellyfish Aurelia aurita and Ctenophore invaders Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata were obtained. The dependence of M. leidyi reproduction on the season and temperature of the medium was established, and for the other two gelatinous, on the successful reproduction of Mnemiopsis.

scholarly journals Variability of Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz (Ctenophora: Lobata) bioluminescence in relation to regeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
O. V. Mashukova ◽  
Yu. N. Tokarev
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Species Ecology

Our previous works have been shown the light-emission of Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 and Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912 is species-specific and variability of bioluminescence parameters (amplitude, energy and also light-emission duration) depending on temperature, food supply and other factors. Revealing of M. leidyi light-emission variability during their regeneration after impactof predaceous organism B. ovata was the aim of our investigations. Definition of ctenophores bioluminescence characteristics was carry out on the laboratory complex “Light”. The ctenophore bioluminescence was investigated by method  of mechanical and chemical stimulation. The ctenophores, which were seriously injured but preserved their statocyst intact, went on actively moving but the characteristics of their light-emission lessened to minimal – 17.08·108 quantum·s−1·cm−2 and 1.37 s under chemical stimulation, and 14.85·108 quantum·s−1·cm−2 and 1.25 s under the mechanical impact, respectively. Having completed regeneration and restored the body weight to the initial, the ctenophores maximally increased light emission – to (332.33 ± 16.61·108) quantum·s−1·cm−2 under the chemical stimulation and to (219.45 ± 10.97·108) quantum·s−1·cm−2 under the mechanical excitation. Assumptions of the factors having an impact on M. leidyi regeneration intensity and their luminescence variability of throughout this process are made. Consequently, the possibility of bioluminescence applying for species ecology specification is shown.

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