HEAVY METALS INFLUENCE ON THE CTENOPHORES MNEMIOPSIS LEIDYI AND BEROE OVATA BIOLUMINESCENCE

Investigations were conducted in the Department of biophysical ecology of Kovalevsky IMBR of RAS in September - October of 2013 and 2015. The body length of the gathered for experiments ctenophores was 35 – 40 mm. Characteristics of the ctenophores light emission were studied under the mechanical and chemical stimulations, with the usage of laboratory complex “Svet”. The following HM salts: Cu2S04, ZnCl2, PbCl2 and HgCl2 in different concentrations were used in our experiments. The just-caught samples, contained in the clean marine water were used as a control. The exposition time was 1, 3 and 24 hours under the temperature of 21 ± 2°C. The investigations results have shown considerable variability of the ctenophore luminosity characteristics in dependence of metal concentration and exposition duration. It was stated that minimal concentrations of cooper, zinc and mercury stimulates ctenophores bioluminescence and the high ones inhibit. The alien ctenophore luminescence inhibition was registered under the lead activity under all investigated concentrations. We can place investigated metals as following: Zn < Cu < Hg < Pb, according to the force of the toxic influence on the ctenophore bioluminescence. Thus, alien ctenophore bioluminescence parameters can serve as a sensitive express-indicator of the resistance degree to the heavy metals impact and be the expressive index of the marine environment regional pollution.

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Variability of Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz (Ctenophora: Lobata) bioluminescence in relation to regeneration

Marine Biological Journal ◽

10.21072/mbj.2016.01.1.04 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 36-42

Author(s):

O. V. Mashukova ◽

Yu. N. Tokarev

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Food Supply ◽

Light Emission ◽

Chemical Stimulation ◽

The Body ◽

Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽

Beroe Ovata ◽

Definition Of ◽

Species Specific ◽

Species Ecology

Our previous works have been shown the light-emission of Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 and Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912 is species-specific and variability of bioluminescence parameters (amplitude, energy and also light-emission duration) depending on temperature, food supply and other factors. Revealing of M. leidyi light-emission variability during their regeneration after impactof predaceous organism B. ovata was the aim of our investigations. Definition of ctenophores bioluminescence characteristics was carry out on the laboratory complex “Light”. The ctenophore bioluminescence was investigated by method of mechanical and chemical stimulation. The ctenophores, which were seriously injured but preserved their statocyst intact, went on actively moving but the characteristics of their light-emission lessened to minimal – 17.08·108 quantum·s−1·cm−2 and 1.37 s under chemical stimulation, and 14.85·108 quantum·s−1·cm−2 and 1.25 s under the mechanical impact, respectively. Having completed regeneration and restored the body weight to the initial, the ctenophores maximally increased light emission – to (332.33 ± 16.61·108) quantum·s−1·cm−2 under the chemical stimulation and to (219.45 ± 10.97·108) quantum·s−1·cm−2 under the mechanical excitation. Assumptions of the factors having an impact on M. leidyi regeneration intensity and their luminescence variability of throughout this process are made. Consequently, the possibility of bioluminescence applying for species ecology specification is shown.

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Variability of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi A.Agassiz (Ctenophora: Lobata) bioluminescence while regeneration

Ecologica Montenegrina ◽

10.37828/em.2020.37.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 19-26

Author(s):

Olga Mashukova ◽

Olga Danilova ◽

Lidia Melnik

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Light Emission ◽

Chemical Stimulation ◽

The Body ◽

Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽

Initial Value ◽

Regeneration Rate ◽

Mechanical Impact ◽

Ecological Features ◽

Factors Influencing

The purpose of the current studies is identification of the bioluminescence variability of the ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi in the process of regeneration. It has been stated that the ctenophores M. leidyi being seriously injured with preserved statocyst still actively move but the amplitude and duration of their bioluminescence lessen to their minimums that is 17.08 quantum·s-1·cm-2 and 1.37 s respectively under chemical stimulation and 14.85·108 quantum·s-1·cm-2 and 1.25 s respectively under the mechanical impact. Having completed regeneration and restored the body weight up to the initial value, the ctenophores increased their light emission up to the maximum levels corresponding to 332.33 ± 16.61∙108 quantum·s-1·cm-2 under the chemical stimulation and to 219.45 ± 10.97∙108 quantum·s-1·cm-2 under the mechanical impact respectively. Several assumptions identifying the factors influencing the regeneration rate of the ctenophores M. leidyi and their bioluminescence variability range during their regeneration have been made. The possibility of applying bioluminescence for detecting ecological features associated with particular species is demonstrated.

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Polymorphism of p-450 cytochrome detoxication genes in adolescents depending on the degree of contamination of the organism by heavy metals

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.33029/0016-9900-2020-99-5-478-482 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (5) ◽

pp. 478-482

Author(s):

N. P. Setko ◽

A. G. Setko ◽

Ekaterina V. Bulycheva ◽

A. V. Tyurin ◽

E. Yu. Kalinina

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

The Body ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Cyp2b6 Gene ◽

Cytochrome P 450 ◽

Gene Cyp1a1 ◽

Group 1

Introduction. Changes in the body of children and adolescents aimed at adapting to environmental factors are determined by genetic polymorphism in xenobiotic biotransformation genes, determining the degree of susceptibility of the child’s body to pollutants, which is the basis of modern personalized preventive medicine when managing risks to the health of the child population under the influence of environmental factors. Material and methods. Trace elements, including heavy metals, lead and cadmium, were determined in the hair of 256 practically healthy teenagers by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Depending on the level of content of the latter, two groups of adolescents were formed to determine six genes of the cytochrome P-450 family. Group 1 consisted of adolescents whose cadmium lead content exceeded the average Russian indices. The second group included adolescents whose heavy metals were above the level of average Russian standards. Results. Studies have shown that in adolescents of the 1st group, compared with the data of adolescents of the 2nd group, an increase in the number of carriers of two mutant alleles at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) is 3.08 times, rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1) is 1. 8 times; locus rs 2069522 (CYP1A2 gene) 3.63 times; locus rs 1799853 (CYP2C9 * 2 gene) 4.5 times; locus rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) 3.8 times and locus rs 2279343 (gene CYP2B6) 4.25 times. Moreover, carriers of two normal alleles in adolescents of the first group at the locus rs 1048943 (gene CYP1A1) were 5.14 times; locus rs 2279343 (CYP2B6 gene) was 6.5 fold less than among adolescents of the 2nd group; and at the locus rs 464621 (gene CYP1A1), rs 2069522 (gene CYP1A2), rs 1799853 (gene CYP2C9 * 2), rs 1057910 (gene CYP2C9 * 3) there were no carriers of normal homozygotes. Conclusion. Group 1 adolescents with heavy metal contamination of the body are carriers significantly in a greater number of pathological mutations in the genes of the cytochrome P-450 detoxification system in comparison with data from group 2 adolescents.

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Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Milk of Cow Grazing At Selected Areas, of Kaduna Metropolis

International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering ◽

10.23956/ijarcsse/v7i6/01617 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 341 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahmud Mohammed Imam ◽

Zahra Muhammad ◽

Amina Zakari

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Cadmium Toxicity ◽

Research Work ◽

The Body ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Scientific Model ◽

Potential Health ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Lead And Cadmium ◽

Digestion Technique

In this research work the concentration of zinc, copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, and nickel in cow milk samples obtained from four different grazing areas (kakuri, kudendan, malali, kawo) of Kaduna metropolis. The samples were digested by wet digestion technique .The trace element were determined using bulk scientific model VPG 210 model Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).. The concentration of the determined heavy metal were The result revealed that Cr, Ni and Cd were not detected in milk samples from Kawo, Malali and Kudendan whereas lead (Pb) is detected in all samples and found to be above the stipulated limits of recommended dietary allowance (NRC,1989) given as 0.02mg/day. Cu and Zn are essential elements needed by the body for proper metabolism and as such their deficiency or excess is very dangerous for human health. However, they were found in all samples and are within the recommended limits while Cd (2.13 – 3.15 mg/kg) in milk samples from Kakuri was found to be above such limit (0.5mg/day). Cow milk samples analyzed for heavy metals in this research work pose a threat of lead and cadmium toxicity due to their exposure to direct sources of air, water and plants in these grazing areas, thereby, resulting to a potential health risk to the consumers.

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Rapeseed components cleanse the milk and the body of cows from heavy metals

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/640/3/032026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 640 (3) ◽

pp. 032026

Author(s):

G N Vyayzenen ◽

R R Dautov ◽

A G Vyayzenen ◽

N S Prodanov ◽

S V Razaev

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

The Body

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Comparison of Joint Effect of Acute and Chronic Toxicity for Combined Assessment of Heavy Metals on Photobacterium sp.NAA-MIE

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18126644 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 6644

Author(s):

Nur Adila Adnan ◽

Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi ◽

Siti Salwa Abd Gani ◽

Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan ◽

Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Mixture Toxicity ◽

Joint Effect ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Acute Test ◽

Acute And Chronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Luminescence Inhibition ◽

Toxicity Unit

Predicting the crucial effect of single metal pollutants against the aquatic ecosystem has been highly debatable for decades. However, dealing with complex metal mixtures management in toxicological studies creates a challenge, as heavy metals may evoke greater toxicity on interactions with other constituents rather than individually low acting concentrations. Moreover, the toxicity mechanisms are different between short term and long term exposure of the metal toxicant. In this study, acute and chronic toxicity based on luminescence inhibition assay using newly isolated Photobacterium sp.NAA-MIE as the indicator are presented. Photobacterium sp.NAA-MIE was exposed to the mixture at a predetermined ratio of 1:1. TU (Toxicity Unit) and MTI (Mixture Toxic Index) approach presented the mixture toxicity of Hg2+ + Ag+, Hg2+ + Cu2+, Ag+ + Cu2+, Hg2+ + Ag+ + Cu2+, and Cd2+ + Cu2+ showed antagonistic effect over acute and chronic test. Binary mixture of Cu2+ + Zn2+ was observed to show additive effect at acute test and antagonistic effect at chronic test while mixture of Ni2+ + Zn2+ showing antagonistic effect during acute test and synergistic effect during chronic test. Thus, the strain is suitable and their use as bioassay to predict the risk assessment of heavy metal under acute toxicity without abandoning the advantage of chronic toxicity extrapolation.

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745 Risk Factors of Incident Renal Stones in Indian Population: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab134.573 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

S Singh ◽

S Gupta ◽

T S Mishra ◽

B D Banerjee ◽

T Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heavy Metals ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Renal Stones ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Case Control ◽

The Body ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

Abstract Introduction Nephrolithiasis is pathological calcification in the excretory passages of the body and is prevalent among 7.6% of Indians. We aimed to study the various risk factors associated with renal stones from India. Method It was a hospital-based case-control study conducted over 18 months in a tertiary hospital in Delhi. Cases were defined as patients with renal stones diagnosed on the basis of history and radiological examination. Controls were similar to cases in all respects except for the diagnosis and selected from the hospital. A total of 18 risk factors, including age, gender, heavy metals, stress, metabolic factors, alcohol intake, dietary habits, co-morbidities, etc. were assessed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the strength of the risk associations. Results In the analysis of 60 cases and controls, we found 6 times, 5.5 times, and 2.4 times increased odds of renal stones in patients with increased arsenic, cadmium, and lead concentrations in blood, respectively. Similarly, there are 3 times increased odds of renal stones in patients suffering from stress. Conclusions Exposure to smoke, occupation dust, and contaminated water may lead to an increased ingestion/inhalation of heavy metals like cadmium, arsenic, and predisposing people to an increased risk of renal stones.

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The Evolving Approach to Treating Syndesmotic Injuries in the Elite Athlete: An International Perspective

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011419s00034 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 2473011419S0003

Author(s):

Kenneth Hunt ◽

Shanthan Challa ◽

Pieter D’Hooghe ◽

Pam Kumparatana ◽

Phinit Phisitkul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Return To Sport ◽

High Impact ◽

Optimal Treatment ◽

The Body ◽

Return To Play ◽

Considerable Variability ◽

Fixation Device ◽

Flexible Devices ◽

Fixation Devices ◽

Rehabilitation Protocols

Category: Ankle, Sports Introduction/Purpose: There exists little consensus regarding optimal treatment protocols for syndesmotic injuries. Orthopaedic clinicians have implemented a variety of treatment strategies, ranging from immobilization to screw fixation to new flexible fixation devices. While the body of literature is growing with regard to both the biomechanics and clinical outcomes for various constructs and rehabilitation protocols, there is little consensus on the optimal treatment and return to sport strategy for these injuries. We endeavored to assess current approaches to syndesmotic injures by orthopedic foot and ankle specialists around the world in 6 athlete scenarios with increasing degree of injury. Commensurate with the lack of available data to guide treatments, we hypothesize that there will be variability in the treatment and management strategies for syndesmotic injuries. Methods: A REDcap survey was created with 27 questions, including respondent demographics, indications for treatment of syndesmotic injuries, preferred treatment, preferred technique for repairing the syndesmosis and post-operative management. Respondents were asked to choose their preferred fixation device and post-operative return to play protocols in six different athlete scenarios (moderate impact, high impact and very high impact and each with/without complete deltoid injury). The survey was disseminated among the memberships of 18 North American and International medical societies. Society members were surveyed via three emails disseminated 2 weeks apart. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for all categorical responses. Results: A total of 596 providers responded to the survey, including 337 American surgeons and 259 members of various international societies. There was a 70% survey completion rate with a wide geographic distribution among respondents. Flexible devices were the preferred fixation construct (48.1%), followed by screws (27.5%), hybrid fixation (18.5%) and other (5.9%). There was a higher preference for flexible devices among sports medicine trained providers. 62% of respondents noted that their rehabilitation protocols would not change for each athlete scenario. Considerable variability was present in anticipated full return to sport, ranging from immediately following injury to 6 months post-op (Fig 1). One-third of respondents indicated that they repair the deltoid greater than 50% of the time when injured. Conclusion: We found a wide variety of indications and treatment constructs employed by orthopaedic surgeons for athletes with ligamentous syndesmotic injuries requiring fixation. Although, flexible fixation devices are the preferred among all respondents but there was a considerable variability in device choices. Fellowship training also appears to affect the preferred fixation device choice. There also exists substantial variability in expected return to play for every athlete scenario (Fig 1). The diversity in approaches and post-operative recommendations underscores the need for evidence-based guidelines to inform management of syndesmotic injuries.

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ANALISA LOGAM BESI (Fe) DI SUNGAI PASAR DAERAH BELANGWETAN KLATEN DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM

Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung ◽

10.51352/jim.v2i1.44 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Rahmi Nurhaini ◽

Arief Affandi

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Research Result ◽

The Body ◽

Clean Water ◽

Observational Method ◽

The Mean ◽

The Republic

Iron (Fe) is one of many heavy metals that is corrosive resistant, dense, and has a low melting point. If accumulated in the body, the metal can cause some medical conditions, such as irritation to skin and eyes, breathing problems, and in the long term, cancer. This research aims to know generally the spread of metallic iron (Fe) in the river Pasar in Belangwetan, Klaten. This study was conducted using an observational method in which researchers did not examine the effects of interventions. Sampling was done using purposive sampling method taken from three points, namely the upper, middle, lower. Determination of iron levels by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) obtained a positive result, and the data was processed using SPSS to determine the Mean and Standard Deviation. Of the research result, it could be known the Mean score was 2.33 ppm and SD was 0.0352. The result of this research indicated that the levels of iron in the river Pasar in Belangwetan were 2.33 ppm. It means that the levels violate the regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, which is not more than 1mg/L (1ppm) in the clean water

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