scholarly journals Fish cestodes of the Karadag nature reserve and adjacent water areas of the Black Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
T. A. Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
First Time

The first data on marine fish parasites in Karadag nature reserve water area were published at the beginning of the 20th century. By the beginning of the 21st century, information on the fauna of cestodes in this area of the Black Sea included data on 19 species recorded in 24 fish species. However, taxonomy of this class of helminths has changed significantly over the last decade, and regional fauna needs to be revised. The aim of this work is to revise the species composition of fish cestodes in the water area of the Karadag nature reserve and adjacent areas on the basis of new data obtained and in accordance with current systematics of Cestoda. The material for this study was the collections of cestodes gathered by the staff of IBSS RAS Environmental Parasitology Department in the area of the Karadag nature reserve in different years, as well as our own collections of 1754 specimens of rays and teleosts of 53 species (2005–2018). The area studied is Black Sea coastal area from Meganom Cape to Ordzhonikidze village (southeastern part of Crimea), including various marine biotopes of the Karadag nature reserve. Voucher preparations of all types of cestodes used in this study were deposited in a subcollection of marine parasites of the World Ocean hydrobionts collection of IBSS RAS. Totally 20 cestode species were found in 17 fish species. Nine species, namely Progrillotia dasyatidis, Parachristianella trygonis, Dollfusiella aculeata, Rhinebothrium walga, Caulobothrium sp., Rhabdotobothrium sp., Acanthobothrium sp. 5, 7, and Anthocephaliidae gen. sp. 2., were reported for the common stingray Dasyatis pastinaca in the area under study for the first time. Cestodes belonging to the new species Acanthobothrium sp. 1, 2, 4 were found in the thornback ray Raja clavata. Of 19 species previously known in Karadag area, only 8 adult mature cestodes were recorded: “Bothriocephalus scorpii”, “B. gregarius”, Echinobothrium typus, Grillotia erinaceus, Prochristianella papillifer, Echeneibothrium variabile, Cairaeanthus ruhnkei, and C. healyae. In addition, larvae of the complex species “Scolex pleuronectis” were found in teleost fish. Larvae of cestode Progrillotia dasyatidis were found for the first time in the water area studied in 8 teleost fish species; this data contribute to the information on the participants in the life cycle of this helminth. Four cestode species, namely Hepatoxylon trichiuri larvae, Nybelinia lingualis larvae, Tetrarhynchobothrium tenuicolle, and Anthobothrium cornucopia, which were previously reported from this area, were not found in the present survey. Moreover, recent analysis of the occurrence and synonymy of species of orders Trypanorhyncha and Onchoproteocephalidea revealed that the previous identification of the cestodes in elasmobranchs as Grillotia (Christianella) minuta and Acanthobothrium coronatum, as well as identification of the cestodes in teleosts as Tentacularia sp. larvae, is incorrect due to the absence of their specific definitive hosts in the Black Sea. On the other hand, among representatives of Acanthobothrium spp. registered in D. pastinaca and R. clavata in Karadag water area, we found 7 morphologically different new taxa identified to the species level. The cestodes found belong to 6 orders: Bothriocephalidea, Diphyllidea, Trypanorhyncha, “Tetraphyllidea” relics, Rhinebothriidea, and Onchoproteocephalidea. The most species diversity of cestodes in both species of rays is registered among representatives of the orders Trypanorhyncha and Onchoproteocephalidea (5 species each), the least – in the orders Diphyllidea and “Tetraphyllidea” relics (1 species each). Thus, 12 species were added to the fauna of the cestodes parasitizing fish in Karadag area, and 8 of them are obviously representatives of new taxa.

scholarly journals The fishes of the Bolaman Stream, Northern Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Serkan Saygun
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
First Time ◽  
Squalius Cephalus

In this study, the fish species inhabiting the Bolaman Stream drains to the Black Sea from the Fatsa coast (Ordu Province, Turkey) was reported for the first time. The study was caught out non-periodically by sampling from seven stations in the Bolaman Stream between July 2017 and November 2018. Fish samples were captured with an electroshock device. With this study, it was determined that the fish fauna of the Bolaman Stream is represented by 10 species in five families (Acheilognothidae, Cyprinidae, Gobiidae, Leuciscidae, and Salmonidae). These species were as follows, respectively Rhodeus amarus, Barbus tauricus, Capoeta banarescui, Neogobius fluviatilis, Ponticola turani, Alburnus derjugini, Squalius cephalus, Vimba vimba, Alburnoides fasciatus, and Salmo coruhensis.

scholarly journals Penetration of Monrovia Surgeonfish Acanthurus monroviae (Perciformes: Acanthuridae) to the Black Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 623-627
Author(s):  
Alexander Boltachev ◽  
Evgeniia Karpova
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
First Time

The Monrovia Surgeonfish Acanthurus monroviae Steindachner, 1876 is reported for the first time in the Black Sea off the southwestern coast of Crimea (44°29.5ʹN; 33°35.5ʹЕ). The single specimen was caught by the commercial trap net on September 19, 2018; its standard length was 195 mm. The most realistic version of its occurrence is the self-penetration of this specimen into the Black Sea from the Mediterranean Sea. Over the past 20 years, twelve fish species that had not previously been met in the Black Sea were registered near the southwestern coast of Crimea.

LUMINESCENCE OF THE BLACK SEA MICROSCOPIC FUNGI CULTURES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Mashukova ◽  
Olga Mashukova ◽  
Yuriy Tokarev ◽  
Yuriy Tokarev ◽  
Nadejda Kopytina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Control Culture ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The Given ◽  
First Time

We studied for the first time luminescence characteristics of the some micromycetes, isolated from the bottom sediments of the Black sea from the 27 m depth. Luminescence parameters were registered at laboratory complex “Svet” using mechanical and chemical stimulations. Fungi cultures of genera Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium were isolated on ChDA medium which served as control. Culture of Penicillium commune gave no light emission with any kind of stimulation. Culture of Acremonium sp. has shown luminescence in the blue – green field of spectrum. Using chemical stimulation by fresh water we registered signals with luminescence energy (to 3.24 ± 0.11)•108 quantum•cm2 and duration up to 4.42 s, which 3 times exceeded analogous magnitudes in a group, stimulated by sea water (p < 0.05). Under chemical stimulation by ethyl alcohol fungi culture luminescence was not observed. Culture of Aspergillus fumigatus possessed the most expressed properties of luminescence. Stimulation by fresh water culture emission with energy of (3.35 ± 0.11)•108 quantum•cm2 and duration up to 4.96 s. Action of ethyl alcohol to culture also stimulated signals, but intensity of light emission was 3–4 times lower than under mechanical stimulation. For sure the given studies will permit not only to evaluate contribution of marine fungi into general bioluminescence of the sea, but as well to determine places of accumulation of opportunistic species in the sea.

ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS ON CHANGING THE PARAMETERS OF THE BIOLUMINESCENCE FIELD ON THE CRIMEAN BLACK SEA SHELF

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Rubtsova ◽  
Svetlana Rubtsova ◽  
Natalya Lyamina ◽  
Natalya Lyamina ◽  
Aleksey Lyamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Intensity Increase ◽  
First Time

The concept of a new approach to environmental assessment is offered in the system of integrated management of the resource and environmental safety of the coastal area of the Black Sea. The studies of the season and daily changeability in the bioluminescence field in the Sevastopol coastal waters has been conducted. For the first time considerable differences in the bioluminescence field seasonal changes in the surface and deep water layers and the reasons conditioning this phenomenon have been shown, using a method of multidimensional statistical analysis. The bioluminescence field vertical profile change in the Black sea coastal waters in the autumn period at night has been studied. It has been shown that according to the character of bioluminescence parameters dynamics a water column can be divided into layers: upper (0 – 35 m) and deep water (36 – 60 m). It has been revealed that life rhythms of the plankton community are the main reason for the bioluminescence field intensity variability. It has been revealed that 14-hour periodicity of the bioluminescence field is related to the changes in light and its variations with 2,5…4,5 hours are conditioned by planktonts endogenous daily rhythms. And here biotic factors effect mostly periodicity of the bioluminescence field intensity increase and fall down at the dark time of the day. Abiotic factors are of less importance in circadian rhythmic of the bioluminescence field in the neritic zone.

scholarly journals Associations of Phoretic Mites on Bark Beetles of the Genus Ips in the Black Sea Mountains of Turkey

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Cihan Cilbircioğlu ◽  
Marta Kovač ◽  
Milan Pernek
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
First Time

Phoretic mites use bark beetles for transportation to new, suitable habitats. Some phoretic mites act as predators and parasitoids of the bark beetles’ immature stages, especially egg and early larval stages, and are potential agents for the biological control of scolytine forest pests. Mites live very frequently in relationships with other invertebrates. Many are found in association with various species of bark beetles. Here, a total of 41 specimens of different bark beetles of the genus Ips (Ips acuminatus, Ips sexdentatus and Ips typographus) were studied for presence, species composition, and abundance of phoretic mites. The beetles were collected on dead wood and parts of tree bark of Pinus nigra, Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies in the Black Sea Mountains in Kastamonu and Artin Province of Turkey. A total of nine mite species were found, including Dendrolaelaps quadrisetus, Ereynetes sp., Histiostoma piceae, Paraleius cf. leontonychus, Pleuronectocelaeno barbara., Proctolaelaps hystricoides, Schizostethus simulatrix, Trichouropoda lamellosa and Uroobovellaipidis. All species are identified for the first time within Turkish fauna.

scholarly journals Engineering geophysical studies in the Black Sea from onboard the R/V Ashamba during 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-320
Author(s):  
N. N. Dmitrevskiy ◽  
R. A. Ananyev
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Continental Slope ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Echo Sounder

In May and October 2017, expeditionary research was carried out in the area of Gelendzhik in the Black Sea at the R/V «Ashamba». The main tasks were the mapping of the seabed and the search for small-sized objects at the bottom of the water area using a WASSP WMB-3250 multibeam echo sounder. Surveys included areal surveying and drawing up bathymetric maps of test sites in Gelendzhik Bay and in the transition zone from the shelf to the continental slope. In addition, the echo sounder was used to search and determine the exact coordinates of the bottom seismograph installed at the seabed near the Divnomorskoye village in May 2016. The article presents the results of the work carried out.

scholarly journals Level of relics in high-mountain flora of isolated Fisht-Oshten Massif and Chernomorskaya Chain

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
I. N. Timukhin ◽  
B. S. Tuniyev
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
The West ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Alpine Species ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Relic Species

For the first time the level of relics of the high-mountain flora of the northwestern edge of the highlands of the Caucasus has been established. The Fisht-Oshten Massif and the Black Sea Chain have a uniquely high level of relics - 51.0% (617 species), with a predominance of Tertiary-relic species - Rt - 41.2% (498 species). The second largest representation is a group of Holocene relics - Rx - 7.3% (88 species), the minimum represented Pleistocene relics - Rg - 2.5% (31 species). The relic level of alpine species is one of the highest in the Caucasus and is 52.8% (338 species). Alpine species also have predominance of Pliocene relics - 46.7% (299 species), the number of glacial relics is 2.5% (16 species), the share of xerothermic relics - 3.6% (23 species). In the preservation of relic species revealed general trends, depending on the remoteness of local flora from the main diaspora on the Fisht-Oshten Massif and the modern area of the meadow belt. These trends persist in Tertiary relics, while other patterns are observed for glacial and Holocene relics. The number of glacial relics fades to the west, most clearly it can be seen in alpine species. The number of Holocene relics as much as possible on the edge areas (Fisht-Oshten Massif and Mt. Semashkho) and minimally on the central peaks of the Black Sea Chain, where the Holocene expansion of xerophyte plants was insignificant.

scholarly journals Seasonal dynamics of the hydrophilic bird community of Kruglaya Bay (Sevastopol, the Black Sea)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
V. E. Giragosov ◽  
M. M. Beskaravainy
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mute Swan ◽  
Calidris Canutus ◽  
Tufted Duck ◽  
Fulica Atra ◽  
Mute Swans ◽  
Common Pochard

The relevance of the study of hydrophilic birds in the urban areas of the Black Sea coast is due to their important role in the coastal biocoenosis structure and the need to preserve biodiversity in the conditions of anthropogenic transformation of Crimean coastal zone. The dynamics of species composition and abundance of birds in Kruglaya (Omega) Bay (Sevastopol) were investigated. The results of regular and episodic monitoring carried out in 1995 and 2005–2016 were used in this work. Quantitative accounting was carried out only in January and February (1–2 times per winter season) in 2005–2008, episodically in 2009–2013 and weekly in December — May 2014/2015 and September — May 2015/2016. Number of specimens per species was registered, and the ratio of young and adult specimens in mute swan (Cygnus olor), sex ratio in mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), common pochard (Aythya ferina) and tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) were determined. Russian and Latin names of birds are represented by L. S. Stepanian. Kruglaya Bay is one of Sevastopol bays which form the northern coastline of the Heraclea Peninsula, and it is a place of seasonal concentrations of hydrophilic birds. The basic morphometric characteristics of the bay are the following: the water area — 0.64 km2, length — 1.3 km, maximum width — 0.8 km, the average depth — 4.5 m. The water area of the bay did not freeze usually, only its inner part was covered with ice in extremely cold winters. Benthic macrophyte species are represented by two associations: Cystoseira crinita and C. barbata on stones and rocks, and Zostera noltii and Z. marina on sandy and silty areas. Two local areas of common reed (Phragmites australis) beds are located in the inner part of the bay. The zoobenthos is a significant part of the food supply of birds and includes 97 species, mainly polychaetes, molluscs and crustaceans. The ichthyofauna is represented by 42 fish species. 51 species of aquatic and semi-aquatic birds across 8 Orders were identified. The winter bird community was most diverse and numerous (32 species: 14 Anseriformes, 7 Charadriiformes, 5 Podicipediformes, 3 Gruiformes, 2 Pelecaniformes, 1 Gaviiformes). Eight species dominate regularly in winters and quantitatively — mute swan, mallard, common pochard, tufted duck, eurasian coot (Fulica atra), black-headed gull (Larus ridibundus), caspian gull (Larus cachinnans) and common gull (Larus canus). Rare species wintering in the Mountain Crimea, including horned grebe (Podiceps auritus), Bewick’s swan (Cygnus bewickii), red-breasted goose (Rufibrenta ruficollis), white-headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala), knot (Calidris canutus), is of great interest. The average ratio of young and adult mute swans in the main wintering period (December — February) was 61 : 39 % in 2014/2015 and 45 : 55 % in 2015/2016, respectively. The ratio of males and females were as follows: in mallard 49.5 : 50.5 % in 2014/2015, and 51.4 : 48.6 % in 2015/2016; in common pochard 54.8 : 45.2 % in 2014/2015, and 60.5 : 39.5 % in 2015/2016; in tufted duck 51.0 : 49.0 % in 2014/2015, and 51.4 : 48.6 % in 2015/2016, respectively. Formation of the winter bird community began in October, sometimes at the end of September when single specimens of mallard, coot, tufted duck, red-breasted merganser (Mergus serrator), black-necked grebe (Podiceps nigricollis) appeared. Common gull, great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus) and the common pochard come flying in November; the mute swan appears at the beginning of December. Maximum and relatively stable number of most species was typical for January and the first half of February. Maximum number of specimens of all bird species was registered in January 13, 2015 (1288), and February 7, 2016 (1531 specimens). The feeding conditions of Kruglaya Bay allow overwintering of the birds with different feeding specializations. The benthophages (most of Anseriformes and Coot) rank first in species richness (at least 13 species) and in quantitative terms. Five species (black-throated diver (Gavia arctica), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), common sheg (Phalacrocorax aristotelis), red-breasted merganser, Sandwich tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis)) form the group of ichthyophages. The Grebes occupy an intermediate position between benthophages and ichthyophages: small fish and benthic invertebrates are present in their diet. Four species of gull (black-headed, Caspian, common, Mediterranean gull (Larus melanocephalus)) constitute a group of omnivores. The rare visitors in Kruglaya Bay are zoophagous and omnivorous birds foraging in the surf zone and at shallow depths, such as water rail (Rallus aquaticus), common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus), dunlin (Calidris alpina), knot (Calidris canutus), and herbivores which prefer to feed in terrestrial habitats — red-breasted goose (Rufibrenta ruficollis). The nutritional requirements of birds are compensated to a certain extent by additional feeding carried out by townspeople. In general 30 passing and nomadic species, mainly Charadriiformes (11), Anseriformes (7) and Ciconiiformes (5), were registered. A nesting bird community was absent, and only the nesting of little bittern (Ixobrychus minutus) was registered in 2016 for the first time in city zone. The spring migration took place from late February to May, the autumn migration — from August until the first decade of November. Kruglaya Bay is a valuable natural and ecological educational place and deserves status as a natural park.

scholarly journals Update on the Geographic Distribution of Lutra lutra at the Romanian Black Sea Coast

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniyar Memedemin ◽  
Marian Tudor ◽  
Dan Cogălniceanu ◽  
Marius Skolka ◽  
Gabriel Bănică ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Lutra Lutra ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
European Otter ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Near Threatened ◽  
Sea Coast

Abstract We report the occurrence of the European otter (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) along the entire Romanian Black Sea coast, for the first time. Several sightings were within the harbor and the city of Constanţa, indicating that the otter can accommodate to and tolerate high human impact. The report is based on observations made between 2012 and 2015. The species has been previously reported from all Romanian regions but not from the Black Sea coast. The occurrences reported within this article confirm an extension of the range of this Near Threatened species on the Romanian Black Sea coast, most probably due to the increasing of population size from other sources such as the Danube floodplain.

scholarly journals Fish larvae as food item of planktonic predator (Chaetognatha)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 94-96
Author(s):  
I. V. Vdodovich ◽  
P. S. Podrezova ◽  
T. N. Klimova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Food Item ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
High Abundance ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Larvae And Juveniles ◽  
Food Competitor ◽  
First Time ◽  
Active Predator

Photos of predation of sagitta (Chaetognatha) to fish larvae are presented for the first time for the Black Sea. While analyzing ichthyoplankton samples obtained in May and November in 2017 (94ᵗʰ and 98ᵗʰ cruises of RV “Professor Vodyanitsky”) several sagittas were found with their guts containing fish larvae. Fish larvae seem to have been captured by sagittas in the same way as sagittas in cannibalism cases, with both folding in half at the spot of capture. The data obtained allow us to assume sagittas in conditions of high abundance of eggs and fish larvae in the plankton to be not only a food competitor of larvae and juveniles of fish, as a fodder plankton consumer, but an active predator, being able to play a significant role in the elimination of ichthyoplankton.

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