scholarly journals Cyclic feeding of low and high protein diets reduces production cost of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biji Xavier ◽  
K. K. Jain ◽  
N. P. Sahu ◽  
A. K. Pal ◽  
G. Maheswarudu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Feeding Cycle ◽  
Cyclic Feeding ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

Eighty four days feeding trial (3 feeding cycle ; each cycle of 28 days comprising 21 days with low protein and 7 days with normal or high protein diets) was conducted with Labeo rohita fingerlings to investigate the growth performance. Four diets; D1 (10% CP); D2 (30% CP); D3 (35% CP) and D4 (40% CP) were prepared. A total of 225 fingerlings were distributed randomly into five treatments in triplicates. T1 and T2 groups were fed with D1 and D2 diets respectively throughout the experimental period. The feeding cycle of 28 days consisted of 21 days feeding with D1 and 7 days with D2 (T3); D3 (T4) or D4 (T5). Higher growth rate in terms of specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and apparent net protein utilisation were found in T2 and T3 group compared to T4 and T5. However, protein efficiency ratio of T3 group was significantly higher than the T2 group (p<0.05). Highest and lowest content of protein and lipid was observed in T2 group, whereas, the ash content was highest in T1 group. Feeding cost wasconsiderably reduced with T3 group of low protein intake (43.63%) registering 20.17% saving in production cost. The results indicate that fish fed with cyclic feeding schedule of 21 days with D1 (10% CP) followed by 7 days with a normal diet, D2 (30% CP) could reduce the production cost with considerable savings in feed cost.

scholarly journals Heifer nutrient intake during early- and mid-gestation programs adult offspring adiposity and mRNA expression of growth-related genes in adipose depots

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina C Micke ◽  
Tracy M Sullivan ◽  
I Caroline McMillen ◽  
Sheridan Gentili ◽  
Vivienne E A Perry
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Offspring Adiposity

Changes in maternal nutrient intake during gestation alterIGFreceptor abundance and leptin (LEP) mRNA expression in fetal adipose tissue. It is not known whether such changes persist into adult life and whether they are associated with an effect on phenotype. We investigated the effect of high (240%) and low (70%) levels of recommended daily crude protein intake for beef heifers during the first and second trimesters of gestation on singleton progeny (n=68): subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue depth at rump (P8) and rib (RF) sites from 65 until 657 days of age; plasma leptin concentrations from birth until 657 days and expression ofIGF1andIGF2, their receptors (IGF1RandIGF2R) andLEPmRNA in perirenal (PR), omental (OM) and SC adipose tissue at 680 days of age. High-protein diets during the first trimester increasedLEPandIGF1mRNA in PR of males and females, respectively, compared with low-protein diets, and decreasedIGF1RmRNA in SC of all progeny but increased RF depth of males between 552 and 657 days. High-protein diets compared with low-protein diets during the second trimester increasedIGF1RmRNA in PR and OM of all progeny;LEPmRNA in PR of males; andIGF2andIGF2RmRNA in OM of all progeny. Conversely,LEPmRNA in OM andIGF2mRNA in PR of all progeny were decreased following exposure to high- compared with low-protein diets during the second trimester. Heifer diet during gestation has permanent sex- and depot-specific effects on the expression of adipogenic and adipocytokine genes and offspring adiposity.

INFLUENCE OF PRIOR DIETARY PROTEIN LEVELS ON RESISTANCE TO THE STRESS OF PROTEIN DEPLETION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Oliver W. Vaughan ◽  
L. J. Filer ◽  
Helen Churella
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Protein Group ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

One-day-old piglets were fed diets of either 50% or 14% protein for 8 weeks; they were given intravenous injections with S35-methionine-labeled plasma protein and were given a nonprotein diet. The plasma protein turnover and the nitrogen excreted were estimated by measuring the S35 activity and the nitrogen in aliquots of blood, urine and feces. During a 102-day period of protein privation, the animals that had received the high-protein diet lost little weight, while pigs previously fed a low level of protein lost 4.4 kg. However the high-protein group had a considerably faster rate of plasma protein turnover, catabolized a much large quantity of protein, and excreted more S35 and nitrogen than did the low-protein group. It is concluded that high-protein diets may make pigs less well able to cope with the stress of sudden protein deprivation.

scholarly journals Structural changes in the jejunal mucosa of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni, fed low or high protein diets

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janira Lúcia Assumpção Couto ◽  
Haroldo da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Dinalva Bezerra da Rocha ◽  
Maria Eugênia Leite Duarte ◽  
Monica Lopes Assunção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

The effects of high and low-protein diets on the structure of the jejunal mucosa were studied in Schistosoma mansoni infected mice (morphology and histomorphometry). Weaning male albino mice were infected with 80 cercariae, fed with high (20%) or low-protein (5%) diets and compared to uninfected controls under the same conditions. Mice were sacrificed 12 weeks after infection. Animals submitted to a low-protein diet showed lower weight curves, mainly when infected. In the jejunal mucosa, finger-like villi were the predominant pattern among uninfected high-protein fed animals, while the infected ones showed leaf-shaped and flattened villi in most cases. Undernourished infected mice had 65.7% leaf-shaped villi. A significant increase in the number of goblet cells was seen in infected mice. A decrease in the number of absorptive cells was detected in undernourished mice, particularly in infected ones.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF HIGH PROTEIN DIETS ON EXPERIMENTAL RENAL HYPERTENSION

1941 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Philipsborn ◽  
L. N. Katz ◽  
S. Rodbard
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Experimental Renal Hypertension ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

The effect of high and low protein diets were studied on fourteen dogs in twenty-four different experiments. In only two of these animals, both with moderate renal excretory failure, was a reversible rise in blood pressure elicited by a high protein diet. The possible mechanisms involved in meeting an increased excretory load are discussed.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of high protein intake on nephrocalcinogenesis in female rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. H. Sterck ◽  
J. Ritskes-Hoitinga ◽  
A. C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Protein Intake ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Protein Intake ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Background Diet ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

Increased intakes of protein have been shown to reduce kidney calcification (nephrocalcinosis) in female rats. Two questions were addressed in the present study. First, can protein-induced inhibition of nephrocalcinosis be demonstrated when the diets used are balanced for calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in the added protein? Second, can the protein effect be explained by the frequently observed magnesiuria after giving high-protein diets? Nephrocalcinosis was induced in female rats by giving purified diets containing 151 g casein/kg and either an increased concentration of P (6 v. 2 g/kg) or a decreased concentration of Mg (0·1 v. 0·4 g/kg). To these diets 151 g ovalbumin/kg was added at the expense of glucose, and the diets were balanced for Ca, Mg and P in ovalbumin. The diets were given for 29 d. In rats fed on the diet containing 151 g protein/kg, an increased intake of P or a decreased intake of Mg caused nephrocalcinosis as measured chemically by analysis of kidney Ca as well as histologically by scoring kidney sections stained according to Von Kossa's method. The addition of ovalbumin to the diet prevented the induction of nephrocalcinosis. High P intake and low Mg intake with the low-protein diets induced enhanced loss of albumin in urine, suggesting that nephrocalcinosis caused kidney damage. Increased protein intake with a non-calcinogenic diet also caused increased albumin excretion in urine. Irrespective of the composition of the background diet, increased protein intake caused increased urinary excretion of Mg. When all dietary groups were considered, differences in nephrocalcinosis and urinary Mg output were not proportionally related.Nephrocalcinosis: Phosphorus: Magnesium: Protein: Rat

Effect of protein level and grain source on milk production, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation in primiparous Holstein cows

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
H. Mirzaei-Alamouti ◽  
A. Mohammad ◽  
M. Vazirigohar ◽  
P. Rezamand ◽  
M. Mansouryar
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

Abstract This study investigated whether the interaction of protein level and grain type can affect milk production, nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation in primiparous Holstein cows. Four dietary treatments were used: high-protein with barley as the only grain source, HP-B; (2) high-protein with an equal mix of barley and maize, HP-BM; (3) low-protein with barley as the only grain source, LP-B and (4) low-protein with equal proportions of barley and maize, LP-BM. High-protein diets showed no improvement in milk or protein yield compared with low-protein, but barley and maize mix diets increased energy-corrected milk yield and fat yield compared with barley-only diets. The highest total apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fibre was observed for LP-BM whereas HP-BM showed the greatest crude protein digestibility. Treatment had no effect on total volatile fatty acid concentrations, molar proportion of acetate and propionate and acetate to propionate ratio. The lowest ruminal pH was observed for LP-B. High-protein diets resulted in greater concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (N), urinary N, blood and milk urea nitrogen compared with low-protein diets, whereas low-protein diets showed better nitrogen utilization efficiency. This study showed that primiparous lactating cows do not benefit from high-protein diets with different fermentation rates of grain sources, but barley and maize diets may improve milk production performance, ruminal fermentation and pH under the present dietary conditions. The current results on milk production performance should be interpreted with caution due to the small number of cows used (eight in each treatment).

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