scholarly journals Structural changes in the jejunal mucosa of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni, fed low or high protein diets

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janira Lúcia Assumpção Couto ◽  
Haroldo da Silva Ferreira ◽  
Dinalva Bezerra da Rocha ◽  
Maria Eugênia Leite Duarte ◽  
Monica Lopes Assunção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Jejunal Mucosa ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

The effects of high and low-protein diets on the structure of the jejunal mucosa were studied in Schistosoma mansoni infected mice (morphology and histomorphometry). Weaning male albino mice were infected with 80 cercariae, fed with high (20%) or low-protein (5%) diets and compared to uninfected controls under the same conditions. Mice were sacrificed 12 weeks after infection. Animals submitted to a low-protein diet showed lower weight curves, mainly when infected. In the jejunal mucosa, finger-like villi were the predominant pattern among uninfected high-protein fed animals, while the infected ones showed leaf-shaped and flattened villi in most cases. Undernourished infected mice had 65.7% leaf-shaped villi. A significant increase in the number of goblet cells was seen in infected mice. A decrease in the number of absorptive cells was detected in undernourished mice, particularly in infected ones.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF HIGH PROTEIN DIETS ON EXPERIMENTAL RENAL HYPERTENSION

1941 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Philipsborn ◽  
L. N. Katz ◽  
S. Rodbard
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Experimental Renal Hypertension ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

The effect of high and low protein diets were studied on fourteen dogs in twenty-four different experiments. In only two of these animals, both with moderate renal excretory failure, was a reversible rise in blood pressure elicited by a high protein diet. The possible mechanisms involved in meeting an increased excretory load are discussed.

scholarly journals POSTPARTUM CONCENTRATIONS OF ESTRADIOL AND PROGESTERONE IN THREE GENOTYPE OF SHEEP FED VARYING LEVELS OF PROTEIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-501
Author(s):  
A. M. Hassan ◽  
M. Nasir ◽  
A. Y. Abdullahi ◽  
M. H. Zango
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Ovarian Cyclicity ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

The study aims to evaluate the effects of feeding different protein levels on the resumption of postpartum ovarian activity by measuring serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations bi-weekly starting one week postpartum in three genotypes of sheep (Yankasa, Uda and Balami). Eighteen (18) multiparous sheep with aged range of 2.5 – 3 years old consisting of six (6) each of Yankasa, Uda and Balami breeds were divided into three groups and reared on different protein concentrations. The protein concentrations were 15.2% (high), 9.5% (medium) and 6.5% (low). Results showed a gradual increase of estradiol in both Yankasa and Uda breeds fed low protein diet from 100 – 3000 concentration. However, Uda breed had the highest value of estradiol when both medium and high protein diets were fed to the three genotypes of sheep. Nevertheless, Yankasa sheep had more consistent values of progesterone when fed low protein diet compared to Balami and Uda. Also Uda breed recorded the highest progesterone values in both medium and high protein diets among the three genotypes followed by Yankasa sheep. All the three genotypes returned to estrous earlier on high protein concentration followed by those on medium protein level. It is concluded that increase protein concentration hastened resumption of ovarian cyclicity and thereby leading to increase fertility in sheep

The effects of carbadox on the performance and carcass characteristics of early-weaned pigs given high- and low-protein diets

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

ABSTRACTThirty-six male pigs weaned at 28 days of age were used to study the effects of methyl-3-(2- quinoxalinylmethylene) carbazate-N1, N4-dioxide (carbadox) in high- and low-protein diets on the performance of pigs growing between 7 and 32 kg live weight, and on carcass characteristics at the latter weight.The inclusion of carbadox (55 mg/kg) in a high-protein diet containing 195 g crude protein per kg and 10·2 g lysine per kg had no effect on performance or on carcass characteristics. Pigs offered the high-protein diets grew more rapidly, had a lower food conversion ratio and were leaner at 32 kg live weight than those offered a lowprotein diet containing 146g crude protein per kg and 6·0 g lysine per kg. Supplementation of the low-protein diet with lysine (4·2 g/kg) had no effect on performance or carcass characteristics but the inclusion of carbadox in the low-protein diet increased growth performance and reduced carcass backfat measurements at 32 kg. However, the performance was inferior, and the backfat thickness greater, compared with the high-protein diets. On the other hand, supplementation of the low-protein diet with lysine plus carbadox raised growth performance and reduced carcass backfat measurements to the levels exhibited on the high protein diets.

scholarly journals High protein diet: benefits and risks

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-400
Author(s):  
M. V. Altashina ◽  
E. V. Ivannikova ◽  
E. A. Troshina
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Mineral Bone Density

The nature of human nutrition has become increasingly important as an effective element in the prevention and treatment of many pathologies, especially obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. High protein diets are some of the most popular eating patterns and the Dukan diet has taken the lead in popularity among the diets of this type. An increase of protein in the diet is effective in reducing body weight, primarily due to the loss of adipose tissue, without a significant effect on muscle mass. Another advantage of a high-protein diet is earlier and longer satiety compared to other diets, which makes it comfortable for use. Besides obesity, high protein diets are presumably effective for treating such diseases as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases However, despite the important advantages, this nutritional model is not universal and is contraindicated in patients with diseases of liver, kidneys and osteoporosis. Besides, the prolonged use of a high protein diet may increase the risks of urolithiasis and reduced mineral bone density even for healthy individuals. Thus, the increase in the proportion of protein in the diet should take place exclusively under the supervision of a physician.

Digestion by sheep of concentrate diets containing formaldehyde-treated peanut meal

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Faichney
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Formaldehyde Treatment ◽  
Protein Diets

The effect of formaldehyde treatment of peanut meal on the digestion of barley-peanut meal diets was studied in fistulated crossbred sheep at two peanut meal and therefore dietary protein levels. There were no differences either between protein levels or due to treatment in the overall digestion of organic matter, but more of this digestion took place in the stomach when the low protein diets were given. Dietary starch was completely digested. There was no effect of protein level or of formaldehyde treatment on the partition of starch digestion between the stomach and the intestines. About 10% of the dietary nitrogen disappeared from the stomach when the high protein diet containing untreated peanut meal was given; treatment resulted in a small net gain of nitrogen in the stomach. There was a net gain of nitrogen in the stomach when the low protein diets were given, the gain tending to be greater when the peanut meal was treated. When the meal was treated, there was a small but not significant increase (c. 2%) for the low protein diet and a substantial increase (c. 31 %) for the high protein diet in the amount of crude protein digested in the intestines per unit of digestible organic matter intake. Changes observed in the composition and flow of digesta and in plasma urea and cc-amino nitrogen levels are discussed in relation to the digestion of organic matter and protein.

scholarly journals Heifer nutrient intake during early- and mid-gestation programs adult offspring adiposity and mRNA expression of growth-related genes in adipose depots

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina C Micke ◽  
Tracy M Sullivan ◽  
I Caroline McMillen ◽  
Sheridan Gentili ◽  
Vivienne E A Perry
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Offspring Adiposity

Changes in maternal nutrient intake during gestation alterIGFreceptor abundance and leptin (LEP) mRNA expression in fetal adipose tissue. It is not known whether such changes persist into adult life and whether they are associated with an effect on phenotype. We investigated the effect of high (240%) and low (70%) levels of recommended daily crude protein intake for beef heifers during the first and second trimesters of gestation on singleton progeny (n=68): subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue depth at rump (P8) and rib (RF) sites from 65 until 657 days of age; plasma leptin concentrations from birth until 657 days and expression ofIGF1andIGF2, their receptors (IGF1RandIGF2R) andLEPmRNA in perirenal (PR), omental (OM) and SC adipose tissue at 680 days of age. High-protein diets during the first trimester increasedLEPandIGF1mRNA in PR of males and females, respectively, compared with low-protein diets, and decreasedIGF1RmRNA in SC of all progeny but increased RF depth of males between 552 and 657 days. High-protein diets compared with low-protein diets during the second trimester increasedIGF1RmRNA in PR and OM of all progeny;LEPmRNA in PR of males; andIGF2andIGF2RmRNA in OM of all progeny. Conversely,LEPmRNA in OM andIGF2mRNA in PR of all progeny were decreased following exposure to high- compared with low-protein diets during the second trimester. Heifer diet during gestation has permanent sex- and depot-specific effects on the expression of adipogenic and adipocytokine genes and offspring adiposity.

Effect of adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy on responses of rat liver enzymes to high-protein diets

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Freedland
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Simple Pattern ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

Although many enzymes are increased by either a high-protein diet or cortisol adminstration, there was no evidence of a glucocorticoid requirement for the high-protein mediated increases. This was particularly noticeable for enzymes markedly increased by feeding a high-protein diet. Neither adrenalectomy nor hypophysectomy prevented the diet-mediated increases, although in certain instances the responses were decreased. Many enzymes which were unaffected or decreased in the intact rat by feeding a high-protein diet had markedly different responses after endocrine removal. There did not appear to be a general or simple pattern of these altered responses. Therefore predictions on possible activity changes could not be made, except for those enzymes normally increased by a high-protein diet on the basis of metabolic function or hormonal effects. Possible hormonal controls of these changes in enzyme activity are discussed.

scholarly journals Liver GCN2 controls hepatic FGF21 secretion and modulates whole body postprandial oxidation profile under a low-protein diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 317 (6) ◽  
pp. E1015-E1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristan Chalvon-Demersay ◽  
Joanna Moro ◽  
Patrick C. Even ◽  
Catherine Chaumontet ◽  
Daniel Tomé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Protein Diets

General control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2) is a kinase that detects amino acid deficiency and is involved in the control of protein synthesis and energy metabolism. However, the role of hepatic GCN2 in the metabolic adaptations in response to the modulation of dietary protein has been seldom studied. Wild-type (WT) and liver GCN2-deficient (KO) mice were fed either a normo-protein diet, a low-protein diet, or a high-protein diet for 3 wk. During this period, body weight, food intake, and metabolic parameters were followed. In mice fed normo- and high-protein diets, GCN2 pathway in the liver is not activated in WT mice, leading to a similar metabolic profile with the one of KO mice. On the contrary, a low-protein diet activates GCN2 in WT mice, inducing FGF21 secretion. In turn, FGF21 maintains a high level of lipid oxidation, leading to a different postprandial oxidation profile compared with KO mice. Hepatic GCN2 controls FGF21 secretion under a low-protein diet and modulates a whole body postprandial oxidation profile.

scholarly journals High-Protein Diets for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samar Malaeb ◽  
Caitlin Bakker ◽  
Lisa S Chow ◽  
Anne E Bantle
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Glycemic Outcomes ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets

ABSTRACT Diet has the potential to be a powerful and cost-effective tool for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). High-protein diets have shown promise for this purpose. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate whether high-protein diets improve glycemic outcomes in people with T2D. We conducted a systematic search of literature published prior to 1 February 2018 to find clinical studies of high-protein diet patterns for treatment of T2D in human participants. A high-protein diet was defined as a diet with protein content greater than that of a typical diet in the United States (>16% of total energy as protein). Studies were excluded if weight loss >5% occurred or if no glycemic outcomes were measured. A total of 21 independent articles met our criteria and were included. Most tested diets had a protein content of around 30% of total energy. Many studies supported the use of high-protein diets for patients with T2D, but were limited by small size (n = 8–32) and short duration (1–24 wk). Randomized controlled trials tended to be larger (n = 12–419) and longer (6 wk–2 y), and had mixed results, with many trials showing no difference between a high-protein diet and control. Many randomized controlled trials were limited by low compliance and high dropout rates >15%. There were no consistent beneficial or detrimental effects of high-protein diets on renal or cardiovascular outcomes. Evidence was insufficient to recommend 1 type of protein (plant or animal) over the other. Our review suggests that interventions to improve compliance with diet change over the long term may be equally important as specific macronutrient recommendations for treatment of T2D.

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