scholarly journals The demonstration and validation of a linked watershed-riverine modeling system for DoD installations : user guidance report version 2.0

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy Johnson ◽  
Zhonglong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Watershed Modeling ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Watershed Model ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Fort Hood ◽  
Patuxent River ◽  
Creek Watershed ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
Model Setup

A linked watershed model was evaluated on three watersheds within the U.S.: (1) House Creek Watershed, Fort Hood, TX; (2) Calleguas Creek Watershed, Ventura County, CA; and (3) Patuxent River Watershed, MD. The goal of this demonstration study was to show the utility of such a model in addressing water quality issues facing DoD installations across a variety of climate zones. In performing the demonstration study, evaluations of model output with regards to accuracy, predictability and meeting regulatory drivers were completed. Data availability, level of modeling expertise, and costs for model setup, validation, scenario analysis, and maintenance were evaluated in order to inform installation managers on the time and cost investment needed to use a linked watershed modeling system. Final conclusions were that the system evaluated in this study would be useful for answering a variety of questions posed by installation managers and could be useful in developing management scenarios to better control pollutant runoff from installations.

scholarly journals An application of Bayesian Belief Networks to assess management scenarios for aquaculture in a complex tropical lake system in Indonesia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250365
Author(s):  
Ivana Yuniarti ◽  
Klaus Glenk ◽  
Alistair McVittie ◽  
Sulung Nomosatryo ◽  
Endra Triwisesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Management ◽  
Bayesian Belief Networks ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Tropical Lake ◽  
Tropical Lakes ◽  
Native Fish ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Trade Offs

A Bayesian Belief Network, validated using past observational data, is applied to conceptualize the ecological response of Lake Maninjau, a tropical lake ecosystem in Indonesia, to tilapia cage farms operating on the lake and to quantify its impacts to assist decision making. The model captures ecosystem services trade-offs between cage farming and native fish loss. It is used to appraise options for lake management related to the minimization of the impacts of the cage farms. The constructed model overcomes difficulties with limited data availability to illustrate the complex physical and biogeochemical interactions contributing to triggering mass fish kills due to upwelling and the loss in the production of native fish related to the operation of cage farming. The model highlights existing information gaps in the research related to the management of the farms in the study area, which is applicable to other tropical lakes in general. Model results suggest that internal phosphorous loading (IPL) should be recognized as one of the primary targets of the deep eutrophic tropical lake restoration efforts. Theoretical and practical contributions of the model and model expansions are discussed. Short- and longer-term actions to contribute to a more sustainable management are recommended and include epilimnion aeration and sediment capping.

Rain Distribution in a Mountainous Watershed

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Loukas ◽  
M.C. Quick
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Watershed Model ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Creek Watershed ◽  
Lower Elevation ◽  
Hourly Rainfall ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Mountainous Watershed ◽  
Rainfall Depth

The orographic and temporal gradients of rainfall in a mountainous watershed in southwestern British Columbia have been analyzed and streamflow has been estimated using a watershed model. The study watershed is the Jamieson Creek watershed located approximately 30 km north of Vancouver in the Coastal Mountains. The purpose of the study was to determine whether rainfall follows a definable pattern in this mountainous watershed. Regression analysis has been performed for the total rainfall depth per event and hourly intensity for the period 1972-1975. Data is taken from the rainfall season of June to mid-November in order to avoid complications of combined rain and snow events. In this analysis, the rainfall data from a gauge at the lower elevation was used as the set of independent variables and the data from the other four gauges in the watershed as dependent variables. The results showed that the rainfall depth per event increased up to the mid-elevation of the watershed, and then decreased at the upper elevations. On the other hand, the hourly rainfall intensity was found to decrease with increase of elevation in the watershed, so that longer duration of rainfall events occurs at the middle and upper watershed. The regression equations, developed from the analysis of the distribution of the hourly intensity, were used for the prediction of rainfall events of the years 1976-1977. The agreement between the predicted and the observed rain was statistically good. Also, the simulation of the watershed streamflow using the predicted rainfall gave good results. Consequently, because the rainfall follows a definable distribution as a function of elevation, it is possible to use data from one station located at the lower elevation in combination with the developed predictor equations to accurately describe the rainfall over the watershed.

3D climate simulations of Earth-like planets with a range of atmospheric composition, radiative transfer, ocean, and resolution configurations, using the new version of ROCKE-3D

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Tsigaridis ◽  
Anthony D. Del Genio ◽  
Igor Aleinov ◽  
Eric T. Wolf ◽  
Maxwell Kelley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Climate Simulations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Earth Like Planets ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
Model Setup

<p>Understanding the climate of terrestrial planetary atmospheres has been increasingly the focus of research worldwide, in light of the increasing amount of rocky planet discoveries orbiting other stars in or near their habitable zone. Here we present simulations with the new version of the 3D climate model ROCKE-3D, whose version 2.0 will soon become publicly available. A wide range of configurations will be supported, compared to a handful ones in its predecessor, version 1.0 (Way et al., 2017). These include two model resolutions (4x5 and 2x2.5), two radiation schemes (GISS and SOCRATES), three atmospheric configurations (Earth-like, Earth-like without O3 and aerosols, and N2-dominated), and three ocean setups (prescribed sea-surface temperatures and ice cover, q-flux, and dynamic). Simulations of all different configuration combinations have been performed and will become available for use by the community. Key results will be presented across those configurations, together of the role of the structural uncertainty in model setup in the resulting climate calculated by the model.</p>

Evaluation of Sediment Load Reduction by Natural Riparian Vegetation in the Goodwin Creek Watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1325-1342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique G. Momm ◽  
Lindsey M. W. Yasarer ◽  
Ronald L. Bingner ◽  
Robert R. Wells ◽  
Roger A. Kunhle
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Watershed Modeling ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Sand Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Sediment Loads ◽  
Creek Watershed ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Natural riparian vegetation can contribute to edge-of-field filtering of nonpoint-source (NPS) pollutants and function as a conservation structure. The challenge resides in quantifying the performance of riparian vegetation. In this study, the impact of natural and constructed riparian vegetation in reducing sediment loads was evaluated at field and watershed scales in the Goodwin Creek experimental watershed using the Annualized Agriculture Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) watershed pollutant model. Detailed characterization of actual natural riparian vegetation was performed with the AGNPS-Buffer GIS tool (AGBUF), and the results were integrated with the AnnAGNPS model to estimate suspended sediment concentrations at the edges of fields and at the watershed outlet. The specific objectives focused on natural vegetation characterization, quantification of sediment trapping efficiency (TE), and comparison of sediment loads of different particle sizes under contrasting alternative scenarios with varying buffer widths and concentrated flow path (CFP) assumptions. Simulation results indicated that the potential of natural riparian vegetation to reduce sediment yield differed for clay, silt, and sand particle sizes. Evaluation of the simulation describing actual conditions but with varying CFP assumptions indicated improved agreement with the observed values when an increasing number of CFPs was considered. Simulation results demonstrated the importance of maintenance to prevent CFPs, as comparisons of simulations containing constructed buffer alternatives suggested that narrower well-maintained buffers can be as efficient as wider buffers containing CFPs and have the potential to remove less land from production. Keywords: AnnAGNPS, Buffer trapping efficiency, Integrated field and watershed scales, Natural riparian buffers, Watershed modeling.

scholarly journals Modelling water provision as an ecosystem service in a large East African river basin

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 7987-8033 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Notter ◽  
H. Hurni ◽  
U. Wiesmann ◽  
K. C. Abbaspour
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Watershed Model ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Reliability Level ◽  
Water Provision

Abstract. Reconciling limited water availability with an increasing demand in a sustainable manner requires detailed knowledge on the benefits people obtain from water resources. A frequently advocated approach to deliver such information is the ecosystem services concept. This study quantifies water provision as an ecosystem service for the 43 000 km2 Pangani Basin in Tanzania and Kenya. The starting assumption that an ecosystem service must be valued and accessible by people necessitates the explicit consideration of stakeholders, as well as fine spatial detail in order to determine their access to water. Further requirements include the use of a simulation model to obtain estimates for unmeasured locations and time periods, and uncertainty assessment due to limited data availability and quality. By slightly adapting the hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), developing and applying tools for input pre-processing, and using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting ver. 2 (SUFI-2) in calibration and uncertainty assessment, a watershed model is set up according to these requirements for the Pangani Basin. Indicators for water provision for different uses are derived from model results by combining them with stakeholder requirements and socio-economic datasets such as census or water rights data. Overall water provision is rather low in the Basin, however with large spatial variability. On average, for domestic use, livestock, and industry, 86–105 l per capita and day (95 % prediction uncertainty, 95 PPU) are available at a reliability level of 95%. 1.19–1.50 ha (95 PPU) of farmland on which a growing period with sufficient water of 3-6 months is reached at the 75 % reliability level – suitable for the production of staple crops – are available per farming household, as well as 0.19–0.51 ha (95 PPU) of farmland with a growing period of ≥6~months, suitable for the cultivation of cash crops. The indicators presented reflect stakeholder information needs and can be extracted from the model for any physical or political spatial unit in the Basin.

scholarly journals Modelling water provision as an ecosystem service in a large East African river basin

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Notter ◽  
H. Hurni ◽  
U. Wiesmann ◽  
K. C. Abbaspour
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Watershed Model ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Reliability Level ◽  
Water Provision

Abstract. Reconciling limited water availability with an increasing demand in a sustainable manner requires detailed knowledge on the benefits people obtain from water resources. A frequently advocated approach to deliver such information is the ecosystem services concept. This study quantifies water provision as an ecosystem service for the 43 000 km2 Pangani Basin in Tanzania and Kenya. The starting assumption that an ecosystem service must be valued and accessible by people necessitates the explicit consideration of stakeholders, as well as fine spatial detail in order to determine their access to water. Further requirements include the use of a simulation model to obtain estimates for unmeasured locations and time periods, and uncertainty assessment due to limited data availability and quality. By slightly adapting the hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), developing and applying tools for input pre-processing, and using Sequential Uncertainty Fitting ver. 2 (SUFI-2) in calibration and uncertainty assessment, a watershed model is set up according to these requirements for the Pangani Basin. Indicators for water provision for different uses are derived from model results by combining them with stakeholder requirements and socio-economic datasets such as census or water rights data. Overall water provision is rather low in the basin, however with large spatial variability. On average, for domestic use, livestock, and industry, 86–105 l per capita and day (95% prediction uncertainty, 95 PPU) are available at a reliability level of 95%. 1.19–1.50 ha (95 PPU) of farmland on which a growing period with sufficient water of 3–6 months is reached at the 75% reliability level – suitable for the production of staple crops – are available per farming household, as well as 0.19–0.51 ha (95 PPU) of farmland with a growing period of ≥6 months, suitable for the cultivation of cash crops. The indicators presented reflect stakeholder information needs and can be extracted from the model for any physical or political spatial unit in the basin.

scholarly journals Model Debit Puncak Banjir Berdasarkan Faktor Bentuk DAS untuk Sungai-Sungai di Sulawesi Selatan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Dandy Achmad Yani ◽  
Ery Suhartanto
Keyword(s):  
Form Factor ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Watershed Model ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Flood Peak ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Flood Discharge ◽  
Synthetic Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Unit Hydrographs

ABSTRAK Kurangnya ketersediaan data hidrograf merupakan kendala bagi perencanaan bangunan air. Kendala ini menjadikan model-model HSS akan memberikan manfaat yang cukup besar. Idealnya setiap DAS mempunyai Hidrograf Satuan dengan ciri tertentu. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengamati karakteristik hidrograf pengamatan di tiap DAS dan semua DAS di Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Tujuan utama studi ini adalah membuat rancangan Model Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis antara lain persamaan debit puncak banjir (Qp) dan waktu mencapai puncak banjir (Tp) yang antara lain merupakan fungsi dari luas DAS (A), panjang sungai terpanjang (L), dan faktor bentuk DAS. Faktor bentuk DAS merupakan rasio dari keliling (K) dan luas area (A) DAS. Analisis model menggunakan regresi dengan berbagai alternatif. Hasilnya permodelan hidrograf satuan sintetis (HSS) dengan variabel luas DAS (A), panjang sungai terpanjang (L), dan faktor bentuk DAS (FD) dan tentunya sesuai dengan kriteria dari koefisien determinasi, diharapkan mempunyai sensitivitas yang cukup tinggi. Faktor bentuk DAS (FD) diharapkan mempunyai hubungan linear dengan parameter hidrograf satuan sintetis.Kata kunci: debit puncak banjir, waktu mencapai puncak, luas DAS, panjang sungai terpanjang, faktor bentuk DAS   ABSTRACT The lack of hydrograph data availability is an obstacle for water building planning. This constraint makes HSS models will provide considerable benefits. Ideally each watershed has a Hydrograph Unit with certain characteristics. This study aims to observe the hydrograph characteristics of observations in each watershed and all watersheds in South Sulawesi Province. The main objective of this study is to design a Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Model, including the peak flood discharge equation (Qp) and the time to reach the flood peak (Tp), which among others is a function of the watershed area (A), longest river length (L), and form factor Watershed. The watershed form factor is the ratio of perimeter (K) and area (A) of the watershed. Model analysis uses regression with various alternatives. The result is synthetic unit hydrograph modeling (HSS) with a broad variable watershed (A), longest river length (L), and DAS (FD) form factor and of course according to the criteria of the coefficient of determination, it is expected to have a high enough sensitivity. The DAS (FD) form factor is expected to have a linear relationship with the parameters of synthetic unit hydrographs. 

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