How to Wear a Sandy Coat: Secretory Cells in the Dorsal Epidermis in the Sea Cucumber Holothuria atra (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)

This study aimed at evaluating the antibiofilm activity of the Red Sea metabolites from green alga Avrainvillea amadelpha, sea cucumber Holothuria atra and costal plant Sarcocornia fruticosa against three biofilm bacterial strains isolated from Jeddah coast. Free fatty acids (FFAs) and other lipoidal matters were extracted from these organisms and analyzed by GC-MS. The composition of lipoidal fractions showed that A. amadelpha is rich by 74% saturated FAs, while sea cucumber H. atra revealed high content (60%) of unsaturated FAs. Palmitic acid is the major FA component in all species ranging from 14.5 to 26.7%. Phytol, sterols and hydrocarbons (C8-C29) were represented in the alga A. amadelpha as high contents with values 25.8, 21.9 and 18.5%, respectively. The extracts and lipoidal contents showed biofilm inhibitory activity against the isolated bacterial strains, where the unsaponified lipoidal fraction of S. fruticosa exhibited highest inhibitory activity against Planomicrobium sp. at concentration of 200 µg/mL.

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Isolation of sea cucumbers’s (Holothuria atra) secondary metabolite using column-chromatography technique

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/869/1/012010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 869 (1) ◽

pp. 012010

Author(s):

S Agustina ◽

S Bella ◽

S Karina ◽

I Irwan ◽

M Ulfah

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Secondary Metabolite ◽

Column Chromatography ◽

Extraction Method ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Sea Cucumbers ◽

Marine Chemistry ◽

Holothuria Atra ◽

Metabolite Content

Abstract Identification of sea cucumbers from Benteng Inong Balee, Aceh Besar and their phytochemistry screening were conducted in December 2020 to January 2021 at Laboratory of Marine Chemistry and Fisheries Biotechnology, Universitas Syiah Kuala. The purpose of this study was to identify the species of sea cucumbers and its secondary metabolite content using phytochemistry screening and column chromatography. The species of sea cucumbers that were identified was Holothuria atra. The extraction method used in sea cucumber extraction was maceration method, while the separation of secondary metabolites used column-chromatography with eluent of n-hexane : ethyl acetate (8:4). The results showed that secondary metabolites obtained from phytochemical tests were flavonoids, saponins and triterpenoids.

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Sea cucumber community in the coastal area of the Bahoi Village,West Likupang Sub-district, North Minahasa District

JURNAL ILMIAH PLATAX ◽

10.35800/jip.8.1.2020.27601 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Andia Tri Fritama Lumbu ◽

Lawrence J. L. Lumingas ◽

Gaspar D. Manu

Keyword(s):

Sea Cucumber ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Line Transect ◽

Dominance Index ◽

Holothuria Scabra ◽

Research Site ◽

Holothuria Atra

This research is conducted in the coastal waters of Bahoi Village, West Likupang Sub-district, North Minahasa District with the aims to know the types of sea-related environmental factors in the research site and know the community structure of the sea cucumber including the density, Index of diversity, dominance index, and distribution patterns. Data collection was done by using the line transect method, and sampling technique by using quadrat. The results of the study found 5 species of sea cucumber i.e. Holothuria atra, Holothuria scabra, Bohadschia marmorata, Actinopyga echinites, and Bohadschia vitiensis. The individual density of all species is 0.12 ind/m2, and the diversity index (H ') 0.950. The value of the similarity index/compatibility obtained is e = 0.918. The result of the calculated dominance index of sea cucumber species is 1.0 and the pattern of spreading species of sea cucumber in the research site shows a random spread pattern because the value of dispersion index (I) approaches 1 (one). Keywords: community; Sea cucumber; Bahoi; Dominance; Diversity.AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan di perairan pantai desa Bahoi, Kecamatan Likupang Barat, Kabupaten Minahasa Utara dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis teripang yang ada di lokasi penelitian dan mengetahui struktur komunitas teripang yang meliputi kepadatan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks dominasi, dan pola penyebaran. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode line transek, dan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan mengunakan kuadrat. Hasil penelitian ditemukan 5 spesies teripang yaitu Holothuria atra, Holothuria scabra, Bohadschia marmorata, Actinopyga echinites dan Bohadschia vitiensis. Kepadatan individu dari seluruh spesies yaitu 0,12 ind/m2, indeks keanekaragaman (H’) 0,950. Nilai indeks kemerataan/keserasian diperoleh nilai indeks e = 0,918. nilai indeks dominasi spesies teripang diperoleh 1,0 dan pola penyebaran spesies teripang dilokasi penelitian menunjukkan pola sebaran acak (random) dikarenakan nilai indeks dispersi (I) mendekati 1 (satu).Kata Kunci : Komunitas; Teripang; Perairan Bahoi; Dominasi; Keanekaragaman

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Black sea cucumber (Holothuria atra Jaeger, 1833) rescues Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected Caenorhabditis elegans via reduction of pathogen virulence factors and enhancement of host immunity

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c9fo01357a ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 5759-5767

Author(s):

Wan-Ting Lee ◽

Boon-Khai Tan ◽

Su-Anne Eng ◽

Gan Chee Yuen ◽

Kit Lam Chan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Virulence Factors ◽

Black Sea ◽

Sea Cucumber ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Host Immunity ◽

Bacterial Virulence ◽

Pathogen Virulence ◽

Multidrug Resistant Pathogens ◽

Holothuria Atra

A strategy to circumvent the problem of multidrug resistant pathogens is the discovery of anti-infectives targeting bacterial virulence or host immunity.

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