scholarly journals Side Appel Amenability to Ontario

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Querques
Keyword(s):  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
High Density ◽  
Sensory Characteristics ◽  
Cultivation Temperature ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Cider Industry ◽  
The Cost

My thesis research involves an evaluation of apple production for the rapidly expanding Ontario cider industry. This entails several experiments that provide an analysis of several apple cultivars. These include apples from traditional global cider regions, established Ontario varieties, and novel crab-derived varieties. Firstly, a report on the cider-centric sensory characteristics of these apples will be published. Additionally, the winter hardiness of varieties with historic use in cider making will be established using microscopy methods. This will provide a minimum cultivation temperature for use in planting decisions throughout Ontario’s apple growing regions. A major concern of Ontario apple grower’s is the cost of harvest labour. For this purpose, I am evaluating the economics of mechanical harvesting in high-density orchards. Lastly, I am exploring the suitability of ice cider production in Ontario to provide methodology recommendations. My project seeks to support the expanding Ontario cider industry through providing localized guidelines.

scholarly journals Screening of apple genotypes with the columnar growth habit using control markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 03007
Author(s):  
Natalia Saveleva ◽  
Alexander Lyzhin ◽  
Andrey Yushkov ◽  
Alexander Zemisov ◽  
Nadezhda Borzykh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Habit ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Columnar Growth ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Modern Breeding

One of the approaches to intensify horticulture is to introduce cultivars with an unusual canopy into commercial production. Such plants can be columnar Apple trees. In modern breeding, there is a trend to create cultivars with a compact canopy. In such orchards, it is reduced to a minimum the cost for pruning, harvesting, and protection against pest and disease, which are the main expenses in apple orchards with a traditional canopy. The use of molecular markers linked to columnar growth habit allows us to identify a physiological sign at an early stage of growth: in the juvenile period. The assessment of apple cultivars and hybrids was carried out at the I. V. Michurin Federal Scientific Centre in 2015-2018. Four markers were used in the research: Mdo. chr 10.12, C18470-25831, 29f1, and jwlr to identify plants with the columnar growth habit gene (Co). The use of various DNA markers made it possible to establish that not all of them are well linked to the Co gene. In the research process, primers were identified for markers 29f1 and jwlr, which reliably allowed us to identify plants with columnar growth habit at the juvenile stage, which will significantly reduce the breeding process.

scholarly journals Ethylene and expansin biosynthesis related genes polymorphism in local apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars from VIR Collection of plant genetic resources

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. N. Shamshin ◽  
A. V. Shlyavas ◽  
A. A. Trifonova ◽  
K. V. Boris ◽  
A. M. Kudryavtsev
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Fruit Softening ◽  
Fruit Storage ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Allelic Configuration ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Apple Production

At Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) a diverse collec tion of local apple cultivars is maintained. Some of the cultivars are widely used in breeding programs for their ecological plasticity, increased adaptation to abiotic stress and disease resistance, still there have been no large-scale studies of these local cultivars for fruit storage ability. Fruit softening during storage is an important problem for apple production. Retention of desirable firmness after prolonged storage is one of the key requirements for new apple cultivars. Expansin and ethy lene biosynthesis related genes are known to be involved in control of fruit softening in apple, and gene specific molecular markers have been reported. In this study the polymorphism and allelic configuration of ethylene and expansin biosynthesis related genes Md-ACS1, Md-ACO1 and Md-Exp7 involved in control of fruit softening in 87 local apple cultivars from VIR Collection of Plant Genetic Resources were analyzed. PCR markers Md-ACS1, Md-ACO1 and SSR-marker Md-Exp7 were used in the study. The allele frequencies in the collection generally coincided with the data from previous studies. Md-ACS1 allele 2 associated with reduced ethylene production was found only in three local cultivars, while all the studied local cultivars were heterozygous for the Md-ACO1 locus, as well as most modern Russian apple cultivars. Half of the studied local cultivars were heterozygous for Md-Exp7 (198 : 202). Thirteen local cultivars with rare Md-Exp7 alleles (206, 210 and 212) were detected. No association was found between the Md-Exp7 genotype and the cultivars’ maturation time. The obtained results can be used for additional evaluation of the cultivars’ potential for breeding.

A SNP-based high-density linkage map of zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) and its use for the identification of QTL associated with winter hardiness

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. McCamy P. Holloway ◽  
Xingwang Yu ◽  
Jeffrey C. Dunne ◽  
Brian M. Schwartz ◽  
Aaron J. Patton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Map ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
High Density ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
High Density Linkage Map

High Density Thermal Energy Storage With Supercritical Fluids

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gani B. Ganapathi ◽  
Richard Wirz
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
High Density ◽  
Salt System ◽  
Supercritical State ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
System Cost ◽  
Molten Salt System ◽  
The Cost

A novel approach to storing thermal energy with supercritical fluids is being investigated, which if successful, promises to transform the way thermal energy is captured and utilized. The use of supercritical fluids allows cost-affordable high-density storage with a combination of latent heat and sensible heat in the two-phase as well as the supercritical state. This technology will enhance penetration of several thermal power generation applications and high temperature water for commercial use if the overall cost of the technology can be demonstrated to be lower than the current state-of-the-art molten salt using sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate eutectic mixtures. An additional attraction is that the volumetric storage density of a supercritical fluid can be higher than a two-tank molten salt system due to the high compressibilities in the supercritical state. This paper looks at different elements for determining the feasibility of this storage concept — thermodynamics of supercritical state with a specific example, naphthalene, fluid and system cost and a representative storage design. A modular storage vessel design based on a shell and heat exchanger concept allows the cost to be minimized as there is no need for a separate pump for transferring fluid from one tank to another as in the molten salt system. Since the heat exchangers are internal to the tank, other advantages such as lower parasitic heat loss, easy fabrication can be achieved. Results from the study indicate that the fluid cost can be reduced by a factor of ten or even twenty depending on the fluid and thermodynamic optimization of loading factor. Results for naphthalene operating between 290 °C and 475 °C, indicate that the fluid cost is approximately $3/kWh compared with $25-$50/kWh for molten salt. When the storage container costs are factored in, the overall system cost is still very attractive. Studies for a 12-hr storage indicate that for operating at temperatures between 290–450 °C, the cost for a molten salt system can vary between $66/kWh to $184/kWh depending on molten salt cost of $2/kg or a more recent quote of $8/kg. In contrast, the cost for a 12-hr supercritical storage system can be as low as $40/kWh. By using less expensive materials than SS 316L, it is possible to reduce the costs even further.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE CLARIFYING ADDITIVES FOR HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (2A) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Le Thi Bang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Thermal Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

Bis-3,4- dimethyldibenzylidene sorbitol (DMDBS); bis-p-methylbenzylidene sorbitol (MDBS) and the mixture of DMDBS/MDBS (50/50) were studied through optical, thermal, mechanical properties and surface morphology. With the same amount of additive (DMDBS/MDBS mixture and DMDBS) in the material, the results are similar. On the other hand, using an additive mix reduces the cost of production due to MDBS. Furthermore, the additive mixture is used without producing odours. Therefore, the mixture of DMDBS/MDBS (50/50) is chosen.

scholarly journals Vegetative parameters of apple cultivars in integrated and organic production systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dremák ◽  
Á. Csihon ◽  
I. Gonda
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Training System ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Apple Production

Success of apple production is highly influenced by the applied production system and the planted cultivar. In this paper growing characteristics of 39 apple cultivars were studied in integrated and organic production systems. These kind of parameters are less studied in the cultivar and training system examinations, although they have huge effect on the training and maintaining of canopy, on the pruning necessity, ultimately on the production costs. According to our results the thickness of the central axis of apple trees showed significant differences between the integrated and the organic systems. Axis of the trees with lower trunk thickness tapers more slightly in the integrated production system, than in the case of the trees with thicker trunk in the organic system. Thicker axis is not accompanied by thicker trunk, namely the thickness of the central leader starts to decrease stronger in the organic production system, compared to the integrated one.

scholarly journals Freeze Susceptibility of Fruit Buds in 67 Apple cultivars in Hungary

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Frost Damage ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Spring Frost ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Spring Frosts ◽  
As Effects ◽  
Increased Susceptibility ◽  
Made In

Frost damage is one of the most important risks of apple production. Outstanding importance has been attributed to the frost resistance of flower-buds as decisive sites of fruit production. Browning of plants parts and tissues exposed to natural weather adversities are considered as effects of frost. In Hungary, frost damage on flower buds of both the market and new cultivars has not been assessed earlier. Observations referring to the consequences of frost damages of over four critical years, marked by their peculiar winter and spring frost hazards. Parallel observations have been made in four sites of the growing area in the Great-Plain region. 67 apple cultivars have been assessed. Each cultivar was represented by 3 trees, which were sampled at about 1-1.5 m height over ground, where the buds or inflorescences were picked for the purpose to assess the injury. The buds and flowers are cut longitudinally and rated visually according to the extent of browning of the organs and tissues. Susceptibility of different organs of the flower (pistils and anthers) were rated separately. According to our results, most resistant to spring frosts are the following cultivars: 'Gloster', 'Granny Smith' and appreciable tolerance is attributed in 'Gala' and 'Jonathan' with derivatives. Preliminary results that among the scab resistant cultivars, `Baujade', 'Rewena', 'Liberty', `Resi' and 'Renora' are rather frost resistant. Information, lacking hitherto, is obtained upon 'Reka' and 'Reglindis' as for their increased susceptibility.

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