The initiation of the Mesoproterozoic Bylot basins (Nunavut, Arctic Canada) as recorded in the Nyeboe Formation, Fury and Hecla Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 1166-1187
Author(s):  
Mollie Patzke ◽  
J. Wilder Greenman ◽  
Galen P. Halverson ◽  
Alessandro Ielpi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Stratigraphic Analysis ◽  
Crustal Thinning ◽  
Facies Associations ◽  
Half Graben ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Correlation ◽  
Basin System

ABSTRACT Reconstructing Precambrian sedimentary environments over broad cratonic regions often relies on a combination of facies, structural, and provenance analyses. The Mesoproterozoic (ca. 1270–1090 Ma) Fury and Hecla Group, exposed on the Melville Peninsula and northern Baffin Island (Nunavut, Canada), is considered broadly correlative with strata of the Borden, Hunting–Aston, and Thule basins (together referred to as the Bylot basins). We present the results of updated mapping and the first high-resolution sedimentologic and stratigraphic analysis of the lowermost unit in the Fury and Hecla Group, the Nyeboe Formation. The Nyeboe Formation comprises five distinct facies associations: alluvial to fluvial, eolian-backshore, marine-intertidal, marine foreshore to shoreface, and marine-offshore. Thin mafic units are interbedded within the marine shoreface facies and are interpreted to represent volcanic flows. Lateral relationships between facies associations are complex, but generally, facies associations transition from a terrestrial environment at the base to a nearshore marine environment at the top, indicating a transgression. Considering both the along-strike and -dip thickness trends, the presence of mafic volcanic rock units, and possible syndepositional fault orientations crosscutting the deposits, we infer that the Fury and Hecla Group was deposited in a regime of crustal thinning in a half-graben setting. Our results from the Nyeboe Formation suggest a lithostratigraphic correlation to the Nauyat and Adams Sound formations of the Borden Basin. Therefore, this study establishes a geodynamic link between the opening of the Fury and Hecla Basin to the other Bylot basins and contributes to the understanding of a large late Mesoproterozoic intracontinental-basin system.

MEASUREMENTS OF GRAVITY IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC AND GREENLAND

1950 ◽  
Vol 28a (5) ◽  
pp. 535-541
Author(s):  
Michael Beer
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
The Other ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Resolute Bay ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Cornwallis Island

Four determinations of gravity were made during the summer of 1948, with the pendulum apparatus of the Dominion Observatory, at Goose Bay, Labrador (latitude 53°), Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island (latitude 64°), Resolute Bay, Cornwallis Island (latitude 75°), and Thule, Greenland (latitude 77°), approximately. The anomalies at the two most northerly stations are comparatively small and those at the other two stations, although larger, do not exceed many that have been observed in other parts of Canada. Norgaard's determination at Thule is confirmed by the author.It is anticipated that these determinations, apart from their immediate interest, will serve as useful reference points for future work in the Canadian Arctic.

scholarly journals High resolution stratigraphy of initial stages of rifting, Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrel Kifumbi ◽  
Claiton Marlon dos Santos Scherer ◽  
Fábio Herbert Jones ◽  
Juliano Kuchle
Keyword(s):  
Radical Change ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Accommodation Space ◽  
Facies Associations ◽  
Half Graben ◽  
Lateral Connection ◽  
Depositional Units ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Channel Deposits

ABSTRACT: The present work aims to characterize the Neo-Jurassic to Neocomian succession of the Sergipe-Alagoas Basin, located in northeast region of Brazil, in order to discover the influence of tectonics on sedimentation in detailed scale and thus separating this sedimentary succession in tectono-stratigraphic units. Fieldwork observations and stratigraphic sections analysis allowed subdividing this rift succession into three depositional units that indicate different paleogeographic contexts. Unit I, equivalent to the top of Serraria Formation, is characterized by braided fluvial channel deposits, with paleocurrent direction to SE; unit II, corresponding to the base of Feliz Deserto Formation, is composed of anastomosed fluvial channel and floodplain facies associations; and unit III, equivalent to the major part of Feliz Deserto Formation, is characterized by delta deposits with polymodal paleocurrent pattern. The changes of depositional system, as well as paleocurrent direction, suggest that the previously described units were deposited in different evolutionary stages of rifting. Units I and II represent the record of a wide and shallow basin associated with the first stage of rifting. Unit I is characterized by incipient extensional stress generating a wide synclinal depression, associated to the low rate of accommodation and low tectonic activity. These two parameters progressively increase in unit II. The paleocurrent direction of unit I indicates that the depocenter of this wide basin was located at SE of the studied area. No conclusion could be done on paleocurrent from unit II because of the low amount of measurements. Unit III suggests a second stage marked by a deeper basin context, with a high rate of accommodation space associated with the lateral connection of faults and individualization of the half-graben. The scattering in the paleocurrent direction in this unit indicates sedimentary influx coming from several sectors of the half-graben. The boundary between these two stages is marked by a flooding surface that indicates an extremely fast transition and suggests a radical change in geometric characteristics of the basin due to the increase of tectonic activity.

Food of Shorthorn Sculpin, Myoxocephalus scorpius, in the Cumberland Sound Area of Baffin Island

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Moore ◽  
J. W. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Littorina Saxatilis ◽  
Shorthorn Sculpin ◽  
Cumberland Sound ◽  
Myoxocephalus Scorpius ◽  
Benthic Prey

One hundred shorthorn sculpins, Myoxocephalus scorpius, over 15 cm in length captured from June to October, 1972, in Cumberland Sound, Baffin Island, fed almost exclusively (90% by both numbers and dry weight) on the planktonic amphipods Pseudalibrotus glacialis and Parathemisto libellula. In contrast, 140 fish captured about the same times from nearby Pangnirtung Fjord fed heavily on the benthic gastropods Littorina saxatilis and Margarites umbilicalis (each 34% by numbers and 22% by weight) and the bivalve Modiolaria discors (16% by both). Drifting ice on Cumberland Sound probably reduced the level of illumination making the detection of benthic prey difficult and causing the sculpins in this area to feed entirely on the better illuminated, brightly colored plankton. At both localities, the most abundant species in the plankton and the epifauna were also the most frequently encountered in gut contents. On the other hand, coelenterates, planktonic gastropods, copepods, and infauna, all of which were abundant in the environment, were rarely eaten.

Sedimentary Facies and Evolution of early Cretaceous in the Fault Depressions, Songnan Area

2012 ◽  
Vol 152-154 ◽  
pp. 1036-1040
Author(s):  
Ya Sheng Wu ◽  
Da Kang Zhong ◽  
Nan Sheng Qiu ◽  
Xiao Ying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Structural Geology ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Well Logs ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Sedimentary Evolution ◽  
Fan Delta ◽  
Two Stages

Based on the structural geology, sedimentology, palaeontology and geochemistry, the sedimentary facies and evolution patterns are developed in Songnan area from the studies of seismic data, cores, well logs, palaeontology and geochemistry. The result indicates that nearshore subaqueous fan, fan delta, braid delta and lacustrine had been developed in the fault depressions of Songnan area. From the margin to the depocenter of the basin, the sedimentary environments gradually changed from nearshore subaqueous fan, fan delta or braid delta to shore-shallow sediments and middle depth-deep lacustrine. Two stages are divided for the sedimentary evolution of Songnan area, namely the prior stage which appears with Yixian formation developing lava facies and pyroclastic facies; the other is the detrital rock facies ,which are developed from formation Jiufotang to Fuxin, is composed of nearshore subaqueous fan, fan delta, braid delta and lacustrine. Conclusion can be made that those sedimentary facies are controlled by the depth of water variation, which changed from shallow to deep, and then to shallow. Multiple source-reservoir-cap assemblage in vertical provided favourable condition for oil and gas pool forming.

Stratigraphic Analysis of Weathering Crusts from the Historic Bastion of San Pedro, Campeche (XVIII century)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1618 ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
Isabel Silva-León ◽  
Javier Reyes ◽  
Tezozomoc Pérez ◽  
Elia Alonso ◽  
P. Bartolo Pérez
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Masonry Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Major Consequence ◽  
Stratigraphic Analysis ◽  
San Pedro ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
The City ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

ABSTRACTThe Bastion of San Pedro is part of the defensive infrastructure projected by Spanish colonizers in San Francisco de Campeche City, in order to protect the city and their inhabitants from pirates who ravaged the region during the XVIth and XIXth centuries. The bastion is a masonry structure built by using calcareous materials according the Spanish procedures from the edge. Since its construction, it has been under the synergetic interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors that promote degradation. In this study optical microscopy (MO) and scanning electron microscopy coupled to a dispersive analysis system (SEM/EDS) were used in order to analyze the stratigraphic profile of mortar weathered samples collected from walls of the Bastion of San Pedro. According the results, the samples were formed by three substrata: an upper external layer in contact with the environment (100 to 300 µm), the other one is an inner layer with thickness around 100 to 400 µm. The last substrate was formed by the mortar matrix composed by elements such as C, O, Ca, Si and Al, that indicate their mineral origin. By the other hand, it is important to note that the upper layer contained higher proportion of C respect to the other layers. It is probably major consequence of biomass encrustation rather that atmospheric pollution according to the particular environmental conditions surrounding the building.

scholarly journals Facies, sequence stratigraphy, reservoir and seal potential of the Mafraq Formation, Sultanate of Oman: An integrated outcrop analogue study

GeoArabia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-94
Author(s):  
Daniel Bendias ◽  
Thomas Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Oman Mountains ◽  
Facies Associations ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Lateral Extent ◽  
Member Sequence ◽  
Mixed Carbonate

ABSTRACT The mixed carbonate-siliciclastic Lower to Middle Jurassic Mafraq Formation unconformably overlies the Triassic Mahil Formation in outcrops of the Oman Mountains (pre-Mafraq Unconformity, known as pre-Marrat unconformity in other regions of Arabia). Together with the overlying Dhruma Formation, it is part of the Sahtan Group. This study provides: (1) a detailed facies analysis based on sedimentological logging of 12 outcrops. Twenty-four facies types were established and grouped into five facies associations, which can also be recognized in subsurface core intervals; (2) a detailed sequence-stratigraphic framework of the Mafraq Formation. Facies stacking and log patterns reveal cycle hierarchies on four scales from m-scale cycles, to several m-thick cycle sets, to tens of m-thick, high-frequency sequences, to 100 m-thick composite sequences; and (3) a documentation of potential reservoir and seal units. The study follows an approach from 1-D (outcrop sections) to 2-D (correlations and potential reservoir dimensions). The Mafraq outcrop type section, located in Wadi Sahtan is documented in an integrated way (facies, litho-, bio-, chemo- and sequence stratigraphy), together with additional outcrops of the Mafraq Formation throughout North Oman. 2-D correlation of the Mafraq Formation throughout North Oman is essentially based on cycle sets and provides key information about the lateral paleogeographic development of the formation. A general proximal-distal trend, from south to north, has been proposed by Ziegler (2001); outcrop data from the Oman Mountains confirms this trend and adds an EW-deepening component. The mixed carbonate-clastic Lower Mafraq Member (Sequence) with a coastal/estuarine to shallow-marine environment forms onlaps onto the pre-Mafraq Unconformity below, and thins out completely after some 10s of kilometers towards the southeast. The Upper Mafraq Member (Sequence) seems to be continuous over 10s of kilometers with less thickness decrease. Instead, a transition from a more distal carbonate shoal - backshoal environment in the northwest to a proximal clastic coastal/estuarine/terrestrial environment in the southeast can be observed. On a 100s km-scale significant thinning and a change towards terrestrial clastic facies can be observed southeast of the Oman Mountains area. Combined results from lateral/vertical logging, paleoenvironmental interpretations and correlation provided 3-D information about the dimensions of potential reservoir and seal units. Several potential reservoir/seal intervals and their dimensions in dip direction could be identified: (1) Lower Mafraq Sequence: various types of sandbodies, most of them with a lateral extent ca. 5 km, sealed by shales. (2) Upper Mafraq Sequence, northwestern part: oolitic grainstones, laterally correlative over 10–20 km, sealed by shales. (3) Upper Mafraq Sequence, southeastern part: channelized sandstones units, lateral extent up to km, sealed by shales.

scholarly journals STUDYING IN THE PAXOS ZONE THE CARBONATE DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT CHANGES DURING UPPER CRETACEOUS, IN SAMI AREA OF KEFALLINIA ISLAND, GREECE

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
E. Zoumpoulis ◽  
F. Pomoni-Papaioannou ◽  
A. Zelilidis
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Stratigraphic Analysis ◽  
Marine Carbonate ◽  
Carbonate Sequence ◽  
Shallow Subtidal

The shallow-marine carbonate sequence of Sami (Kefallinia isl. Fig. 1) is a part of the Upper Cretaceous carbonate platform of the Paxi zone. Detailed lithostratigraphic and microfacies analysis of that sequence revealed clear periodicities and cyclicity. The high-resolution stratigraphic analysis has shown a number of lithofacies organized in groups (lithofacies associations), suggesting, on the whole, sedimentary environments ranging from lagoonal to peritidal context. The vertical arrangement of these lithofacies allowed the identification of a cyclic recurrence of the depositional and early diagenetic features, including a meteoric overprint on top of the elementary cycles. The cycles exhibit a shallowing upward trend from shallow subtidal to inter-supratidal and hypersaline facies, in a warm shallow marine environment.

scholarly journals The Serbian Lake Pannon formations - their significance and interregional correlation

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Filip Andjelkovic ◽  
Dejan Radivojevic
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Energy ◽  
Pannonian Basin ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Petroleum Geology ◽  
Delta Front ◽  
Lake Pannon ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Correlation ◽  
Basin System

The problem of correlating Lake Pannon sediments across its basin has been the occupation of many geologists. At first, it was hampered by the prevalence of biostratigraphic, rather than lithostratigraphic correlation. The task became accomplishable when, thanks to seismic survey data, the strongly progradational character of Lake Pannon sedimentation had been understood. Thus, this paper aims to describe the formations from all parts of Lake Pannon and compare them to the ones described in Serbia. Material used includes published and unpublished data from all countries w ith Pannonian Basin System upper Miocene and lower Pliocene deposits, in the form of seismic, borehole and outcrop data. Even though the system is strongly asymmetric, both spatially and temporally, the formation synthesis framework should help better understanding among geologists operating w ithin the basin. For the first t ime the informal formations are proposed for all Lake Pannon sediments in Serbia. The formations are linked to a progradational deltaic system w ithin the following succession: basinal plain-turbidite-slope-delta front-delta plain-lacustrine and alluvial environments. The lithostratigraphic correlation has a huge potential in the context of industry. The main potential surely lies in petroleum geology, but it could be also very useful for exploration of geothermal energy, hydrogeology and construction materials.

Geodynamic Evolution of Datça Basin Since the Pliocene

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ökmen Sümer ◽  
Fatih Seçkin Şiş ◽  
Meryem Dilan İnce ◽  
Çağlar Özkaymak ◽  
Levent Tosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Western Anatolia ◽  
Geodynamic Evolution ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
The North ◽  
Facies Associations ◽  
Technological Research Council ◽  
Half Graben

<p>The slab edge processes related to the subduction of the African slab along the Aegean-Cyprian trench, beneath Anatolia, played a significant role in Cenozoic extension in western Anatolia. The Datça Basin, which includes various Late Miocene depositional environments characterised by continental to marine transitions, is a WSW-ESE trending asymmetric depression developed on the Datça Peninsula, which separates the Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean Seas at the SW corner of Anatolia. Presently, the region is seismically active and is dominated by the E-W-trending Gökova Graben in the north and the NE-SW-trending Pliny-Strabo Trench in the south. Here, we conduct high resolution integrated stratigraphic study, that includes biostratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy as well as kinematic studies involving paleostress analysis to unravel geodynamic evolution of the region within the context of Africa-Eurasia convergence.  </p><p> </p><p>Three prominent sequences separated by unconformities are recognised in the  Datça Basin; i) facies associations related to alluvial fan to fluvio-lacustrine deposits of Pliocene age, ii) facies extending from alluvial fan to fluvio-deltaic to marine incursions interlayered with two air-fall ash deposits of Pleistocene age, and iii) alluvial fan to fluvial to marine coastal facies of the modern basin infill. Integration of available information and our findings indicate that the basin experienced three distinct deformation phases associated with reactivation of pre-existing structures since Pliocene. First, the Datça Basin was initially developed as a transtensional basin in Pliocene possibly due to strike-slip deformation related to the Pliny-Strabo Trench, then orthogonal extensional deformation dominated and the basin evolved into a superimposed half-graben as a result of NNE to NNW directed extensional strain and subsequently became a full graben under N-S directed extension by the late Pliocene onwards.  </p><p>This research is supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with Grant Number of 117R012.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Integrated stratigraphy, kinematics, basin evolution, Datça Basin, Southwestern Anatolia</p>

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