scholarly journals A historic geographic approach to the anthropic disturbance in the Bükk region

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
László Sütő ◽  
Szabolcs Balogh ◽  
József Tibor Novák ◽  
Erika Homoki ◽  
Péter Rózsa
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
National Park ◽  
Political System ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Land Use Pattern ◽  
Intermediate Disturbance ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Geographical Study

This paper introduce a historical geographical study on the process of land cover transformation in the Bükk Region, which can be regarded as a two-faced area concerning its anthropogenic disturbance. Based on historic mapping that began as early as the late 18th century, a database was produced, and the data was interpreted in the context of economic and social processes that took place in the area. Results could be presented in maps using the so-called Anthropogenic Disturbance Index (ADI). These maps demonstrate the peculiar land use pattern in the Bükk Region, namely co-habitation of the significantly transformed margins and the natural or quasi-natural central part. Between them, there are linear areas of intermediate disturbance. These areas, however, due to the foundation and activity of the Bükk National Park and modification of their economic value after the change of the political system, have not increased during the last several decades; rather a re-naturalization of the landscape is aimed.

scholarly journals Geosocial Formations and the Anthropocene

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Clark ◽  
Kathryn Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Thought ◽  
Social Worlds ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Geological Formations

For at least two centuries most social thought has taken the earth to be the stable platform upon which dynamic social processes play out. Both climate change and the Anthropocene thesis – with their enfolding of dramatic geologic change into the space-time of social life – are now provoking social thinkers into closer engagement with earth science. After revisiting the decisive influence of the late 18th-century notion of geological formations on the idea of social formations, this introductory article turns to more recent and more explicit attempts to open up the categories of social thought to a deeper understanding of earth processes. This includes attempts to consider how social and political agency is both constrained and made possible by the forces of the earth itself. It also involves efforts to think beyond existing dependencies of social worlds upon particular geological strata and to imagine alternative ‘geosocial’ futures.

scholarly journals Restoration and study of the painted «heavens» complex of the late 18th century from the Kenozersky National Park

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Александр Анатольевич Горматюк
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
Art Conservation ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Russian North ◽  
Cultural Monuments

Статья посвящена реставрации и исследованию Всероссийским художественным научно-реставрационным центром имени академика И.Э. Грабаря расписного «неба» из деревни Хвалинская национального парка «Кенозерский». «Хвалинское небо» является самым ранним из семнадцати сохранившихся в Кенозерье. Традиция наиболее распространенной иконографической программы – «Небесное воинство», которая сформировалась в соседних регионах – районах Каргополя и низовьев Онеги во второй половине XVIII века, здесь реализована уникальным образом. В статье описаны техники восстановления памятника и представлен анализ изображения, композиционных особенностей и стиля росписи, создающих впечатляюще сильный образный эффект. Первое экспонирование отреставрированных Хвалинских «небес» на выставке к 100-летнему юбилею ВХНРЦ позволило по достоинству оценить значение этого произведения, определить его место среди памятников культуры Русского Севера. The article is about the restoration and research by the Grabar Art conservation Center painted «heavens» from the Khvalinsky village, National Park «Kenozersky». The Khvalinsky «heaven» is the most early from seventeen surviving ones in Kenozero. The tradition of the most common iconographic program – «The Heavenly Host», which was formed in the neighboring regions – areas of Kargopol and the lower reaches of the Onega in the second half of the 18th century, is realized here in a unique way. The article describes the techniques of restoration of the monument and presents an analysis of the image, compositional features and style of painting, creating an impressively strong figurative effect. The first exposure of the restored the Khvalinsky «heavens» at the exhibition to the 100th anniversary of the Grabar Art conservation Center allowed to appreciate the significance of this work, to determine its place among the cultural monuments of the Russian North.

Nature, poetry and medicine in late 18th century England: a unified perspective of Erasmus Darwin

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-537
Author(s):  
M. McNEIL
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Nature Poetry ◽  
Medicine And Philosophy ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
Medical Theory ◽  
Lunar Society Of Birmingham ◽  
Organizational Principles ◽  
Century Science ◽  
Erasmus Darwin

Erasmus Darwin was the focus and embodiment of provincial England in his day. Renowned as a physician, he spent much of his life at Lichfield. He instigated the founding of the Lichfield Botanic Society, which provided the first English translation of the works of Linnaeus, and established a botanic garden; the Lunar Society of Birmingham; the Derby Philosophical Society; and two provincial libraries. A list of Darwin's correspondents and associates reads like a "who's who" of eighteenth century science, industry, medicine and philosophy. His poetry was also well received by his contemporaries and he expounded the evolutionary principles of life. Darwin can be seen as an English equivalent of Lamarck, being a philosopher of nature and human society. His ideas have been linked to a multitude of movements, including the nosological movement in Western medicine, nineteenth century utilitarianism, Romanticism in both Britain and Germany, and associationist psychology. The relationships between various aspects of Darwin's interests and the organizational principles of his writings were examined. His poetical form and medical theory were not peripheral to his study of nature but intrinsically linked in providing his contemporaries with a panorama of nature. A richer, more integrated comprehension of Erasmus Darwin as one of the most significant and representative personalities of his era was presented.

Rediscovering Blackstone: wpływ Williama Blackstone’a na rozwój amerykańskiej nauki prawa w recepcji Alberta W. Alschulera

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
Edyta Sokalska
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Common Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law School ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
American Law ◽  
The Common

The reception of common law in the United States was stimulated by a very popular and influential treatise Commentaries on the Laws of England by Sir William Blackstone, published in the late 18th century. The work of Blackstone strengthened the continued reception of the common law from the American colonies into the constituent states. Because of the large measure of sovereignty of the states, common law had not exactly developed in the same way in every state. Despite the fact that a single common law was originally exported from England to America, a great variety of factors had led to the development of different common law rules in different states. Albert W. Alschuler from University of Chicago Law School is one of the contemporary American professors of law. The part of his works can be assumed as academic historical-legal narrations, especially those concerning Blackstone: Rediscovering Blackstone and Sir William Blackstone and the Shaping of American Law. Alschuler argues that Blackstone’s Commentaries inspired the evolution of American and British law. He introduces not only the profile of William Blackstone, but also examines to which extent the concepts of Blackstone have become the basis for the development of the American legal thought.

Praktiken zur Autonomie

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Carolin Rocks
Keyword(s):  
Good Life ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Sich Eine ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Ethical Practices ◽  
Karl Philipp Moritz ◽  
Late 18Th Century

"Praktiken zur Autonomie Zu Moritz’ Über die bildende Nachahmung des Schönen Karl Philipp Moritz’ Über die bildende Nachahmung des Schönen (1788) gilt als der autonomieästhetischeProgrammtext in der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts. DerAufsatz stellt diese ästhetikgeschichtliche Klassifikation nicht in Frage, zeigt aber,dass die im Kern unbestreitbar kunstmetaphysische Argumentation über ethischePraktiken begründet wird. Diese Praktiken nehmen in der Arbeit an der Autonomieeinen so entscheidenden Stellenwert ein, dass sich eine heteronomieästhetischeGrundierung der Moritz’schen Kunsttheorie aufweisen lässt. Diese tritt hervor,wenn man den Fokus darauf richtet, wie Ethik und Ästhetik zueinander insVerhältnis gesetzt werden: Moritz verpflichtet die autonome Kunst nicht einfachauf moralische Normen oder soziale Funktionen, modelliert aber den genialenKünstler als Praktiker, als ›Hand-Werker‹, dessen künstlerische Produktivität immerschon einem ›guten Leben‹ zuarbeitet. Der Aufsatz demonstriert, wie Moritz ineinem eigenwilligen Begriffsspiel mit dem Schönen und dem Guten ›Nachahmung‹neu entwirft als auf Moralität zusteuernde ästhetische Praxis. Diese praxeologischeGrundlage der Argumentation wirft zusätzlich ein neues Licht auf Moritz’ Rezeptionneuplatonistischer Philosopheme. Karl Philipp Moritz’s »Über die bildende Nachahmung des Schönen« (1788) is regarded asone of the key texts of autonomous aesthetics from the late 18th century. This article doesnot challenge this classification. Instead, it argues that Moritz’s metaphysics of art is foundedupon ethical practices. These practices are so essential to his conception, that one can show thatit is also based on heteronomous aesthetics. This aspect of his argument emerges from how herelates ethics to aesthetics. Moritz does not simply reduce autonomous art to moral norms orsocial functions. Instead he portrays the ingenious artist as an artisan (›Hand-Werker‹) whoseaesthetic productivity serves a ›good life‹. This article therefore demonstrates how Moritz playswith the concepts of the beauty and the good in order to remodel mimesis as an aesthetic practicethat significantly contributes to morality. Finally, by emphasising this praxeological foundationof Moritz’s argument, one can also reconsider his reception of Neo-Platonism "

The Portrayal of Islam in Some Early Nigerian Newspapers (1880-1910)

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-328
Author(s):  
Salahudeen Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Intellectual Honesty ◽  
The People ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
The Press ◽  
External Threat ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

The history of Islam in part of what is known today as Nigeria datesto about the loth Century. Christianity dates to the late 18th Century. Bythe middle of the 19th Century, when Nigerian newspapers began to appearon the streets of Nigeria, both religions had won so many followers and extendedto so many places in Nigeria that very few areas were untouched bytheir influence. The impact of both religions on their adherents not only determinedtheir spiritual life, but influenced their social and political lives aswell. It therefore became inevitable that both religions receive coverage frommost of the newspapers of the time. How the newspapers as media of informationand communication reported issues about the two religions is thetheme of this paper.Rationale for the StudyThe purpose of this study is to highlight the context in which such earlynewspapers operated and the factors that dictated their performance. Thisis because it is assumed that when a society faces external threat to its territory,culture, and independence, all hands (the press inclusive) ought tobe on deck to resist the threat with all might. Were newspapers used as verbalartillery and how did they present each religion? It is also assumed thatin a multireligious society a true press should be objective and serve as avanguard in the promotion of the interest of the people in general and notcreate or foster an atmosphere of religious conflict. The study also aims atfinding out whether the papers promoted intellectual honesty and fosteredthe spirit of unity particularly when the society was faced with the encroachmentof the British who posed a threat to their freedom, culture, economy ...

Inventarisasi Plasma Nutfah Serealia Lahan Kering Di Sekitar Kawasan Taman Nasional Kelimutu

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Murdaningsih Murdaningsih
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

The goal of this research was to identify the dryland cereal crop seed plasma types growing around Kelimutu National Park, located in Ende district on the island of Flores in Indonesia, by observing crop morphology and cultivation techniques.  Cereal crops represent the largest source of carbohydrates in the regional diet in comparison to other food groups in this area where dry land makes up 80% of the total available land.  It is estimated that the Ende district of Flores has adequate potential to produce dryland cereal as a staple food crop.  Previous studies have shown that farmer preference is shifting towards the cultivation of crops with a higher economic value which threatens the existence of some cereal crops.  Concurrently, shifts in eating habits have made rice a staple food in this region, leading to increased consumption and threatening the existence of other cereal crops.  Furthermore, outsiders tend to think of areas like Flores as being impoverished, with frequent problems with food security. Currently, there is a lack of knowledge within the youth population about the types of foods, especially cereals, which are rich in nutrients and their use in rituals.  This research aims to address this gap by collecting information on cereal crops in and around Kelimutu National Park for dissemination through educational and cultural tours. This study was conducted in the eastern subdistrict of Ndona, Flores and Wolojita Detusoko between June and December 2011.  Study findings identified 5 main cereal crops: paddy fields (consisting of: Are Rumba, Are Sela, Are Obo, Are Laka, Amera, Eko Ndale, Kea Ria, Are Mera, Are Kea Mboa, Eko Ena), corn (consisting of Java Roga, Nggela Java, Java, Keo Ri’a), sorghum (consisting of mera Lolo, Lolo Mite and Lolo Telo Leko), barley (consisting of Mera and Wete Wete Bara) and millet (consisting of Ke’o Mite and Ke’o).  Of the five types of cereal crops identified, one type (Pega, a subspecies of barley with a sorghum-like panicle) is not found in four of the districts.  It was found that corn, classified as a native plant, is strengthened through cultivation by re-seeding.  Study results illustrated that corn in this area is of reduced genetic quality, as illustrated by the fact that 3-4 cobs did not develop.  Alternatively, the Ke’o Bara strain of barley has a morphology and panicle strand number (270-300) that suggest that this species is typical of this region.

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