scholarly journals Efficiency of the Use of Humidified Gas Fuel and Oxidizing Mixture

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Soroka ◽  
N. V. Vorobyov
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Total Enthalpy ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas ◽  
Process Gas

The influence of hydration of the components of combustion (air-oxidizer and – in some cases – fuel) including hydration in the conditions of substitution of natural gas by alternative gas fuels, viz. by coke blast furnace mixture and natural blast furnace mixture – on energy efficiency of the use of different fuels has been determined. Calculations of fuel saving for substitution of natural gas (NG) by wet process gas (blast furnace gas (BFG), coke gas (CG), their mixtures) were performed taking into account real technological parameters (on the example of a specific metallurgical plant). All the calculations were performed within the framework of the author’s methodology on fuel substitution grounded on the 1st and the 2nd laws of thermodynamics. The analysis of possibility for saving or overspending NG is performed in the conditions of preservation of the flow of the used total enthalpy (as the main requirement of the methodology that had been proposed) and of taking into account the corresponding efficiency of fuel use. The calculation of the required heat flow of natural gas combustion depending on the content of wet blast furnace gas in NG + BFG mixtures for the cases of NG substitution by process gases has been carried out. It is established that the presence of moisture in the fuel-oxidation mixture always reduces the efficiency of the combustion chamber or the energy process and the unit. In order to increase the efficiency of a high-temperature furnace (boiler), it is necessary to provide heating of combustion components when utilizing the heat of the outgoing combustion products. It is shown that the efficiency of the fuel-using system can be significantly increased when the potential (excess total enthalpy) of the working fluid (combustion products) is activated. There are additiоnal benefits due to the fact that the existing heat of products of combustion with humid air in a full range of temperatures – from the theoretical combustion temperature to ambient temperature under conditions of equilibrium, including account of the heat of condensation – increases with increasing moisture content of the initial components of combustion, viz. air-oxidizer and/or fuel gas.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF GASEOUS FUEL EMISSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 83-91
Author(s):  
Olena Hryhoriivna Levytska ◽  
Yulia Vladimirovna Voytenko ◽  
Anastasiia Oleksiivna Orishechok
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas ◽  
Furnace Gases ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Emissions Of Harmful Substances

The work presents estimated comparative assessment of emissions release in combustion products during work of high–power steam boilers with the use of traditional fuel – natural gas and alternative fuels – blast–furnace and coke–oven gases generated in the process of technological cycle at iron and steel and coke–chemical enterprises. Calculation algorithm is shown and formulas for assessment of carbon content in exhaust gases are defined, conclusions on ecological efficiency of gaseous fuels are given. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the emissions of harmful substances generated during the combustion of natural, blast furnace and coke oven gases, justification of the calculation of carbon content of a given chemical composition and determine the optimal environmental impact of analogues of natural gas. The comparative estimation of pollutant emissions into atmospheric air during combustion of natural, coke oven and blast furnace gases revealed: – high sulfur dioxide emissions from combustion of blast furnace and coke oven gases due to the presence of sulfur compounds in the composition of these gases; – relatively high emissions of nitrogen compounds for natural and coke oven gases and relatively low emissions for blast furnace gas; – сarbon emissions are high for all types of fuels which have been considered, most carbon dioxide gets into  the air when burning natural gas, least – when burning blast furnace gas; – significantly higher methane emissions are observed during the combustion of natural and coke oven gases, respectively, smaller – for blast–furnace gas combustion; – coke oven and natural gases are characterized by low mercury emissions. Comparative assessment of the calculated values of hazardous substances emissions in the combustion products in the process of combustion of natural, coke–oven and blast–furnace gases shows that even at lower working heat of combustion values the coke–oven and blast–furnace gases can compete with natural gas. For the first time, a comparative characterization of the emissions of harmful substances in the combustion of natural, coke oven and blast furnace gases is presented, and it is shown that the gases used in coke and metallurgical industries, which are used as analogues of natural, are logical to use, but require the installation of treatment systems. The paper defines a formula for calculating the carbon content in natural gas from the Urengoy–Uzhhorod gas pipeline. The provided calculations and the introduction of simplified formulas serve as an example for the calculation of emission factors and emissions in assessing the level of safety of existing equipment and can be used in the development of permit documents of enterprises that carry out emissions of harmful substances to the environment.

Graph-Analytical Estimation Method of Natural Ventilation Efficiency during Natural Gas Combustion

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 901-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor I. Chebotarev ◽  
Anastasia P. Pirozhnikova ◽  
Alla V. Koroleva
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Analytical Estimation ◽  
Ventilation Duct

Open burning of natural gas when using gas equipment in the premises of residential buildings is considered, taking into account the formation of combustion products, depending on the coefficients of excess air. Theoretical and experimental studies of combustion processes are presented. To determine the aerodynamic process in the ventilation duct, theoretical calculations of the dependence of the discharge at the entrance to the ventilation duct from the outside temperature of the atmospheric air were made. Graph-analytic method of evaluating the effectiveness of natural ventilation is carried out.

IGR Solid-State Electrochemical NOx Control for Natural Gas Combustion Exhaust Gases

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Hossain ◽  
M. Neyman ◽  
W. J. Cook ◽  
A. Z. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Electrochemical Technology ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion ◽  
Nox Control

Solid-state electrochemical technology, embodied in the IGR process, is used to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) to nitrogen and oxygen, and thereby control NOx emissions from natural gas powered engines. The IGR deNOx process is based on solid-state, flow-through, high surface area, porous oxygen ion conductive ceramic electrolytes. Recent bench-scale experiments conducted for the Gas Research Institute have demonstrated NOx reduction in multicomponent gas streams, the inert portion of which simulate natural gas combustion products. The reduction products were analyzed by in situ gas chromatography to verify NOx reduction rates inferred from electrochemical measurements. IGR process advantages compared with existing NOx control technologies are reviewed.

Atmospheric Tests of a Full Scale Gas Turbine Burner Fed With Blast Furnace Gas and Coke Oven Gas

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Bertolotto ◽  
Alberto Amato ◽  
Li Guoqiang
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Flame Stability ◽  
Coke Oven Gas ◽  
Stability Range ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas ◽  
Inlet Conditions

Abstract The present paper describes atmospheric experimental tests of a new Ansaldo Energia full scale burner which was designed to burn fuels byproduct of steel making processes (mixtures of Blast-Furnace Gas (BFG) and Coke-Oven Gas (COG)), characterized by very low heating values (LHV∼2–3.5 MJ/kg) and very low stoichiometric air/fuel ratios (∼0.5–1 kg/kg). In particular, flame stability and blow-out margins were assessed for different burner variants and fuel compositions such as pure BFG, blends of BFG with increasing content of COG, and also a synthetic mixture of natural gas, hydrogen and nitrogen (NG/H2/N2). Except for pressure, all burner inlet conditions were simulated as in the actual gas turbine engine. The best performing burner among those tested demonstrated an excellent burning stability behavior over a wide operating range and stably burned pure BFG without any supplementary fuel. Furthermore, considering that in most operating concepts gas turbine engines for Ultra-Low BTU applications require a back-up fuel (such as oil, propane or natural gas) to ignite and ramp up or to perform load-rejections, the present atmospheric tests also assessed maneuvers to switch from natural gas operation to syngas operation. Also in this type of dual-fuel operation the burner demonstrated a wide flame stability range.

Simulation of natural-gas combustion in a blast-furnace tuyere

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 924-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Ibadullaev ◽  
V. A. Arutyunov ◽  
I. A. Levitskii ◽  
V. N. Loginov ◽  
I. F. Kurunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Blast Furnace Tuyere ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion

Operating Experience of Ansaldo V94.2 K Gas Turbine Fed by Steelworks Gas

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Bonzani ◽  
Giacomo Pollarolo ◽  
Franco Rocca
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Coke Oven Gas ◽  
Blast Furnace Gas

ANSALDO ENERGIA S.p.A. has been commissioned by ELETTRA GLT S.p.A, a company located in Trieste, Italy for the realisation of a combined cycle plant where all the main components (gas turbine, steam turbine, generator and heat recovery steam generator) are provided by ANSALDO ENERGIA. The total power output of the plant is 180 MW. The gas turbine is a V94.2 K model gas turbine dual fuel (natural gas and steelworks process gas), where the fuel used as main fuel is composed by a mixture of natural gas, blast furnace gas and coke oven gas in variable proportions according to the different working conditions of the steel work plant. The main features adopted to burn such a kind of variability of fuels are reported below: • fuel as by product of steel making factory gas (coke oven gas “COG”, blast furnace gas “BFG”) with natural gas integration; • modified compressor from standard V94.2, since no air extraction is foreseen; • dual fuel burner realised based on Siemens design. This paper describes the operating experience achieved on the gas turbine, focusing on the main critical aspect to be overcome and on to the test results during the commissioning and the early operating phase. The successful performances carried out have been showing a high flexibility in burning with stable combustion a very different fuel compositions with low emissions measured all operating conditions.

Investigation of Gas Properties for Combustion Products of Organic Fuels

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
SooYong Kim ◽  
Valeri P. Kovalevsky ◽  
Dae-Seung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Organic Fuel ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Gas Properties

In making cycle performance calculation, it is first necessary to establish data relating to the properties of the working fluid of turbo-machinery. Because the composition of natural gas combustion products varies, along with the fuel chemistry, unique formulae for their gas properties do not exist, hence the calculation becomes more complex. Thermodynamic properties depend not only on composition of gases but also on assumptions concerning the change of composition during each process in which temperature, pressure or some other thermodynamic state functions may be shifting. In the present study, a calculation method of gas constants, heat capacity, enthalpy of dry, humid air and combustion products of organic fuel are studied. A theoretical base of thermodynamic properties of gas mixtures constructed on a model of ideal gas is formulated. The composition products are represented by the mixture of ideal gases, humid air and steam directly participating in the burning process and the products of stoichiometric combustion of any organic fuel. The developed calculation procedure is validated through comparison with tabulated data in open literatures and it presented satisfactory results. Recommendation for the application of the suggested method with restriction in relation to range of temperature for static and dynamic calculation is also given. It is supposed that the present method and its result can be used in the preliminary design stage of heat exchangers, high temperature gas turbine units and boilers.

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