scholarly journals Using of aluminium slags and products of their pro‑cessing in metallurgical production

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
L. V. Tribushevskiy ◽  
B. M. Nemenenok ◽  
G. A. Rumiantseva ◽  
A. V. Arabey
Keyword(s):  
Chloride Content ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Secondary Aluminum ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Steel Processing ◽  
Furnace Steel ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Steel Treatment

The work contains the results of the analysis of technical literature and author’s research on the use of aluminium slags and products of their processing in metallurgical production. It has been shown that the bulk of reagents derived from secondary aluminum production wastes (APWs) are used with increased sodium and potassium chloride. This creates some inconvenience for out‑of‑furnace steel treatment due to the increased chloride content in the working area. It is proposed for steel processing to use APWs formed during flux‑free melting or dump aluminium slags. This allows to reduce the content of salt fluxes residues to 1.0–1.5 % and to improve working conditions at ladle furnaces when liquefying refining slags.

scholarly journals The experience of using calcium carbide for the deoxidation of steel to replace aluminum in the conditions of OJSC «BSW – Management company of the holding «BMC»

2020 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
О. M. Grudnitsky
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbide ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Reinforcing Steel ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Secondary Aluminum ◽  
Management Company ◽  
Metallic Inclusions ◽  
Steel Processing ◽  
Furnace Steel ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with issues related to the use of calcium carbide in steelmaking, instead of secondary aluminum and other deoxidizing materials, in order to reduce the cost of deoxidizing steel and slag.It was assumed that reducing the content of aluminum in the metal of the reinforcing steel grade would improve its spillability, and by improving the spillability, the yield of usable metal would increase. It was also expected that as a result of the use of calcium carbide for deoxidizing the coating slag in the ladle, the degree of contamination of cord steel with non-metallic inclusions would decrease.During the tests, the optimal amount of additive material was determined. In General, as a result of the work carried out, it was found that calcium carbide can be used for deoxidation of slag and metal during extra-furnace steel processingThe methods of adding the material are described in detail. The results of this work are presented.

scholarly journals EXTRA-FURNACE STEEL PROCESSING BY RECYCLED SECONDARY ALUMINUM WASTE

2018 ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Tribushevskiy ◽  
B. M. Nemenenok ◽  
G. V. Rumiantseva ◽  
M. A. Kulik
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Breaking Load ◽  
Refining Slag ◽  
Secondary Aluminum ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Ladle Refining ◽  
Steel Processing ◽  
Furnace Steel ◽  
Calcium Aluminosilicates

The paper presents the results of research on the use of recycled aluminum waste (RAW) during extra-furnace steel processing in ladle refining furnace. It has been established that simultaneously with the deoxidation of refining slags before desulfurization of steel, their liquid mobility increases, which eliminates the need for using fluorspar for these purposes.A thermodynamic analysis of possible reactions of formation of aluminates and calcium aluminosilicates in the refining slag has been carried out. It has been suggested that the cause of thinning of refining slags from the addition of RAW is the formation of a number of low-melting eutectics containing aluminates and calcium aluminosilicates. The composition of briquettes based on RAW for liquefaction of refining slags is proposed. Dependence of the friability and breaking load of briquettes on the content of CaO, the temperature and drying time is established. The data on the composition and properties of the refining slag after treatment with a diluent based on RAW are given.

scholarly journals Changes in the Membrane Permeability of Frog's Sartorius Muscle Fibers in Ca-Free EDTA Solution

1963 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kimizuka ◽  
K. Koketsu
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Sartorius Muscle ◽  
Constant Field ◽  
Sodium Influx ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Edta Solution ◽  
Frog Sartorius ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The changes in the membrane permeability to sodium, potassium, and chloride ions as well as the changes in the intracellular concentration of these ions were studied on frog sartorius muscles in Ca-free EDTA solution. It was found that the rate constants for potassium and chloride efflux became almost constant within 10 minutes in the absence of external calcium ions, that for potassium increasing to 1.5 to 2 times normal and that for chloride decreasing about one-half. The sodium influx in Ca-free EDTA solution, between 30 and 40 minutes, was about 4 times that in Ringer's solution. The intracellular sodium and potassium contents did not change appreciably but the intracellular chloride content had increased to about 4 times normal after 40 minutes. By applying the constant field theory to these results, it was concluded that (a) PCl did not change appreciably whereas PK decreased to a level that, in the interval between 10 and 40 minutes, was about one-half normal, (b) PNa increased until between 30 and 40 minutes it was about 8 times normal. The low value of the membrane potential between 30 and 40 minutes was explained in terms of the changes in the membrane permeability and the intracellular ion concentrations. The mechanism for membrane depolarization in this solution was briefly discussed.

Domestic experience of producing blow units for non-furnace steel treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Kazakov ◽  
A. M. Chuklai ◽  
O. I. Frolov ◽  
V. Ya. Gushchin
Keyword(s):  
Furnace Steel ◽  
Steel Treatment

Additions of Salt Cake and KAlF4 from Aluminum Production to Steelmaking Slags

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 529-537
Author(s):  
G.A. Sweet ◽  
S. Ferenczy ◽  
W.F. Caley ◽  
G.J. Kipouros
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Secondary Aluminum ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Salt Cake ◽  
Steelmaking Slags ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Temperature Operating ◽  
Plant Trials

AbstractFluorspar, a mineral primarily composed of CaF2 is the most commonly used slag fluidizer in steelmaking. Due to increasing costs for fluorspar steelmakers are seeking alternative means of achieving slag fluidity. The research has concentrated on other minerals or the wastes of other high temperature operating industries. A promising alternative to fluorspar has been identified in a previous work from this laboratory which is the salt cake from secondary aluminum production such as the flux in remelting aluminum scrap and dross. This material is widely available and also considered toxic (meaning that use in steelmaking helps to reduce environmental impacts from disposal). The present work is an investigation of the viability of using mixtures of salt cake and KAlF4 in slag-fluidizing applications by measurements of viscosity and weight loss at high temperatures (to evaluate whether large amounts of potentially harmful gases are formed). In addition, characterization of raw materials and melted slags has been performed. In terms of fluidity the mixtures of aluminum salt cake and KAlF4 are qualified for use as fluidizers. The results of the present study will be used to design plant trials.

Estimated and experimental determination of the phase composition of out-of-furnace steel processing slags

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
V. V. Kozlov ◽  
A. P. Shevchik ◽  
S. A. Suvorov ◽  
A. V. Ivanov ◽  
N. V. Arbuzova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Steel Processing ◽  
Furnace Steel

Making steel with slag from secondary-aluminum production

Metallurgist ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
A. M. Ovsyannikov ◽  
G. Z. Gizatulin ◽  
N. M. Perevorachaev ◽  
A. F. Papuna ◽  
S. P. Terziyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Secondary Aluminum

scholarly journals Recovery of Aluminum from Industrial Waste (Slag) by Melting and Electrorefining Processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maytham Mahmood Ali ◽  
Rabiha Saleh Yassen
Keyword(s):  
Slag Sample ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Secondary Aluminum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Melting Temperatures ◽  
Salt Slag ◽  
Melting Experiments

Slag of aluminum is a residue which results during the melting process of primary and secondary aluminum production. Salt slag of aluminum is hazardous solid waste according to the European Catalogue for Hazardous Wastes. Hence, recovery of aluminum not only saves the environment, but also has advantages of financial and economic returns. In this research, aluminum was recovered and purified from the industrial wastes generated as waste from both of State Company for Electrical and Electronic Industries (Baghdad/AlWaziriya) and General Company for Mechanical Industries (Babylon/-Al-Escandria). It was found that these wastes contain tiny proportions of other elements such as iron, copper, nickel, titanium, lead, and potassium. Wastes were recovered for green sustainability, saving energy and cost effectiveness. The method applied for recovering aluminum was pyro-metallurgical method by smelting and refining. X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy and X- Ray diffraction techniques of the slag sample were used to determine the chemical analysis and phases, respectively. Melting experiments were conducted by using different types of fluxes (KAlF4, NaCl, KCl and AlCl3) at different percentages (0, 5, 10 %) and different melting temperatures (700, 750, 800oC). Design of Experiment (DOE) by Taguchi method, orthogonal array L9, was used in melting experiments. Melting efficiency of aluminum was equal to 84.7%. Electro-refining of aluminum was done by using anhydrous aluminum chloride and NaCl as ionic liquids at low temperature 100 ◦C in electro-refining method producing aluminum of 99% purity.                                  

Efficiency of mineral additives to binding component for making hardening mixtures at underground operations

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-650
Author(s):  
V. I. Golik ◽  
Yu. I. Razorenov ◽  
V. S. Vagin ◽  
V. I. Lyashenko
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
Electrochemical Activation ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Effective Operation ◽  
Mineral Additives ◽  
Binding Component

For effective operation of mining enterprises, including mines of ferrous metallurgy, supply of quality binding components is necessary to make hardening mixtures for packing of goave, aroused at underground development of hard mineral deposits. Results of the study of compositions based on ash-cement, nepheline, belit-aluminates and lime binding component made of mining and metallurgical production wastes presented. Application of vibro-, mechanical- and electrochemical activation methods to obtain filling mixtures from local low-quality raw materials, as well as activation of binding components were analyzed. A model to evaluate efficiency of binding additives presented. It was shown that decrease of cement consumption by addition of binding components of mineral origin requires perfection of mining processes, first of all, grinding and activation. It was proved, that additions of electric filters ash, nephelines, belit-aluminates and lime, obtained by utilization of current and old tailings to the basic binding component – portland cement – makes it possible to obtain hardening filling mixtures, having high enough strength to apply them at goave packing. Application of the study results makes it perspective for depressed mining and related enterprises to survive under conditions of the forming market.

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