Using of aluminium slags and products of their pro‑cessing in metallurgical production

The work contains the results of the analysis of technical literature and author’s research on the use of aluminium slags and products of their processing in metallurgical production. It has been shown that the bulk of reagents derived from secondary aluminum production wastes (APWs) are used with increased sodium and potassium chloride. This creates some inconvenience for out‑of‑furnace steel treatment due to the increased chloride content in the working area. It is proposed for steel processing to use APWs formed during flux‑free melting or dump aluminium slags. This allows to reduce the content of salt fluxes residues to 1.0–1.5 % and to improve working conditions at ladle furnaces when liquefying refining slags.

Prospects for using boron in metallurgy. Report 2

The second part of the article presents perspective directions of using boron and its compounds in the preparation processes, metallurgical processing of ore materials and steel smelting in order to improve the quality of the final product. An efficient technology of silicothermal production of ferrosilicoboron containing 0.6 – 2.0 % B and 60 – 80 % Si has been developed. The advantage of this scheme is the possibility of obtaining a boron-containing alloy during ferrosilicon smelting. It has been experimentally shown that ferrosilicoboron has higher performance characteristics than ferroboron both in production and when used for steel processing. The results of industrial tests of the technology for microalloying pipe grades of steel with a new ferroalloy with boron confirmed a high degree of boron assimilation – up to 96 %. The possibility of widespread use of boron for steel microalloying is due to its cheapness, availability and environmental friendliness. According to the calculations, boron from complex ferrosilicoboron is the cheapest trace element used to increase the strength characteristics of steel. Additives of B2O3 can be successfully used to form high-magnesium liquid steel-making slags. It is shown that 0.37 – 0.55 % В2О3 effectively stabilizes the highly basic slags of the steel and ferroalloy industries. This operation allows obtaining a marketable lump material. The above review, results of the laboratory and industrial studies have shown the effectiveness of boron usage at different stages of metallurgical production. An increase in technical and economic indicators of production and quality of steel and ferroalloys, and effective disposal of waste slags is shown. The technical solutions advanced and tested at metallurgical enterprises do not require capital expenditures. They are implemented by adding microdosing of boron and its compounds to metallurgical production facilities.

Traceological Analysis of Stone Tools of Miners and Metallurgists from Zhezkazgan Copper Deposits

This article presents the results of a traceological study of two collections of stone tools – tools of miners from the Kresto-Center quarry and metallurgists from the Milykuduk settlement, located in the zone of Zhezkazgan copper deposits in the Zhezkazgan-Ulytau Mining and Metallurgical Center (MMC). Structural and raw materials, typological, technological, functional, and contextual analyses were used to study the collection, which consists of 63 items. As a result of the research, it was found that the settlement of Milykuduk was engaged in ore processing, and the Kresto Center quarry was engaged in its extraction. The metallurgical specialization of the population of Zhezkazgan-Ulytau MMC was dictated by the richest deposits of oxidized and sulfide copper ore. Region Saryarka was one of the largest centers of mining and ancient metallurgy for the entire Northern Eurasia during the Late Bronze Age. Mining and metallurgical production was an important and complex production process of antiquity, the level of which was an indicator of the development of the productive forces of ancient society.

Timely diagnostics of hydraulic equipment in metallurgical production

Precision control of hydraulic equipment is a distinctive feature of modern hydraulic systems. With the help of special diagnostic devices, it is possible to reliably and simply monitor the operation of hydraulic equipment. Diagnostic methods can be very different. The article lists the stages and methods of checking hydraulic equipment malfunctions, as well as describes the principles of operation of diagnostic devices of well‑known world manufacturers HYDAC, MOOG, used in OJSC “BSW – Management Company of the Holding “BMC”. Schematically, the connection of the MOOG tester to the production equipment is presented when checking the servo valve in autonomous and combined mode, without resorting to dismantling the valve. Continuous monitoring of the oil purity with the help of the HYDAC FCU device allowed saving time on assessing its condition and taking fast‑acting corrective measures to clean the oil from contamination.

Fullerenes and prospects of their use in foundry and metallurgical production

The article is devoted to a special nanostructured form of carbon – fullerenes; the discovery of which became one of the most important events in the field of physics in the 80s of the last century. The article discusses the issues of obtaining and using fullerenes and other nanostructured materials; including hybrid ones; in foundry and metallurgical production: for modifying casting alloys; binders and auxiliary molding materials; for obtaining ceramic and hybrid nanocomposites; and for other purposes. It also provides information on the creation and operation of the world’s leading research centers specializing in the synthesis and application of nanomaterials in metallurgy and foundry.

TECHNOLOGY PROVIDING SECONDARY PROTECTION METAL STRUCTURES AGAINST CORROSION UNDER AGGRESSIVE IMPACT OF METALLURGICAL PRODUCTION

Research is aimed at the formation and development of innovative developments to increase the metal structures corrosion protection, as an important means of ensuring the quality and safety industrial facilities. The method determining the corrosion destruction signs, the procedure of monitoring and carrying out measures to diagnose the technical condition of lattice metal structures according to the level of corrosion hazard were adopted. The nomenclature indicators and control methods (conformity assessment) of determining parameters primary and secondary protection metal designs against corrosion is established. During this study, the lattice structures operational condition loader crane’s girder structure was considered. It is revealed that operation of the crane is carried out in difficult production conditions operating environment’s aggressive influence in combination with considerable dynamic loadings working operations loading technological process, unloading, sorting (averaging) of ore yard’s charge of blast furnace shop. Based on the study structures corrosion condition and operating conditions, measures have been developed to increase the durability ore-grab crane of the reloader. Based on the analysis of the principles of the ISO 9001 process approach, the development and implementation design solutions to extend the structures service life in aggressive environments of metallurgical production. It is proved that the procedure of making constructive and technological decisions, performance works on increase corrosion resistance promotes maintenance conditions of resource saving and technological safety industrial constructions. The principles process is offered to develop and implement design measures to extend the service life of structures in aggressive environments metallurgical production are proposed. Constructive and technological measures to ensure durability in accordance with the requirements of the building structure corrosion risk have been developed, which are determined by the critical indicators metal structures protection in the conditions corrosion influences within their limit values.

Research of the Microstructure of the Deposited Layer during Electric Arc Surfacing with Control Impacts

Electric arc surfacing is widely used for the application of protective and restorative coatings on units and parts of metallurgical production equipment in order to increase their durability in harsh operating conditions and in an aggressive environment. Increasing the efficiency of melting the electrode material is an important task, since it allows one to reduce the required volume of deposited metal and the cost of surfacing. In addition, when surfacing by traditional technology of parts with a complex shape of the working surface, it was found that the deposited layer can contain such defects as single gas and line pores, as well as slag inclusions. The work is devoted to the study of improving the surfacing technology by controlling heat input into the base metal using controlled mechanical actions.

Optimization of Compositions and Hardening Conditions of Vibropress Concretes Based on Steel-Making Slag

The purpose of the study is to study the possibility of using secondary resources of metallurgical production, namely: steel-making slag and carbon dioxide in the production of vibropress products for construction purposes. The tests were carried out with the complete replacement of the coarse aggregate in the concrete mixture with steelmaking slag and varying the hardening processes. The optimal condition for strength gain is hardening in carbon dioxide at an increased pressure of 0,2 MPa.